Gregg C. Fonarow
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View article: Long‐term Cognitive Impact of COVID‐19 Infection in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Long‐term Cognitive Impact of COVID‐19 Infection in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Open
Background About one in three COVID‐19 patients experience neurological problems; and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is one of the common comorbidities of COVID‐19. As stroke doubles the risk of dementia, AIS patients with COVID‐19 infection …
View article: GLP‐1 and Dual GLP‐1/GIP Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
GLP‐1 and Dual GLP‐1/GIP Receptor Agonists in Heart Failure With Mildly Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis Open
This comprehensive meta-analysis reveals that GLP-1 and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists are associated with reduced risk of composite cardiovascular endpoints and worsening heart failure events. However, no statistically significant diffe…
View article: A contemporary review on heart failure with improved ejection fraction
A contemporary review on heart failure with improved ejection fraction Open
Heart failure is a complex condition caused by various etiologies that reduce cardiac output or increase cardiac pressures. It is classified by left ventricular ejection fraction, a key prognostic factor. New therapies, devices, and better…
View article: Trends and disparities in mortality associated with peripheral artery disease and hyperlipidemia, 1999–2024
Trends and disparities in mortality associated with peripheral artery disease and hyperlipidemia, 1999–2024 Open
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) with hyperlipidemia adds significantly to the national burden of cardiovascular disease. However, population-level trends in mortality for these conditions are not well understood. We used nationally represe…
View article: Rising Trends in Obesity and Heart Failure
Rising Trends in Obesity and Heart Failure Open
Obesity and HF-related mortality have more than tripled, with persistent disparities underscoring the need for urgent, equity-focused public health strategies.
View article: Introducing the OUTPACE Framework for Health Care Quality Improvement
Introducing the OUTPACE Framework for Health Care Quality Improvement Open
Equitable, timely, and evidence-based care remains a central goal across health care ecosystems, yet significant quality gaps, care variability, and health disparities persist. Professional societies, including the American Heart Associati…
View article: Healthcare System Resilience and Adaptation: A Six-Year Analysis of Heart Failure Care in the Veterans Affairs System
Healthcare System Resilience and Adaptation: A Six-Year Analysis of Heart Failure Care in the Veterans Affairs System Open
Background: The Veterans Health Administration (VA) healthcare system cares for almost 200,000 Veterans with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). It is not known how this population fared regarding continuity of care quali…
View article: Comorbidity patterns and mortality in HFpEF: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study
Comorbidity patterns and mortality in HFpEF: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study Open
In HFpEF, comorbidities are common and associated with higher mortality, especially within the first 3 years. Prognostic effects persisted across GWTG strata, while SGLT2i therapy attenuated these risks, highlighting the importance of earl…
View article: Efficacy and safety of colchicine in patients with coronary artery disease: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Efficacy and safety of colchicine in patients with coronary artery disease: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Open
Colchicine does not reduce the relative risk of all-cause and cardiovascular death in patients with CAD. However, it can reduce the risk of myocardial infarction and ischemia drive revascularization. Additional trial data are required to c…
View article: Demographics and Trends of Sudden Cardiac Death‐Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2022
Demographics and Trends of Sudden Cardiac Death‐Related Mortality in the United States, 1999 to 2022 Open
Background There is a paucity of data regarding mortality trends among individuals experiencing sudden cardiac death (SCD). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the trends in SCD‐related mortality across all age groups in the United States. …
View article: Disparities in Heart Failure Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes
Disparities in Heart Failure Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes Open
Heart failure (HF) disproportionately impacts minority groups in the United States. Among minorities living with HF, disparities exist in treatment, access to advanced therapies such as durable left ventricular assist devices and heart tra…
View article: Efficacy and safety of bridging intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Efficacy and safety of bridging intravenous thrombolysis before mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Background The safety and efficacy of intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in acute ischemic stroke remain uncertain. Methods We comprehensively searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library from inception…
View article: Oral anticoagulant monotherapy in patients with chronic coronary disease: An updated meta-analysis
Oral anticoagulant monotherapy in patients with chronic coronary disease: An updated meta-analysis Open
In patients with chronic coronary disease requiring long-term anticoagulation, OAC monotherapy reduces bleeding complications without increasing the risk of ischemic events compared to dual therapy. These findings support the use of a simp…
View article: Hidden Malnutrition in Overweight and Obese Individuals with Chronic Heart Failure: Insights from the Pro-HEART Trial
Hidden Malnutrition in Overweight and Obese Individuals with Chronic Heart Failure: Insights from the Pro-HEART Trial Open
Background/Objectives: Poor nutritional status and cachexia have been well-documented as predictors of adverse outcomes in individuals with chronic heart failure (HF). However, despite obesity being a common observation in this patient pop…
View article: Trends in depression related cardiovascular mortality among adults from 1999 to 2020: a retrospective study in the United States
Trends in depression related cardiovascular mortality among adults from 1999 to 2020: a retrospective study in the United States Open
CVD mortality rates among adults with depression have risen since 2018, with disparities by sex, race, and geography. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to reduce mortality in this high-risk population.
