Explanipedia

The first radio view of a type Ibn supernova in SN 2023fyq: Understanding the mass-loss history in the last decade before the explosion Open

Raphael Baer-Way, A. J. Nayana, W. V. Jacobson-Galán, P. Chandra, M. Modjaz , et al. · 2025

Supernovae that interact with hydrogen-poor, helium-rich circumstellar material (CSM), known as Type Ibn supernovae (SNe Ibn), present a unique opportunity to probe mass-loss processes in massive stars. In this work, we report the first ra…

The Search for Stable Nickel: Investigating the Origins of Type Ia Supernovae with Late-time NIR Spectroscopy from the Carnegie Supernova Project-II Open

Sahana Kumar, E. Y. Hsiao, C. Ashall, P. Hoêflich, E. Baron , et al. · 2025

Producing stable $^{58}$Ni in Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) requires sufficiently high density conditions that are not predicted for all origin scenarios, so examining the distribution of $^{58}$Ni using the NIR [Ni II] 1.939 $μ$m line may o…

A Multiwavelength Autopsy of the Interacting Type IIn Supernova 2020ywx: Tracing Its Progenitor Mass-loss History for 100 Yr Before Death Open

Raphael Baer-Way, P. Chandra, M. Modjaz, Sahana Kumar, C. Pellegrino , et al. · 2025

While the subclass of interacting supernovae (SNe) with narrow hydrogen emission lines (Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn)) consists of some of the longest-lasting and brightest supernovae (SNe) ever discovered, their progenitors are still not …

Peaky Finders: Characterizing Double-Peaked Type IIb Supernovae in Large-Scale Live-Stream Photometric Surveys Open

Adrian Crawford, T. A. Pritchard, M. Modjaz, C. Pellegrino, Sahana Kumar , et al. · 2025

We present the first photometric population study of double-peaked Type IIb supernovae (SNe IIb). SNe IIb are produced from the core-collapse of massive stars whose outermost Hydrogen layer has been partially stripped prior to explosion. T…

Physics-driven Explosions of Stripped High-mass Stars: Synthetic Light Curves and Spectra of Stripped-envelope Supernovae with Broad Light Curves Open

Jing Lü, Brandon L. Barker, Jared A. Goldberg, Wolfgang Kerzendorf, M. Modjaz , et al. · 2025

Stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) represent a significant fraction of core-collapse supernovae, arising from massive stars that have shed their hydrogen and, in some cases, helium envelopes. The origins and explosion mechanisms of SESNe…

Spectral dataset of young type Ib supernovae and their time evolution Open

N. Yesmin, C. Pellegrino, M. Modjaz, Raphael Baer-Way, D.A. Howell , et al. · 2024

Due to high-cadence automated surveys, we can now detect and classify supernovae (SNe) within a few days after explosion, if not earlier. Early-time spectra of young SNe directly probe the outermost layers of the ejecta, providing insights…

A Multiwavelength Autopsy of the Interacting IIn Supernova 2020ywx: Tracing its Progenitor Mass-Loss History for 100 Years before Death Open

Raphael Baer-Way, P. Chandra, M. Modjaz, Sahana Kumar, C. Pellegrino , et al. · 2024

While the subclass of interacting supernovae with narrow hydrogen emission lines (SNe IIn) consists of some of the longest-lasting and brightest SNe ever discovered, their progenitors are still not well understood. Investigating SNe IIn as…

Multifilter UV to Near-infrared Data-driven Light-curve Templates for Stripped-envelope Supernovae Open

Somayeh Khakpash, Federica Bianco, M. Modjaz, Willow Fox Fortino, Alexander Gagliano , et al. · 2024

While the spectroscopic classification scheme for stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) is clear, and we know that they originate from massive stars that lost some or all of their envelopes of hydrogen and helium, the photometric evolution …

The X-Ray Luminous Type Ibn SN 2022ablq: Estimates of Preexplosion Mass Loss and Constraints on Precursor Emission Open

C. Pellegrino, M. Modjaz, Yuki Takei, D. Tsuna, Megan Newsome , et al. · 2024

Type Ibn supernovae (SNe Ibn) are rare stellar explosions powered primarily by interaction between the SN ejecta and H-poor, He-rich material lost by their progenitor stars. Multiwavelength observations, particularly in the X-rays, of SNe …

Physics-driven Explosions of Stripped High-Mass Stars: Synthetic Light Curves and Spectra of Stripped-Envelope Supernovae with Broad Lightcurves Open

Jing Lü, Brandon L. Barker, Jared A. Goldberg, Wolfgang Kerzendorf, M. Modjaz , et al. · 2024

Stripped-envelope supernovae (SESNe) represent a significant fraction of core-collapse supernovae, arising from massive stars that have shed their hydrogen and, in some cases, helium envelopes. The origins and explosion mechanisms of SESNe…

