Explanipedia

Intersecting Risk Factors Associated With High Syphilis Seroprevalence Among a Street-Involved Population in Canada Open

Lucy Mackrell, Jillian P. Antoun, Megan Carter, Natasha Larkin, Jessica Burnside , et al. · 2025

Background Syphilis has reemerged as a global public health concern. In Ontario, Canada's most populous province, a 340% increase in infectious syphilis cases was observed between 2013 and 2023. This surge was accompanied by a demographic …

Application of a Dengue NS1 antigen based rapid diagnostic test to screen dengue virus infection in clinical settings in Indonesia Open

Ni Putu Diah Witari, Araniy Fadhilah, Farah N. Coutrier, Yora Permata Dewi, Asri Lestarini , et al. · 2025

Background: Dengue virus (DENV) is hyperendemic in Indonesia and of high public health concern globally. Without an effective antiviral therapy, an accurate diagnosis of the four viruses, DENV1-4, is crucial for patient management and outc…

Rickettsia sp. DNA recovered from a febrile patient from Papua, Indonesia Open

Edison Johar, Ida Yus Sriyani, Yora Permata Dewi, Agatha Mia Puspitasari, Fahira Ainun Nisa , et al. · 2025

These findings suggest the presence of a divergent Rickettsia lineage in Papua, Indonesia. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Rickettsia DNA sequences obtained from a human case in this region.

Central nervous system infection in a pediatric population in West Java Open

Dewi Hawani Alisjahbana, Syndi Nurmawati, Mia Milanti, Hofiya Djauhari, Jeremy P. Ledermann , et al. · 2023

Central nervous system (CNS) viral infections are critical causes of morbidity and mortality in children; however, comprehensive data on etiology is lacking in developing countries such as Indonesia. To study the etiology of CNS infections…

Developing a Prototype Pathogen Plan and Research Priorities for the Alphaviruses Open

Ann M. Powers, Lauren E. Williamson, Robert H. Carnahan, James E. Crowe, Jennifer Hyde , et al. · 2023

The Togaviridae family, genus, Alphavirus, includes several mosquito-borne human pathogens with the potential to spread to near pandemic proportions. Most of these are zoonotic, with spillover infections of humans and domestic animals, but…

Travel history among persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern in the United States, December 2020—February 2021 Open

Alicia Dunajcik, Kambria Haire, Jennifer D. Thomas, Leah F. Moriarty, Yuri P. Springer , et al. · 2023

The first three SARS-CoV-2 phylogenetic lineages classified as variants of concern (VOCs) in the United States (U.S.) from December 15, 2020 to February 28, 2021, Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), and Gamma (P.1) lineages, were initially de…

Yata Virus (Family Rhabdoviridae, Genus Ephemerovirus) Isolation from Mosquitoes from Uganda, the First Reported Isolation since 1969 Open

Lara C. Perinet, John-Paul Mutebi, Ann M. Powers, Julius J. Lutwama, Eric C. Mossel · 2023

As a part of a systematic study of mosquitoes and associated viruses in Uganda, a virus was isolated from a pool of Mansonia uniformis collected in July 2017, in the Kitgum District of northern Uganda. Sequence analysis determined that the…

Identification of mosquito proteins that differentially interact with alphavirus nonstructural protein 3, a determinant of vector specificity Open

Nathaniel M. Byers, Paul Burns, Olga Stuchlik, Matthew S. Reed, Jeremy P. Ledermann , et al. · 2023

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and the closely related onyong-nyong virus (ONNV) are arthritogenic arboviruses that have caused significant, often debilitating, disease in millions of people. However, despite their kinship, they are vectored by…

Exposure of Egyptian Rousette Bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) and a Little Free-Tailed Bat (Chaerephon pumilus) to Alphaviruses in Uganda Open

Rebekah C. Kading, Erin M. Borland, Eric C. Mossel, Teddy Nakayiki, Betty Nalikka , et al. · 2022

The reservoir for zoonotic o’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) has remained unknown since this virus was first recognized in Uganda in 1959. Building on existing evidence for mosquito blood-feeding on various frugivorous bat species in Uganda, and …

