Michael Schmid
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View article: The engineered monoclonal antibody tobevibart enhances HBsAg capture by Fc receptor positive cells leading to activation of HBV-specific T cells
The engineered monoclonal antibody tobevibart enhances HBsAg capture by Fc receptor positive cells leading to activation of HBV-specific T cells Open
Background & Aims Immune targeting is likely required for functional cure of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Tobevibart, a human monoclonal antibody against hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg), neutralizes HBV and hepatitis delta vi…
A phase 1 study in healthy volunteers to investigate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of VIR-2482: a monoclonal antibody for the prevention of severe influenza A illness Open
The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of VIR-2482 in healthy adult subjects. A phase 1, first-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose-escalation …
View article: Neutralization, effector function and immune imprinting of Omicron variants
Neutralization, effector function and immune imprinting of Omicron variants Open
Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants have acquired convergent mutations at hot spots in the receptor-binding domain 1 (RBD) of the spike protein. The effects of these mutations on viral infection and transmission and the efficacy of v…
View article: Potent broadly neutralizing antibody VIR-3434 controls hepatitis B and D virus infection and reduces HBsAg in humanized mice
Potent broadly neutralizing antibody VIR-3434 controls hepatitis B and D virus infection and reduces HBsAg in humanized mice Open
Chronic infection with hepatitis B virus and co-infection with hepatitis D virus place approximately 290 million individuals worldwide at risk of severe liver disease and cancer. Available treatments result in low rates of functional cure …
A pan-influenza antibody inhibiting neuraminidase via receptor mimicry Open
Rapidly evolving influenza A viruses (IAVs) and influenza B viruses (IBVs) are major causes of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections. Current influenza vaccines elicit antibodies predominantly to the highly variable head region of h…
View article: Therapeutic and vaccine-induced cross-reactive antibodies with effector function against emerging Omicron variants
Therapeutic and vaccine-induced cross-reactive antibodies with effector function against emerging Omicron variants Open
Currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants acquired convergent mutations at receptor-binding domain (RBD) hot spots 1 . Their impact on viral infection, transmission, and efficacy of vaccines and therapeutics remains poorly understood. Here…
View article: Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages
Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages Open
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity or vaccine boost…
View article: The potent broadly neutralizing antibody VIR-3434 controls Hepatitis B and D Virus infection and reduces HBsAg in humanized mice
The potent broadly neutralizing antibody VIR-3434 controls Hepatitis B and D Virus infection and reduces HBsAg in humanized mice Open
Background & Aims Chronic hepatitis B is a major global public health problem, and coinfection with hepatitis delta virus (HDV) worsens disease outcome. Here, we describe a hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg)-targeting monoclon…
Biodistribution of Sotrovimab, a SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibody, using PET imaging in cynomolgus monkey Open
Purpose Sotrovimab (VIR-7831), a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody (mAb), binds to a conserved epitope on the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD). The Fc region of VIR-7831 contains an LS modification to promote neonatal F…
Resilience of S309 and AZD7442 monoclonal antibody treatments against infection by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage strains Open
Omicron variant strains encode large numbers of changes in the spike protein compared to historical SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Although in vitro studies have suggested that several monoclonal antibody therapies lose neutralizing activity against…
View article: Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages
Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages Open
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations and represent an antigenic shift resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity or vaccine boosters result in pot…
Resilience of S309 and AZD7442 monoclonal antibody treatments against infection by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage strains Open
Omicron variant strains encode large numbers of changes in the spike protein compared to historical SARS-CoV-2 isolates. Although in vitro studies have suggested that several monoclonal antibody therapies lose neutralizing activity against…
View article: Structural basis for broad sarbecovirus neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody
Structural basis for broad sarbecovirus neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody Open
The recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) and the recurrent spillovers of coronaviruses in the human population highlight the need for broadly neutralizing antibodies that are not affected by the ongoing antigenic drift …
View article: The dual function monoclonal antibodies VIR-7831 and VIR-7832 demonstrate potent in vitro and in vivo activity against SARS-CoV-2
The dual function monoclonal antibodies VIR-7831 and VIR-7832 demonstrate potent in vitro and in vivo activity against SARS-CoV-2 Open
Sotrovimab (VIR-7831) and VIR-7832 are dual action monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Sotrovimab and VIR-7832 were derived from a parent antibody (…
Dengue Viruses Are Enhanced by Distinct Populations of Serotype Cross-Reactive Antibodies in Human Immune Sera Open
Dengue viruses (DENV) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses of global importance. DENV exist as four serotypes, DENV1-DENV4. Following a primary infection, individuals produce DENV-specific antibodies that bind only to the serotype of infection …
View article: Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms
Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms Open
A strong cocktail against SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is initiated by the trimeric spike protein that decorates the virus and binds the ACE2 receptor. Antibodies against the spike that …
Small-molecule inhibitors of TBK1 serve as an adjuvant for a plasmid-launched live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine Open
Plasmid-launched live-attenuated vaccines (PLLAV), also called infectious DNA (iDNA) vaccines, combine the assets of genetic immunization with the potency of replication-competent live viral vaccines. However, due to their origin as bacter…
A Chimeric Japanese Encephalitis Vaccine Protects against Lethal Yellow Fever Virus Infection without Inducing Neutralizing Antibodies Open
Efficient and safe vaccines against yellow fever (e.g., YFV-17D) that provide long-lasting protection by rapidly inducing neutralizing antibody responses exist. However, the vaccine supply cannot cope with an increasing demand posed by urb…
A chimeric Japanese encephalitis vaccine protects against lethal yellow fever virus infection without inducing neutralizing antibodies Open
Recent massive outbreaks of yellow fever virus (YFV) in West Africa and Brazil resulted in rapid depletion of global vaccine emergency stockpiles and raised concerns about being not prepared against future YFV epidemics. Here we report tha…
View article: Preparation of Mosquito Salivary Gland Extract and Intradermal Inoculation of Mice
Preparation of Mosquito Salivary Gland Extract and Intradermal Inoculation of Mice Open
Mosquito-transmitted pathogens are among the leading causes of severe disease and death in humans. Components within the saliva of mosquito vectors facilitate blood feeding, modulate host responses, and allow efficient transmission of path…