Mark L. Eberhard
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Population genomic evidence that human and animal infections in Africa come from the same populations of Dracunculus medinensis Open
Background Guinea worm– Dracunculus medinensis– was historically one of the major parasites of humans and has been known since antiquity. Now, Guinea worm is on the brink of eradication, as efforts to interrupt transmission have reduced th…
Human Challenge Pilot Study with Cyclospora cayetanensis Open
We describe a pilot study that attempted to infect human volunteers with Cyclospora cayetanensis. Seven healthy volunteers ingested an inoculum of Cyclospora oocysts (approximately 200–49,000 oocysts). The volunteers did not experience sym…
Dracunculus Species in Meso-Mammals from Georgia, United States, and Implications for the Guinea Worm Eradication Program in Chad, Africa Open
The prevalence and diversity of parasitic nematodes in wildlife have been well studied for certain species, yet for others considerable gaps in knowledge exist. The parasitic nematode Dracunculus insignis infects North American wildlife, a…
Population genomic evidence that human and animal infections in Africa come from the same populations of <i>Dracunculus medinensis</i> Open
Background Guinea worm – Dracunculus medinensis – was historically one of the major parasites of humans and has been known since antiquity. Now, Guinea worm is on the brink of eradication, as efforts to interrupt transmission have reduced …
A search for tiny dragons (Dracunculus medinensis third-stage larvae) in aquatic animals in Chad, Africa Open
Dracunculus medinensis , or human Guinea worm (GW), causes a painful and debilitating infection. The global Guinea Worm Eradication Program (GWEP) has successfully reduced human GW cases from 3.5 million in 21 countries in 1986 to only 30 …
Economic impact of malaria-related hospitalizations in the United States, 2000–2014 Open
Malaria resulted in substantial direct and indirect costs in the US. Primary and secondary prevention measures should be prioritized among high-risk groups to reduce the economic burden.
Development of Onchocerca volvulus in humanized NSG mice and detection of parasite biomarkers in urine and serum Open
The newly identified mouse models for onchocerciasis will enable the development of O. volvulus specific biomarkers, screening for new therapeutic approaches and potentially studying the human immune response to infection with O. volvulus.
Population genetic analysis of Chadian Guinea worms reveals that human and non-human hosts share common parasite populations Open
Following almost 10 years of no reported cases, Guinea worm disease (GWD or dracunculiasis) reemerged in Chad in 2010 with peculiar epidemiological patterns and unprecedented prevalence of infection among non-human hosts, particularly dome…
View article: Dracunculiasis Eradication: Are We There Yet?
Dracunculiasis Eradication: Are We There Yet? Open
This report summarizes the status of the global Dracunculiasis Eradication Program as of the end of 2017. Dracunculiasis (guinea worm disease) has been eliminated from 19 of 21 countries where it was endemic in 1986, when an estimated 3.5 …
Progress Toward Global Eradication of Dracunculiasis, January 2016–June 2017 Open
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by the parasite Dracunculus medinensis and is acquired by drinking water containing copepods (water fleas) infected with D. medinensis larvae. The worm typically emerges through the skin on a …
Translating Research into Reality: Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis from Haiti Open
Research provides the essential foundation of disease elimination programs, including the global program to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (GPELF). The development and validation of new diagnostic tools and intervention strategies, critica…
Possible Role of Fish as Transport Hosts for <i>Dracunculus</i> spp. Larvae Open
To inform Dracunculus medinensis (Guinea worm) eradication efforts, we evaluated the role of fish as transport hosts for Dracunculus worms. Ferrets fed fish that had ingested infected copepods became infected, highlighting the importance o…
Malaria-Related Hospitalizations in the United States, 2000–2014 Open
Few data are available on the burden of malaria hospitalization in the United States. Study of malaria using hospital-based data can better define the impact of malaria and help inform prevention efforts. U.S. malaria cases identified from…
Skin snips have no role in programmatic evaluations for onchocerciasis elimination: a reply to Bottomley et al. Open
A critique of the recommendation that skin snips be used for post-MDA surveillance of formerly endemic onchocerciasis areas is provided. After considering several fundamental aspects of the use of this methodology within the context of pro…
Progress Toward Global Eradication of Dracunculiasis —January 2015–June 2016 Open
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease) is caused by Dracunculus medinensis, a parasitic worm. Approximately 1 year after a person acquires infection from drinking contaminated water, the worm emerges through the skin, usually on the leg. Pai…
Guinea Worm (<i>Dracunculus medinensis</i>) Infection in a Wild-Caught Frog, Chad Open
A third-stage (infective) larva of Dracunculus medinensis, the causative agent of Guinea worm disease, was recovered from a wild-caught Phrynobatrachus francisci frog in Chad. Although green frogs (Lithobates clamitans) have been experimen…
Possible Role of Fish and Frogs as Paratenic Hosts of<i>Dracunculus medinensis</i>, Chad Open
Copepods infected with Dracunculus medinensis larvae collected from infected dogs in Chad were fed to 2 species of fish and tadpoles. Although they readily ingested copepods, neither species of fish, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) no…