Complete Genome Sequence of O’nyong Nyong Virus Isolated from a Febrile Patient in 2017 in Uganda Open

Jeremy P. Ledermann, John Kayiwa, Lara C. Perinet, Titus Apangu, Sarah Acayo , et al. · 2022

Despite causing numerous large outbreaks in the 20th century, few isolates of o’nyong nyong virus (ONNV) have been fully sequenced. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of an isolate of ONNV obtained from a febrile patient in north…

Neurological Disease Associated with Chikungunya in Indonesia Open

Khin Saw Aye Myint, Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, Sotianingsih Haryanto, Darma Imran, Sofiati Dian , et al. · 2022

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is recognized but rarely considered as a cause of central nervous system infection in endemic areas. A total of 244 patients with acute meningoencephalitis in Indonesia were retrospectively tested to identify whet…

The global epidemiology of chikungunya from 1999 to 2020: A systematic literature review to inform the development and introduction of vaccines Open

Alison A. Bettis, Maïna L’Azou, In-Kyu Yoon, J. Gabrielle Breugelmans, Ana Goios , et al. · 2022

Chikungunya fever is an acute febrile illness that is often associated with severe polyarthralgia in humans. The disease is caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV), a mosquito-borne alphavirus. Since its reemergence in 2004, the virus has spre…

Resurgence of Interest in Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Development Open

Ann M. Powers · 2021

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV; Family Togaviridae), is an endemic pathogen first isolated in 1933 with distribution primarily in the eastern US and Canada. The virus has caused periodic outbreaks in both humans and equines along …

Stability of Zika Virus Antibodies in Specimens from a Retrospective Serological Study Open

R. Tedjo Sasmono, Edison Johar, Benediktus Yohan, Chairin Nisa Ma’roef, Amin Soebandrio , et al. · 2021

We would like to respond to the letter by Zhang and others regarding our study published in the American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1 Our serum samples were all stored in annually calibrated -80 C freezers.The samples were o…

Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Zika Virus Transmission in Indonesia: Serosurveillance Data from a Pediatric Population Open

R. Tedjo Sasmono, Edison Johar, Benediktus Yohan, Chairin Nisa Ma’roef, Paul Pronyk , et al. · 2021

The presence of Zika virus (ZIKV) in Indonesia has been recognized since the 1970s, but its transmission dynamics there have been poorly understood. To understand more fully the geographic distribution and burden of ZIKV infection, we perf…

Detection of dengue virus serotype 1 in central nervous system of a child in Bandung, West Java: A case report Open

Dewi Hawani Alisjahbana, Syndi Nurmawati, Dzulfikar Dl Hakim, Mia Milanti, Yora Permata Dewi , et al. · 2021

Central nervous system involvement of dengue virus is increasingly reported from endemic areas. This study describes the clinical characteristics and laboratory features of a pediatric patient enrolled in a central nervous system illness s…

An investig-ation into the epidemiology of chikungunya virus across neglected regions of Indonesia Open

Samuel Stubbs, Edison Johar, Frilasita A. Yudhaputri, Benediktus Yohan, Marsha S. Santoso , et al. · 2020

Background Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an important emerging and re-emerging public health problem worldwide. In Indonesia, where the virus is endemic, epidemiological information from outside of the main islands of Java and Bali is limit…

High Rates of O’Nyong Nyong and Chikungunya Virus Transmission in Coastal Kenya Open

A. Desiree LaBeaud, Tamara Banda, Julie Brichard, Eric M. Muchiri, Peter Mungai , et al. · 2020

BackgroundChikungunya virus (CHIKV) and o’nyong nyong virus (ONNV) are mosquito-borne alphaviruses endemic in East Africa that cause acute febrile illness and arthritis. The objectives of this study were to measure the seroprevalence of CH…

Acknowledgments Open

Doug Simmons, Eric Weisbard, Rob Harvilla, Dave Dimartino, Bill Holdship , et al. · 2020

Why Music Sucks; Dellio (again) at Radio On; William Bloody Swygart at Singles Jukebox

Japanese encephalitis virus infection in non-encephalitic acute febrile illness patients Open

Chairin Nisa Ma’roef, Rama Dhenni, Dewi Megawati, Araniy Fadhilah, Anton Lucanus , et al. · 2020

