Mark E. Whiting
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View article: A community‐driven vision for a new knowledge resource for AI
A community‐driven vision for a new knowledge resource for AI Open
The long‐standing goal of creating a comprehensive, multi‐purpose knowledge resource, reminiscent of the 1984 Cyc project, still persists in AI. Despite the success of knowledge resources like WordNet, ConceptNet, Wolfram|Alpha and other c…
View article: AI Hasn't Fixed Teamwork, But It Shifted Collaborative Culture: A Longitudinal Study in a Project-Based Software Development Organization (2023-2025)
AI Hasn't Fixed Teamwork, But It Shifted Collaborative Culture: A Longitudinal Study in a Project-Based Software Development Organization (2023-2025) Open
When AI entered the workplace, many believed it could reshape teamwork as profoundly as it boosted individual productivity. Would AI finally ease the longstanding challenges of team collaboration? Our findings suggested a more complicated …
View article: Empirically evaluating commonsense intelligence in large language models with large-scale human judgments
Empirically evaluating commonsense intelligence in large language models with large-scale human judgments Open
Commonsense intelligence in machines is often assessed by static benchmarks that compare a model's output against human-prescribed correct labels. An important, albeit implicit, assumption of these labels is that they accurately capture wh…
View article: A framework for quantifying individual and collective common sense
A framework for quantifying individual and collective common sense Open
The notion of common sense is invoked so frequently in contexts as diverse as everyday conversation, political debates, and evaluations of artificial intelligence that its meaning might be surmised to be unproblematic. Surprisingly, howeve…
View article: Tasks Beyond Taxonomies: A Multidimensional Design Space for Team Tasks
Tasks Beyond Taxonomies: A Multidimensional Design Space for Team Tasks Open
Many experimental studies of team performance involve teams working on one specific task or at most a handful of tasks; thus, it is natural to ask how the results of any such study generalize to tasks other than the one(s) studied. Unfortu…
View article: Tasks Beyond Taxonomies: A Multidimensional Design Space for Team Tasks
Tasks Beyond Taxonomies: A Multidimensional Design Space for Team Tasks Open
Many experimental studies of team performance involve teams working on one specific task or at most a handful of tasks; thus, it is natural to ask how the results of any such study generalize to tasks other than the one(s) studied. Unfortu…
View article: Replies to commentaries on Beyond Playing 20 Questions with Nature
Replies to commentaries on Beyond Playing 20 Questions with Nature Open
Commentaries on the target article offer diverse perspectives on integrative experiment design. Our responses engage three themes: (1) Disputes of our characterization of the problem. (2) Skepticism towards our proposed solution. (3) Endor…
View article: Beyond Playing 20 Questions with Nature: Integrative Experiment Design in the Social and Behavioral Sciences
Beyond Playing 20 Questions with Nature: Integrative Experiment Design in the Social and Behavioral Sciences Open
The dominant paradigm of experiments in the social and behavioral sciences views an experiment as a test of a theory, where the theory is assumed to generalize beyond the experiment’s specific conditions. According to this view, which Alan…
View article: COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information
COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information Open
Main Dataset Attributes (npi_data/*.xlsx) FIPS: FIPS of the county. Location name: Name of the county. NPI measure: Type of NPI measure. Start Date: Date the NPI was first started. End Date: Date the NPI was first lifted. Start Link: Sourc…
View article: COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information
COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information Open
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View article: COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information
COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions: Data Annotation for Rapidly Changing Local Policy Information Open
Main Dataset Attributes (npi_data/*.xlsx) FIPS: FIPS of the county. Location name: Name of the county. NPI measure: Type of NPI measure. Start Date: Date the NPI was first started. End Date: Date the NPI was first lifted. Start Link: Sourc…
View article: Are Deepfakes Concerning? Analyzing Conversations of Deepfakes on Reddit and Exploring Societal Implications
Are Deepfakes Concerning? Analyzing Conversations of Deepfakes on Reddit and Exploring Societal Implications Open
Deepfakes are synthetic content generated using advanced deep learning and AI technologies. The advancement of technology has created opportunities for anyone to create and share deepfakes much easier. This may lead to societal concerns ba…
View article: Inducing Vascular Grammars for Anomaly Classification in Brain Angiograms
Inducing Vascular Grammars for Anomaly Classification in Brain Angiograms Open
