Explanipedia

A Ras-like GTPase in African trypanosomes Open

Margaret Lowenstein, Alejandro F. Ramı́rez, Mark C. Field · 2025

Small Ras-like GTPases are conserved across eukaryotes and mediate many functions. Trypanosoma brucei encodes only three putative open reading frames belonging to Ras and Rho subfamilies, all highly divergent from other taxa. We investigat…

Comprehensive analysis of the Kinetoplastea intron landscape reveals a novel intron-containing gene and the first exclusively trans-splicing eukaryote Open

Alexei Yu. Kostygov, Karolína Skýpalová, Natalia Kraeva, Elora Kalita, Cameron W. McLeod , et al. · 2024

Pass the boron: benzoxaboroles as antiparasite drugs Open

Martin Zoltner, David Horn, Mark C. Field · 2024

Roles of cytokines in modulating Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection outcomes in vervet monkeys Open

Vincent O. Adung’a, Clara Jebet, Thuita John, Daniel Masiga, Oidho John , et al. · 2024

Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), caused by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, remains a threat in east and southern African regions. The disease is widely categorised as acute, but often presents varying clinical outcomes that could also …

Precision frequency tuning of tunable transmon qubits using alternating-bias assisted annealing Open

Xiqiao Wang, Joel Howard, Eyob A. Sete, Greg Stiehl, Cameron Kopas , et al. · 2024

Superconducting quantum processors are one of the leading platforms for realizing scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC). The recent demonstration of post-fabrication tuning of Josephson junctions using alternating-bias assiste…

Identification and Validation of Compounds Targeting <i>Leishmania major</i> Leucyl-Aminopeptidase M17 Open

Mirtha E. Aguado, Sandra Carvalho, Mario E. Valdés‐Tresanco, De Lin, Norma E. Padilla-Mejía , et al. · 2024

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease; there is currently no vaccine and treatment is reliant upon a handful of drugs suffering from multiple issues including toxicity and resistance. There is a critical need for development of new…

A lineage-specific protein network at the trypanosome nuclear envelope Open

Erin R. Butterfield, Samson O. Obado, Simon R. Scutts, Wenzhu Zhang, Brian T. Chait , et al. · 2024

The nuclear envelope (NE) separates translation and transcription and is the location of multiple functions, including chromatin organization and nucleocytoplasmic transport. The molecular basis for many of these functions have diverged be…

Correction: Proteasome and thiol involvement in quality control of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor addition Open

Barry Wilbourn, Darren Nesbeth, Linda Wainwright, Mark C. Field · 2024

The authors of the original article "Proteasome and thiol involvement in quality control of glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor addition" DOI: 10.1042/bj3320111: Wilbourn et al., Biochem. J.332, 111–118 (1998) would like to correct Figure …

Targeted protein degradation of the CPSF complex by benzoxaboroles through sumoylation Open

Ning Zhang, Abdul Samad, Farnaz Zahedifard, Richard J. Wall, David Horn , et al. · 2024

Benzoxaboroles (BoBs) feature a boron-heterocyclic core and are an important innovation in the development of drugs against a range of pathogens and other pathologies. A broad spectrum of pharmacology is associated with chemically diverse …

Identification of a potent and selective LAPTc inhibitor by RapidFire-Mass Spectrometry, with antichagasic activity Open

Maikel Izquierdo, De Lin, Sandra M. O’Neill, Lauren Webster, Christy Paterson , et al. · 2024

Background Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and leads to ~10,000 deaths each year. Nifurtimox and benznidazole are the only two drugs available but have significant adverse effects and limited efficacy. …

Ras superfamily GTPases and signal transduction in Euglena gracilis Open

Mark C. Field · 2024

Biological complexity is challenging to define, but can be considered through one or more features, including overall genome size, number of genes, morphological features, multicellularity, number of life cycle stages and the ability to ad…

Identification of a lineage-specific protein network at the trypanosome nuclear envelope Open

Erin R. Butterfield, Samson O. Obado, Brian T. Chait, Michael P. Rout, Mark C. Field · 2023

The nuclear envelope (NE) separates translation and transcription and is the location of multiple functions, including chromatin organization, nucleocytoplasmic transport, ribosomal maturation and mRNA processing/quality control. The molec…

Identification of a lineage-specific protein network at the trypanosome nuclear envelope Open

Erin R. Butterfield, Samson O. Obado, Simon R. Scutts, Wenzhu Zhang, Brian T. Chait , et al. · 2023

The nuclear envelope (NE) separates translation and transcription and is the location of multiple functions, including chromatin organization, nucleocytoplasmic transport, ribosomal maturation and mRNA processing/quality control. The molec…

Identification of a lineage-specific protein network at the trypanosome nuclear envelope Open

Erin R. Butterfield, Samson O. Obado, Simon R. Scutts, Wenzhu Zhang, Brian T. Chait , et al. · 2023

The nuclear envelope (NE) separates translation and transcription and is the location of multiple functions, including chromatin organization, nucleocytoplasmic transport, ribosomal maturation and mRNA processing/quality control. The molec…

An allele-selective inter-chromosomal protein bridge supports monogenic antigen expression in the African trypanosome Open

Joana Faria, Michele Tinti, Catarina A. Marques, Martin Zoltner, Harunori Yoshikawa , et al. · 2023

