Martin Picard
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View article: Electroconvulsive Therapy Induces Dopaminergic Axon Regeneration, Corticostriatal Remodeling, and Restoration of Motor Function in Parkinsonian Mice
Electroconvulsive Therapy Induces Dopaminergic Axon Regeneration, Corticostriatal Remodeling, and Restoration of Motor Function in Parkinsonian Mice Open
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of midbrain dopaminergic neurons with loss of axonal dopamine neurotransmission in the dorsal striatum, leading to striatal circuit dysfunction and debilitating moto…
View article: Examining saliva proteomic dynamics in mitochondrial diseases from a perspective of intrinsic health
Examining saliva proteomic dynamics in mitochondrial diseases from a perspective of intrinsic health Open
Mitochondrial disease (MitoD), a clinical condition caused by genetic mitochondrial defects, affects cellular energy transformation and alters multiple dimensions of health. Recently, we collected a longitudinal saliva proteomics data set …
View article: The Physiology Of the WEight Reduced State (POWERS) study: assessing energy balance
The Physiology Of the WEight Reduced State (POWERS) study: assessing energy balance Open
Background/objectives We provide the rationale for and description of energy balance measures (i.e., energy intake and energy expenditure) in The P hysiology O f the WE ight R educed S tate (POWERS) study which aims to understand the contr…
View article: The gut microbiome promotes mitochondrial respiration in the brain of a Parkinson’s disease mouse model
The gut microbiome promotes mitochondrial respiration in the brain of a Parkinson’s disease mouse model Open
The pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves gene-environment interactions that impair various cellular processes including mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria-associated mutations increase PD risk, respiration is altered i…
View article: Electron microscopy visualization of cell-free mitochondrial DNA–containing extracellular vesicles in human plasma, serum, and saliva
Electron microscopy visualization of cell-free mitochondrial DNA–containing extracellular vesicles in human plasma, serum, and saliva Open
Human biofluids contain cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and extracellular mitochondria (ex-Mito), creating the challenge of defining their origins, destinations, mechanisms of regulation, and purposes. To expand our understanding of…
View article: Diurnal dynamics and psychobiological regulation of cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in human saliva
Diurnal dynamics and psychobiological regulation of cell-free mitochondrial and nuclear DNA in human saliva Open
Cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) has emerged as a dynamic molecular signal responsive to psychological stress and a potential biomarker of stress-related physiological adaptations. While previous work has established the acute stress…
View article: Mitoception Via the Metabokine GDF15 and Human Health
Mitoception Via the Metabokine GDF15 and Human Health Open
To survive and thrive, living organisms must monitor and regulate cell-level energy supply, demand, and transformation. They do so through a brain-directed interoceptive process we refer to as “metaboception.” Here, we describe a specific …
View article: The Physiology of the WEight-Reduced State (POWERS) study: environmental, psychological, and social determinants of health
The Physiology of the WEight-Reduced State (POWERS) study: environmental, psychological, and social determinants of health Open
Intentional weight loss is often followed by unintentional weight regain. The causes of weight regain are uncertain but may include a myriad of responses that result in increased hunger and decreased energy expenditure. An individual's psy…
View article: Aberrant development of glutamatergic inputs to PV and SOM interneurons shape amygdala excitability and oscillatory dynamics after early life stress
Aberrant development of glutamatergic inputs to PV and SOM interneurons shape amygdala excitability and oscillatory dynamics after early life stress Open
Early-life stress (ELS) induces persistent amygdala dysfunction and affects amygdala-related emotional behaviors, yet the developmental and physiological mechanisms driving these effects remain poorly understood. Here, we provide a compreh…
View article: The Energy Resistance Principle
The Energy Resistance Principle Open
Living organisms are physical-energetic systems that must obey simple principles guiding energy transformation across physical and temporal scales. The Energy Resistance Principle (ERP) accounts for the behavior and transformation of energ…
View article: The Energy Resistance Principle
The Energy Resistance Principle Open
Living organisms are physical-energetic systems that must obey simple principles guiding energy transformation across physical and temporal scales. The Energy Resistance Principle (ERP) accounts for the behavior and transformation of energ…
View article: Urolithin A Abolishes High Anxiety and Rescues the Associated Mitochondria-Related Transcriptomic Signatures and Synaptic Function
Urolithin A Abolishes High Anxiety and Rescues the Associated Mitochondria-Related Transcriptomic Signatures and Synaptic Function Open
These findings position UA as a mechanistically supported intervention in preclinical models of heightened anxiety and provide systems-level insights into how mitochondrial pathways interface with synaptic function and circuit regulation i…
View article: Mitochondrial Energy Transformation Capacity Influences Brain Activation During Sensory, Affective, and Cognitive Tasks