View article: GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Sight-Threatening Ophthalmic Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Sight-Threatening Ophthalmic Complications in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Open
Importance Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are associated with increased risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). The risk of sight-threatening complications assoc…
View article: Treatment Times and In-Hospital Mortality Among Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Throughout the Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned
Treatment Times and In-Hospital Mortality Among Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Throughout the Waves of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned Open
Previous studies about the COVID-19 pandemic on STEMI patient outcomes have conflicting results. It remains unclear if this may be attributed to regional differences and/or differences during COVID-19 wave periods. Using the American Heart…
View article: Guideline-directed medical therapy and in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients with advanced renal dysfunction: analysis of two nationwide retrospective cohort studies
Guideline-directed medical therapy and in-hospital mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients with advanced renal dysfunction: analysis of two nationwide retrospective cohort studies Open
Objectives The purpose of this study was to verify whether guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT, ie, the combined use of β-blocker, ACE inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker, dual antiplatelet drugs and statin) could improve in-hospit…
View article: Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease From 1999 to 2020: A Retrospective Study in the United States
Trends in Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease From 1999 to 2020: A Retrospective Study in the United States Open
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be associated with fatal cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). We aim to identify CVD‐related mortality trends in patients with CKD in the US, examining the variation by sex, race, and region, and comp…
View article: SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Arrhythmias in Heart Failure: A Network Meta-Analysis
SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Arrhythmias in Heart Failure: A Network Meta-Analysis Open
Background/Objectives: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have revolutionized heart failure (HF) therapies and are an essential component of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT); however, their significance in arrhythm…
View article: Body mass index, exercise capacity and functional status in chronic heart failure
Body mass index, exercise capacity and functional status in chronic heart failure Open
Our study found that in patients with chronic heart failure, increasing body mass index is associated with poor exercise capacity and functional status. Our findings underscore the potential importance of optimizing weight management among…
View article: Recombinant human pro-urokinase vs. alteplase within 4.5 hours of acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Recombinant human pro-urokinase vs. alteplase within 4.5 hours of acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Open
This meta-analysis found no statistically significant differences between rhPro-UK and alteplase in terms of functional outcomes, early neurological improvement, or safety profiles in patients with acute ischemic stroke. rhPro-UK shows pro…
View article: Blood‐Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Adults With Heart Failure
Blood‐Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Adults With Heart Failure Open
Background and Purpose Heart failure (HF) patients show brain tissue injury in sites that mediate autonomic, cognitive, and mood dysfunctions that are linked with increased morbidity and mortality. The pathological mechanisms that may cont…
View article: Reduced-dose vs full-dose direct oral anticoagulants for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Reduced-dose vs full-dose direct oral anticoagulants for extended treatment of venous thromboembolism: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Open
Reduced-dose DOACs are as effective as full-dose regimens in preventing recurrent VTE and are associated with significantly lower bleeding risks. However, more RCTs with extended follow-up and focused inclusion of cancer patients are warra…