Although Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is considered endemic in Indonesia, there are only limited reports of JEV infection from a small number of geographic areas within the country with the majority of these being neuroinvasive diseas…

Rickettsia felis identified in two fatal cases of acute meningoencephalitis Open

Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, Edison Johar, Riane Anggraeni, Feliana Feliana, Janno B. B. Bernadus , et al. · 2020

The identification of R. felis in the CSF of two fatal cases of meningoencephalitis in Indonesia suggests the distribution and pathogenicity of this emerging vector-borne bacteria might be greater than generally recognized. Typically Ricke…

Absence of Evidence of Zika Virus Infection in Cord Blood and Urine from Newborns with Congenital Abnormalities, Indonesia Open

Nina Dwi Putri, Rama Dhenni, Setyo Handryastuti, Edison Johar, Chairin Nisa Ma’roef , et al. · 2020

Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently been confirmed as endemic in Indonesia, but no congenital anomalies (CA) related to ZIKV infection have been reported. We performed molecular and serological testing for ZIKV and other flaviviruses on cord se…

Endemicity of Zika virus in Indonesia: serological evidence in pediatric population Open

R. Tedjo Sasmono, Rama Dhenni, Benediktus Yohan, Paul Pronyk, Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro , et al. · 2019

Purpose: Zika virus (ZIKV) has been reported in Indonesia for decades and the recent ZIKV isolation in 2014 provides evidence of its active circulation. Although detected, details on ZIKV prevalence and distribution across Indonesian archi…

Detection of central nervous system viral infections in adults in Manado, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Open

Arthur H.P. Mawuntu, Janno B. B. Bernadus, Rama Dhenni, Ageng Wiyatno, Riane Anggreani , et al. · 2018

Central nervous system (CNS) viral infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide but the systematic survey of patients admitted to hospitals with CNS infections in many countries, including Indonesia, is limited. To …

Zika Virus Seropositivity in 1–4-Year-Old Children, Indonesia, 2014 Open

R. Tedjo Sasmono, Rama Dhenni, Benediktus Yohan, Paul Pronyk, Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro , et al. · 2018

We assessed Zika virus seroprevalence among healthy 1-4-year-old children using a serum sample collection assembled in 2014 representing 30 urban sites across Indonesia. Of 662 samples, 9.1% were Zika virus seropositive, suggesting widespr…

ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Togaviridae Open

Rubing Chen, Suchetana Mukhopadhyay, Andres Merits, Bethany G. Bolling, Farooq Nasar , et al. · 2018

The Togaviridae is a family of small, enveloped viruses with single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genomes of 10–12 kb. Within the family, the genus Alphavirus includes a large number of diverse species, while the genus Rubivirus includes th…

Bunyavirus Taxonomy: Limitations and Misconceptions Associated with the Current ICTV Criteria Used for Species Demarcation Open

Bradley J. Blitvich, Barry J. Beaty, Carol D. Blair, Aaron C. Brault, Gerhard Dobler , et al. · 2018

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) has implemented numerous changes to the taxonomic classification of bunyaviruses over the years. Whereas most changes have been justified and necessary because of the need to accomm…

Asymptomatic or Mild Febrile Cases of Madariaga: The Base of the Iceberg? Open

Ann M. Powers · 2018

Mosquitoes of Northwestern Uganda Open

J.-P. Mutebi, Mary B. Crabtree, Rebekah C. Kading, Ann M. Powers, Jeremy P. Ledermann , et al. · 2018

Despite evidence of arbovirus activity in northwestern Uganda (West Nile Sub-region), there is very limited information on the mosquito fauna of this region. The only published study reported 52 mosquito species in northwestern Uganda but …

Isolation and complete genome analysis of neurotropic dengue virus serotype 3 from the cerebrospinal fluid of an encephalitis patient Open

Rama Dhenni, Mulya Rahma Karyanti, Nina Dwi Putri, Benediktus Yohan, Frilasita A. Yudhaputri , et al. · 2018

Although neurological manifestations associated with dengue viruses (DENV) infection have been reported, there is very limited information on the genetic characteristics of neurotropic DENV. Here we describe the isolation and complete geno…

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