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View article: Emerging Climate Signals in Oxygen Minimum Zones
Emerging Climate Signals in Oxygen Minimum Zones Open
The ocean is losing oxygen due to anthropogenic climate change. This loss is particularly worrying when it occurs in naturally low-oxygen regions, such as the Oxygen Minimum Zones (OMZs) found at mid-depth in tropical oceans, because the e…
View article: The 2025 Starfish Barometer
The 2025 Starfish Barometer Open
International audience
View article: “Living on the edge”Fine-scale observations reveal distinct frontal phytoplankton communities
“Living on the edge”Fine-scale observations reveal distinct frontal phytoplankton communities Open
Phytoplankton community composition plays a key role in oceanic productivity and in the biological carbon pump. A few in situ surveys have shown the structuring role of fine-scale physical processes (1-100 km, day-weeks), in particular fro…
View article: Inadequacies in the representation of sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in Earth system models
Inadequacies in the representation of sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in Earth system models Open
Sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics on timescales between 8 d and 3 months significantly contribute to annual fluctuations, making it essential to accurately represent this variability in ocean models to avoid distorting long-term trends. …
View article: The 2025 Starfish Barometer
The 2025 Starfish Barometer Open
The Ocean is essential to life on Earth, regulates the climate, supports rich biodiversity, sustains livelihoods, and inspires cultures and societies. However, unregulated human impacts are putting the Ocean and its ability to contribute t…
View article: Bridging scales and knowledge to improve present and future assessments of ocean health
Bridging scales and knowledge to improve present and future assessments of ocean health Open
Assessing the state of ocean health is crucial to gauge the magnitude of challenges and to evaluate the effectiveness of potential solutions. This requires bridging two complementary dimensions. First, at the level of biological, physical …
View article: Building equitable partnerships with countries of the Global South, the core of IRD's commitment to ocean sciences
Building equitable partnerships with countries of the Global South, the core of IRD's commitment to ocean sciences Open
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals requires equitable scientific partnership and a transdisciplinary, citizen-based approach to science. The French Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), which has just celebrated it…
View article: Mapping global phytoplankton community structure and diversity from space for ecosystem insights
Mapping global phytoplankton community structure and diversity from space for ecosystem insights Open
Phytoplankton are essential to marine ecosystems and the global carbon cycle, with their structure, diversity, and functions influenced by a complex mix of biotic and abiotic factors. Yet, the link between phytoplankton diversity and ecosy…
View article: ”Living on the edge”: Fine-scale observations of frontal phytoplankton communities
”Living on the edge”: Fine-scale observations of frontal phytoplankton communities Open
Phytoplankton communities, shaped by complex water dynamics, are vital to ecosystem structure and play a key role in oceanic productivity and the biological carbon pump. Previous studies suggest that fine-scale O(1-100km, day-week) physica…
View article: Deep learning algorithm to uncover links between satellite-derived physical drivers and biological fields.
Deep learning algorithm to uncover links between satellite-derived physical drivers and biological fields. Open
Understanding the dynamics of phytoplankton communities in response to physicalenvironmental changes is essential for evaluating the impact of climate change on marineecosystems. Satellite observations provide a rich dataset spanning over …
View article: Can we really estimate trends in phytoplankton abundance and community structure over the 25 year ocean colour satellite era ?
Can we really estimate trends in phytoplankton abundance and community structure over the 25 year ocean colour satellite era ? Open
Phytoplankton abundance and community structure are crucial to the natural carbon cycle and the sustainability of marine ecosystems. However, their long-term natural variability and their response to anthropogenic climate change remai…
View article: Toward more robust net primary production projections in the North Atlantic Ocean
Toward more robust net primary production projections in the North Atlantic Ocean Open
Phytoplankton plays a crucial role in both climate regulation and marine biodiversity, yet it faces escalating threats due to climate change. Understanding future changes in phytoplankton biomass and productivity under climate change requi…
View article: Contemporary decline in northern Indian Ocean primary production offset by rising atmospheric nitrogen deposition
Contemporary decline in northern Indian Ocean primary production offset by rising atmospheric nitrogen deposition Open
Since 1980, atmospheric pollutants in South Asia and India have dramatically increased in response to industrialization and agricultural development, enhancing the atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen in the northern Indian Oce…
View article: Total and anthropogenic inorganic carbon fluxes in the Southern Ocean mixed layer from an eddying global ocean model
Total and anthropogenic inorganic carbon fluxes in the Southern Ocean mixed layer from an eddying global ocean model Open
The Southern Ocean (SO) south of 35°S represents a small source of natural inorganic carbon for the atmosphere but a major sink of anthropogenic carbon. The magnitude of the total (natural plus anthropogenic) carbon sink strongly depends o…
View article: Inadequacies in the representation of sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in Earth system models
Inadequacies in the representation of sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics in Earth system models Open
Sub-seasonal phytoplankton dynamics on timescales between 8 days and 3 months significantly contribute to annual fluctuations, making it essential to accurately represent this variability in ocean models to avoid distorting long-term trend…
View article: Toward more robust NPP projections in the North Atlantic Ocean
Toward more robust NPP projections in the North Atlantic Ocean Open
Phytoplankton plays a crucial role in both climate regulation and marine biodiversity, yet it faces escalating threats due to climate change. Projecting the future changes in phytoplankton biomass and productivity under climate change requ…
View article: Linking Satellite and physics-informed Data with Phytoplankton communities Using Deep Learning
Linking Satellite and physics-informed Data with Phytoplankton communities Using Deep Learning Open
Understanding Phytoplankton community dynamics in response to environmental shifts is crucial for assessing the impact of climate change on marine biology. To this end, satellite observations offer a dataset spanning two decades, capturing…
View article: Nitrogen fixation as a key diverging factor of primary production projections in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean in CMIP6 models
Nitrogen fixation as a key diverging factor of primary production projections in the subtropical North Atlantic Ocean in CMIP6 models Open
Human-induced climate change is expected to have a significant impact on primary production in the world's oceans, affecting marine ecosystems and the biological carbon pump. The sixth phase of the Coupled-Models Intercomparison Project (C…
View article: Evidence for Kilometer‐Scale Biophysical Features at the Gulf Stream Front
Evidence for Kilometer‐Scale Biophysical Features at the Gulf Stream Front Open
Understanding the interplay of ocean physics and biology at the submesoscale and below (<30 km) is an ongoing challenge in oceanography. While poorly constrained, these scales may be of critical importance for understanding how changing oc…
View article: Linking satellites to genes with machine learning to estimate phytoplankton community structure from space
Linking satellites to genes with machine learning to estimate phytoplankton community structure from space Open
Ocean color remote sensing has been used for more than 2 decades to estimate primary productivity. Approaches have also been developed to disentangle phytoplankton community structure based on spectral data from space, in particular when c…
View article: Stronger Oceanic CO<sub>2</sub> Sink in Eddy‐Resolving Simulations of Global Warming
Stronger Oceanic CO<sub>2</sub> Sink in Eddy‐Resolving Simulations of Global Warming Open
Accurately representing the ocean carbon cycle in Earth System Models (ESMs) is essential to understanding the oceanic CO 2 sink evolution under CO 2 emissions and global warming. A key uncertainty arises from the ESM's inability to explic…