Characterizing the Rapid Hydrogen Disappearance in SN 2022crv: Evidence of a Continuum between Type Ib and IIb Supernova Properties Open

Yize Dong, S. Valenti, C. Ashall, Marc Williamson, David J. Sand , et al. · 2024

We present optical and near-infrared (NIR) observations of SN 2022crv, a stripped-envelope supernova in NGC 3054, discovered within 12 hr of explosion by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc Survey. We suggest that SN 2022crv is a transitional ob…

Spectral dataset of young type Ib supernovae and their time evolution Open

N. Yesmin, C. Pellegrino, M. Modjaz, Raphael Baer-Way, D. A. Howell , et al. · 2024

Due to high-cadence automated surveys, we can now detect and classify supernovae (SNe) within a few days after explosion, if not earlier. Early-time spectra of young SNe directly probe the outermost layers of the ejecta, providing insights…

The X-ray Luminous Type Ibn SN 2022ablq: Estimates of Pre-explosion Mass Loss and Constraints on Precursor Emission Open

C. Pellegrino, M. Modjaz, Yoh Takei, D. Tsuna, Megan Newsome , et al. · 2024

Type Ibn supernovae (SNe Ibn) are rare stellar explosions powered primarily by interaction between the SN ejecta and H-poor, He-rich material lost by their progenitor stars. Multi-wavelength observations, particularly in the X-rays, of SNe…

Dissecting the Crab Nebula with JWST: Pulsar Wind, Dusty Filaments, and Ni/Fe Abundance Constraints on the Explosion Mechanism Open

Tea Temim, J. M. Laming, Patrick Kavanagh, Nathan Smith, Patrick Slane , et al. · 2024

We present JWST observations of the Crab Nebula, the iconic remnant of the historical SN 1054. The observations include NIRCam and MIRI imaging mosaics plus MIRI/MRS spectra that probe two select locations within the ejecta filaments. We d…

Multi-filter UV to NIR Data-driven Light Curve Templates for Stripped Envelope Supernovae Open

Somayeh Khakpash, Federica Bianco, M. Modjaz, Willow Fox Fortino, Alexander Gagliano , et al. · 2024

While the spectroscopic classification scheme for Stripped envelope supernovae (SESNe) is clear, and we know that they originate from massive stars that lost some or all their envelopes of Hydrogen and Helium, the photometric evolution of …

Strong Carbon Features and a Red Early Color in the Underluminous Type Ia SN 2022xkq Open

Jeniveve Pearson, David J. Sand, Peter Lundqvist, L. Galbany, Jennifer E. Andrews , et al. · 2023

We present optical, infrared, ultraviolet, and radio observations of SN 2022xkq, an underluminous fast-declining Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in NGC 1784 ( D ≈ 31 Mpc), from <1 to 180 days after explosion. The high-cadence observations of SN …

Early-time Ultraviolet and Optical Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopy of the Type II Supernova 2022wsp Open

Sergiy S. Vasylyev, C. Vogl, Yi Yang, A. V. Filippenko, Thomas G. Brink , et al. · 2023

We report early-time ultraviolet (UV) and optical spectroscopy of the young, nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2022wsp obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/STIS at about 10 and 20 days after the explosion. The SN 2022wsp UV spectra are…

Characterizing the Rapid Hydrogen Disappearance in SN2022crv: Evidence of a Continuum between Type Ib and IIb Supernova Properties Open

Yize Dong, S. Valenti, C. Ashall, Marc Williamson, David J. Sand , et al. · 2023

We present optical and near-infrared observations of SN~2022crv, a stripped envelope supernova in NGC~3054, discovered within 12 hrs of explosion by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc Survey. We suggest SN~2022crv is a transitional object on th…

Strong Carbon Features and a Red Early Color in the Underluminous Type Ia SN 2022xkq Open

Jeniveve Pearson, David J. Sand, Peter Lundqvist, L. Galbany, Jennifer E. Andrews , et al. · 2023

We present optical, infrared, ultraviolet, and radio observations of SN 2022xkq, an underluminous fast-declining type Ia supernova (SN Ia) in NGC 1784 ($\mathrm{D}\approx31$ Mpc), from $<1$ to 180 days after explosion. The high-cadence obs…

SN 2020bio: A Double-peaked, H-poor Type IIb Supernova with Evidence of Circumstellar Interaction Open

C. Pellegrino, D. Hiramatsu, I. Arcavi, D. A. Howell, K. Azalee Bostroem , et al. · 2023

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2020bio, a double-peaked Type IIb supernova (SN) discovered within a day of explosion, primarily obtained by Las Cumbres Observatory and Swift. SN 2020bio displays a rapid and lon…