Evolutionary, structural and functional insights in nuclear organisation and nucleocytoplasmic transport in trypanosomes Open

Norma E. Padilla-Mejía, Mark C. Field · 2023

One of the remarkable features of eukaryotes is the nucleus, delimited by the nuclear envelope (NE), a complex structure and home to the nuclear lamina and nuclear pore complex (NPC). For decades, these structures were believed to be mainl…

Biomedical implications of nuclear transport Open

Nathalie J. Arhel, Mark C. Field · 2023

A defining feature of eukaryotes is the nucleus, where most of the genetic information resides and is safeguarded within the confines of the nuclear envelope (NE). While this barrier serves to protect the genome and separate transcription …

Trypanosomes as a magnifying glass for cell and molecular biology Open

Julius Lukeš, Dave Speijer, Alena Zı́ková, Juan Alfonzo, Hassan Hashimi , et al. · 2023

Deviating from the norm: Nuclear organisation in trypanosomes Open

Mark C. Field · 2023

At first glance the nucleus is a highly conserved organelle. Overall nuclear morphology, the octagonal nuclear pore complex, the presence of peripheral heterochromatin and the nuclear envelope appear near constant features right down to th…

Evolution of cullin E3 ubiquitin ligases and function in trypanosomes Open

Ricardo Canavate Del Pino, Martin Zoltner, Kayo Yamada, Erin R. Butterfield, Mark C. Field · 2023

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) modulate protein function, with ubiquitylation a pre-eminent example with major roles in protein turnover. Ubiquitylation utilises a ligase enzyme cascade for conjugation of ubiquitin to client prote…

Lessons from the deep: mechanisms behind diversification of eukaryotic protein complexes Open

Galina Prokopchuk, Anzhelika Butenko, Joel B. Dacks, Dave Speijer, Mark C. Field , et al. · 2023

Genetic variation is the major mechanism behind adaptation and evolutionary change. As most proteins operate through interactions with other proteins, changes in protein complex composition and subunit sequence provide potentially new func…

A unique mRNA decapping complex in trypanosomes Open

Susanne Krämer, Natalia Katarzyna Karolak, Johanna Odenwald, Bernardo Gabiatti, Paula Andrea Castañeda Londoño , et al. · 2023

Removal of the mRNA 5′ cap primes transcripts for degradation and is central for regulating gene expression in eukaryotes. The canonical decapping enzyme Dcp2 is stringently controlled by assembly into a dynamic multi-protein complex toget…

Functional differentiation of Sec13 paralogues in the euglenozoan protists Open

Drahomíra Faktorová, Kristína Záhonová, Corinna Benz, Joel B. Dacks, Mark C. Field , et al. · 2023

The β-propeller protein Sec13 plays roles in at least three distinct processes by virtue of being a component of the COPII endoplasmic reticulum export vesicle coat, the nuclear pore complex (NPC) and the Seh1-associated (SEA)/GATOR nutrie…

Identification of inhibitors for the transmembrane Trypanosoma cruzi eIF2α kinase relevant for parasite proliferation Open

Tiago de Paula Marcelino, Ángela María, Matheus Monteiro da Silva, Normanda Souza‐Melo, Amaranta Muniz Malvezzi , et al. · 2023

Extracellular vesicles secreted by Echinococcus multilocularis: important players in angiogenesis promotion Open

Congshan Liu, Jianping Cao, Haobing Zhang, Mark C. Field, Jianhai Yin · 2023

TUSK: a ubiquitin hydrolase complex modulating surface protein abundance in trypanosomes Open

Kayo Yamada, Ning Zhang, Farzana K. Yaqub, Martin Zoltner, Mark C. Field · 2023

Control of protein levels is vital to cellular homeostasis, for maintaining a steady state, to coordinate changes during differentiation and other roles. In African trypanosomes surface proteins contribute to immune evasion, drug sensitivi…

<i>Trypanosoma cruzi</i>VDU deubiquitinase mediates surface protein trafficking and infectivity Open

Normanda Souza‐Melo, Nathalia Brito Silva, Amaranta Muniz Malvezzi, Gregory Pedroso dos Santos, Laura Maria Alcântara , et al. · 2023

Ubiquitylation is a post-translational modification promoting protein degradation. Within the endomembrane system ubiquitylation marks proteins for lysosomal processing. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) cleave ubiquitin from modified proteins and, i…

The role of invariant surface glycoprotein 75 in xenobiotic acquisition by African trypanosomes Open

А. А. Макаров, Jakub Began, Ileana Corvo Mautone, Érika G. Pinto, Liam Ferguson , et al. · 2023

The surface proteins of parasitic protozoa mediate functions essential to survival within a host, including nutrient accumulation, environmental sensing and immune evasion. Several receptors involved in nutrient uptake and defence from the…

Suppl. Tables from Functional differentiation of Sec13 paralogs in the euglenozoan protists Open

Drahomíra Faktorová, Kristína Záhonová, Corinna Benz, Joel B. Dacks, Mark C. Field , et al. · 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-7

Coatomer in the universe of cellular complexity Open

Mark C. Field, Michael P. Rout · 2022

Eukaryotic cells possess considerable internal complexity, differentiating them from prokaryotes. Eukaryogenesis, an evolutionary transitional period culminating in the last eukaryotic common ancestor (LECA), marked the origin of the eukar…

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