As machine learning is used to make strides in medical diagnostics, few methods provide heuristics from which human doctors can learn directly. This work introduces a method for leveraging human observable structures, such as macroscale va…
View article: Scaling up experimental social, behavioral, and economic science
Scaling up experimental social, behavioral, and economic science Open
The standard experimental paradigm in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences is extremely limited. Although recent advances in digital technologies and crowdsourcing services allow individual experiments to be deployed and run faste…
View article: Scaling up experimental social, behavioral, and economic science
Scaling up experimental social, behavioral, and economic science Open
The standard experimental paradigm in the social, behavioral, and economic sciences is extremely limited. Although recent advances in digital technologies and crowdsourcing services allow individual experiments to be deployed and run faste…
View article: My Team Will Go On
My Team Will Go On Open
Understanding team viability --- a team's capacity for sustained and future success --- is essential for building effective teams. In this study, we aggregate features drawn from the organizational behavior literature to train a viability …
View article: My Team Will Go On: Differentiating High and Low Viability Teams through Team Interaction
My Team Will Go On: Differentiating High and Low Viability Teams through Team Interaction Open
Understanding team viability -- a team's capacity for sustained and future success -- is essential for building effective teams. In this study, we aggregate features drawn from the organizational behavior literature to train a viability cl…
View article: Parallel Worlds: Repeated Initializations of the Same Team to Improve Team Viability
Parallel Worlds: Repeated Initializations of the Same Team to Improve Team Viability Open
A team's early interactions are influential: small behaviors cascade, driving the team either toward successful collaboration or toward fracture. Would a team be more viable if it could undo initial interactional missteps and try again? We…
View article: Did It Have To End This Way?
Did It Have To End This Way? Open
Was a problematic team always doomed to frustration, or could it have ended another way? In this paper, we study the consistency of team fracture: a loss of team viability so severe that the team no longer wants to work together. Understan…
View article: Fair Work: Crowd Work Minimum Wage with One Line of Code
Fair Work: Crowd Work Minimum Wage with One Line of Code Open
Accurate task pricing in microtask marketplaces requires substantial effort via trial and error, contributing to a pattern of worker underpayment. In response, we introduce Fair Work, enabling requesters to automatically pay their workers …
View article: Boomerang: Rebounding the Consequences of Reputation Feedback on Crowdsourcing Platforms
Boomerang: Rebounding the Consequences of Reputation Feedback on Crowdsourcing Platforms Open
Paid crowdsourcing platforms suffer from low-quality work and unfair rejections, but paradoxically, most workers and requesters have high reputation scores. These inflated scores, which make high-quality work and workers difficult to find,…
View article: Tasker: Safely Serving Verifiable Micro-tasks for Researchers
Tasker: Safely Serving Verifiable Micro-tasks for Researchers Open
Paid crowdsourcing removes many traditional boundaries in conducting participant based research, however with this new tool, new instrumentation challenges have arisen for researchers. Three common challenges include: the difficulty in cre…
View article: Prototype Tasks: Improving Crowdsourcing Results through Rapid, Iterative Task Design
Prototype Tasks: Improving Crowdsourcing Results through Rapid, Iterative Task Design Open
Low-quality results have been a long-standing problem on microtask crowdsourcing platforms, driving away requesters and justifying low wages for workers. To date, workers have been blamed for low-quality results: they are said to make as l…
View article: Crowd Guilds
Crowd Guilds Open
Crowd workers are distributed and decentralized. While decentralization is\ndesigned to utilize independent judgment to promote high-quality results, it\nparadoxically undercuts behaviors and institutions that are critical to\nhigh-quality…
View article: Anomaly Classification Through Automated Shape Grammar Representation
Anomaly Classification Through Automated Shape Grammar Representation Open
Statistical learning offers a trove of opportunities for problems where a large amount of data is available but falls short when data are limited. For example, in medicine, statistical learning has been used to outperform dermatologists in…
View article: Crowd Guilds: Worker-led Reputation and Feedback on Crowdsourcing Platforms
Crowd Guilds: Worker-led Reputation and Feedback on Crowdsourcing Platforms Open
Crowd workers are distributed and decentralized. While decentralization is designed to utilize independent judgment to promote high-quality results, it paradoxically undercuts behaviors and institutions that are critical to high-quality wo…