Mitochondrial Energy Transformation Capacity Influences Brain Activation During Sensory, Affective, and Cognitive Tasks Open
Brain function relies on energy supplied by mitochondrial energy transformation, but how cellular energetics constrains neurological function and cognition remains poorly understood. Genetic defects in mitochondrial DNA cause rare mitochon…
View article: Intrinsic health as a foundation for a science of health
Intrinsic health as a foundation for a science of health Open
The health sciences largely focus on disease. However, the interconnected determinants of diseases suggest that we need a science of health, a framework to examine the biology of homeodynamics in a changing environment and how this affects…
View article: Mitoception Via the Metabokine GDF15 Drives Human Health and Behaviors
Mitoception Via the Metabokine GDF15 Drives Human Health and Behaviors Open
Living things must monitor and regulate cellular-level energy supply, demand, and transformation capacity to remain alive. They do so through a brain-directed interoceptive process we refer to as “metaboception.” Here, we introduce a speci…
View article: Saliva and Blood Cell-Free mtDNA Reactivity to Acute Psychosocial Stress
Saliva and Blood Cell-Free mtDNA Reactivity to Acute Psychosocial Stress Open
Human blood contains cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) that dynamically increases in concentration in response to acute mental stress. Like other neuroendocrine stress markers, we previously found that cf-mtDNA is also detectable in s…
View article: Effects of acute psychological stress on blood cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA): A crossover experimental study
Effects of acute psychological stress on blood cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA): A crossover experimental study Open
In response to acute stress, prior studies have found an increase in circulating cell-free mitochondrial DNA (cf-mtDNA) and pro-inflammatory cytokines, highlighting two potential inter-related mechanisms by which stressors can get under th…
View article: Brain–body mitochondrial distribution patterns lack coherence and point to tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms
Brain–body mitochondrial distribution patterns lack coherence and point to tissue-specific regulatory mechanisms Open
Energy transformation capacity is generally assumed to be a coherent individual trait driven by genetic and environmental factors. This predicts that some individuals should have consistently high, while others show consistently low mitoch…
View article: Energy Constraints on Human Health
Energy Constraints on Human Health Open
Evolved limits to the human energy budget force the body-brain system to operate an economy of energy. To survive and thrive, an organism’s limited internal energetic resources are dynamically reallocated by energy constraints that force t…
View article: Biopsychosocial Correlates of Resting and Stress-Reactive Salivary GDF15: Preliminary Findings
Biopsychosocial Correlates of Resting and Stress-Reactive Salivary GDF15: Preliminary Findings Open
Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is a biomarker of energetic stress related to aging, disease, and mitochondrial defects. We recently showed that GDF15 is quantifiable in saliva and acutely inducible by psychosocial stress. To date…
View article: The Energy Resistance Principle
The Energy Resistance Principle Open
Living organisms are physical-energetic systems that must obey simple principles guiding energy transformation across physical and temporal scales. The Energy Resistance Principle (ERP) accounts for the behavior and transformation of energ…
View article: A Quantitative Approach to Mapping Mitochondrial Specialization and Plasticity
A Quantitative Approach to Mapping Mitochondrial Specialization and Plasticity Open
Mitochondria are a diverse family of organelles that specialize to accomplish complimentary functions 1-3. All mitochondria share general features, but not all mitochondria are created equal 4.Here we develop a quantitative pipeline to def…
View article: Novel Pipelines to Extract Differences in Proteome Dynamics Based on Health Status
Novel Pipelines to Extract Differences in Proteome Dynamics Based on Health Status Open
Understanding dynamics and co-regulatory patterns in the human proteome is a promising path for unraveling the molecular basis of health and disease. Nevertheless, there remains an open challenge in extracting concise information from high…
View article: Mitotyping – An integrative framework to quantify mitochondrial specialization and plasticity
Mitotyping – An integrative framework to quantify mitochondrial specialization and plasticity Open
Mitochondria are a diverse family of organelles with highly specialized functions. While they share common features, their molecular and functional diversity remains underexplored. Here, we introduce a quantitative pipeline to define the d…
View article: Mitochondrial and Stress-Related Psychobiological Regulation of FGF21 in Humans
Mitochondrial and Stress-Related Psychobiological Regulation of FGF21 in Humans Open
FGF21 is a metabolic hormone induced by fasting, metabolic stress, and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) defects that cause mitochondrial diseases (MitoD). Here we report that acute psychosocial stress alone (without physica…
View article: Mapping the GDF15 Arm of the Integrated Stress Response in Human Cells and Tissues
Mapping the GDF15 Arm of the Integrated Stress Response in Human Cells and Tissues Open
Mitochondrial stress activates the integrated stress response (ISR) and triggers cell–cell communication through the secretion of the metabokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15). However, the gene network underlying the ISR remains…