Shock Cooling and Possible Precursor Emission in the Early Light Curve of the Type II SN 2023ixf Open

G. Hosseinzadeh, Joseph Farah, Manisha Shrestha, David J. Sand, Yize Dong , et al. · 2023

We present the densely sampled early light curve of the Type II supernova (SN) 2023ixf, first observed within hours of explosion in the nearby Pinwheel Galaxy (Messier 101; 6.7 Mpc). Comparing these data to recently updated models of shock…

Peculiar Spectral Evolution of the Type I Supernova 2019eix: A Possible Double Detonation from a Helium Shell on a Sub-Chandrasekhar-mass White Dwarf Open

Estefania Padilla Gonzalez, D. A. Howell, J. Burke, Yize Dong, D. Hiramatsu , et al. · 2023

We present photometric and spectroscopic data for the nearby Type I supernova (SN Ia) 2019eix (originally classified as an SN Ic), from the day of its discovery up to 100 days after maximum brightness. Before maximum light, SN 2019eix rese…

Shock Cooling and Possible Precursor Emission in the Early Light Curve of the Type II SN 2023ixf Open

G. Hosseinzadeh, Joseph Farah, Manisha Shrestha, David J. Sand, Yize Dong , et al. · 2023

We present the densely sampled early light curve of the Type II supernova (SN) 2023ixf, first observed within hours of explosion in the nearby Pinwheel Galaxy (Messier 101; 6.7 Mpc). Comparing these data to recently updated models of shock…

SN 2019ewu: A Peculiar Supernova with Early Strong Carbon and Weak Oxygen Features from a New Sample of Young SN Ic Spectra Open

Marc Williamson, C. Vogl, M. Modjaz, Wolfgang Kerzendorf, Jaladh Singhal , et al. · 2023

With the advent of high-cadence, all-sky automated surveys, supernovae (SNe) are now discovered closer than ever to their dates of explosion. However, young premaximum light follow-up spectra of Type Ic SNe (SNe Ic), probably arising from …

SN 2019ewu: A Peculiar Supernova with Early Strong Carbon and Weak Oxygen Features from a New Sample of Young SN Ic Spectra Open

Marc Williamson, C. Vogl, M. Modjaz, Wolfgang Kerzendorf, Jaladh Singhal , et al. · 2022

With the advent of high cadence, all-sky automated surveys, supernovae (SNe) are now discovered closer than ever to their dates of explosion. However, young pre-maximum light follow-up spectra of Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic), probably arisi…

The Diverse Properties of Type Icn Supernovae Point to Multiple Progenitor Channels Open

C. Pellegrino, D. A. Howell, G. Terreran, I. Arcavi, K. Azalee Bostroem , et al. · 2022

We present a sample of Type Icn supernovae (SNe Icn), a newly discovered class of transients characterized by their interaction with H- and He-poor circumstellar material (CSM). This sample is the largest collection of SNe Icn to date and …

Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and TARDIS Models of the Broad-lined Type Ic Supernova 2014ad Open

Lindsey A. Kwok, Marc Williamson, Saurabh W. Jha, M. Modjaz, Yssavo Camacho-Neves , et al. · 2022

Few published ultraviolet (UV) spectra exist for stripped-envelope supernovae and none to date for broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic-bl). These objects have extremely high ejecta velocities and are the only supernova type directly lin…

Early-time Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and Optical Follow-up Observations of the Type IIP Supernova 2021yja Open

Sergiy S. Vasylyev, A. V. Filippenko, Christian R. Vogl, Thomas G. Brink, P. J. Brown , et al. · 2022

We present three epochs of early-time ultraviolet (UV) and optical HST/STIS spectroscopy of the young, nearby Type IIP supernova (SN) 2021yja. We complement the HST data with two earlier epochs of Swift UVOT spectroscopy. The HST and Swift…

Ultraviolet Spectroscopy and TARDIS Models of the Broad-lined Type-Ic Supernova 2014ad Open

Lindsey A. Kwok, Marc Williamson, Saurabh W. Jha, M. Modjaz, Yssavo Camacho-Neves , et al. · 2022

Few published ultraviolet (UV) spectra exist for stripped-envelope supernovae, and none to date for broad-lined Type Ic supernovae (SN Ic-bl). These objects have extremely high ejecta velocities and are the only supernova type directly lin…

CfA3: 185 TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA LIGHT CURVES FROM THE CfA Open

M. Hicken, P. Challis, Saurabh W. Jha, R. Kirshner, T. Matheson , et al. · 2021

We present multiband photometry of 185 type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), with over 11,500 observations. These were acquired between 2001 and 2008 at the F. L. Whipple Observatory of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). This sa…

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