Mark J. Siedner
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View article: Comorbidities among women presenting for obstetric care in Uganda
Comorbidities among women presenting for obstetric care in Uganda Open
Background Maternal mortality rates are high in low- and middle-income countries, with Uganda’s ratio at 189 deaths per 100,000 live births. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 15% of indirect maternal deaths worldwide. We examine…
View article: Virologic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection across evolving Omicron subvariants
Virologic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 infection across evolving Omicron subvariants Open
BACKGROUNDSARS-CoV-2 has evolved subvariants since the emergence of the Omicron variant in 2021. Whether these changes impact viral shedding and transmissibility is not known.METHODSPOSITIVES is a prospective longitudinal cohort of individ…
View article: Cross-Neutralization of Distant Coronaviruses Strongly Correlates with Spike S2-Specific Antibodies from Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients
Cross-Neutralization of Distant Coronaviruses Strongly Correlates with Spike S2-Specific Antibodies from Immunocompetent and Immunocompromised Vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-Infected Patients Open
Background/Objectives: Despite the lifting of the COVID-19 public health emergency, SARS-CoV-2 infections continue to be recorded worldwide. The continued prevalence of infection has been attributed to the ability of the virus to evade hos…
View article: Alcohol Consumption and Health Outcomes Among Men in a Rural HIV-Endemic Cohort in South Africa
Alcohol Consumption and Health Outcomes Among Men in a Rural HIV-Endemic Cohort in South Africa Open
Background In South Africa, men experience lower HIV care engagement and retention than women. Men who consume alcohol face greater barriers to care and may represent a population with significant unmet health needs. We investigated associ…
View article: Kidney disease screening among adults with HIV in Uganda: a missed priority for a high-risk population
Kidney disease screening among adults with HIV in Uganda: a missed priority for a high-risk population Open
Chronic kidney disease affects 850 million people worldwide, with Sub-Saharan Africa bearing a significant burden. People living with HIV (PWH) are at increased risk due to nephrotoxicity of antiretroviral therapy (ART), in part due to wid…
View article: Approaches to the Management of Virologic Failure on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in the 50 Countries With the Highest Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence
Approaches to the Management of Virologic Failure on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in the 50 Countries With the Highest Adult Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevalence Open
Expanded access to dolutegravir as part of a fixed-dose combination with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and lamivudine (TLD) has revolutionized global human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment, with more than 25 million people prescribed…
View article: Factors Associated With Incomplete Adherence to Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Southwestern Uganda
Factors Associated With Incomplete Adherence to Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Southwestern Uganda Open
Background: Tenofovir/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD) is now the most prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen worldwide. Although effective and well-tolerated, dolutegravir has been associated with weight gain and neuropsychiatric sy…
View article: Perceptions of Health, Body Size, and Nutritional Risk Factors for Obesity in People with HIV in South Africa
Perceptions of Health, Body Size, and Nutritional Risk Factors for Obesity in People with HIV in South Africa Open
View article: REPRIEVE final results: What does it mean for guidelines in low‐ and middle‐income countries?
REPRIEVE final results: What does it mean for guidelines in low‐ and middle‐income countries? Open
Introduction The REPRIEVE study demonstrated significant reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) with pitavastatin among people living with HIV (PWH) with low to moderate cardiovascular risk. Most MACE events occurred in h…
View article: The unintended outcome: a retrospective cross‐sectional study using a urine lateral flow assay to detect ART use reveals non‐disclosure of taking ART in South Africa's public health system
The unintended outcome: a retrospective cross‐sectional study using a urine lateral flow assay to detect ART use reveals non‐disclosure of taking ART in South Africa's public health system Open
Introduction Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models for HIV and tuberculosis (TB) care prioritize efficient resource allocation and targeted interventions, and benefit from accurate assessment of patients’ antiretroviral therapy (ART…
View article: A formative evaluation of potential barriers and facilitators to inform effective implementation of a community-based hypertension care program in rural South Africa: The IMPACT-BP trial
A formative evaluation of potential barriers and facilitators to inform effective implementation of a community-based hypertension care program in rural South Africa: The IMPACT-BP trial Open
Background: In rural KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa, less than 25 % of persons with hypertension have controlled blood pressure. We conducted a formative evaluation of current clinic-based care to identify barriers and facilitators t…
View article: Discordance between measures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitization and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States (NHANES): A population-based cohort study
Discordance between measures of Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitization and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the United States (NHANES): A population-based cohort study Open
LTBI associated with glycemic measures and diabetes when assessed by skin induration, but not IFN-γ release. This suggests an association with innate immune activation rather than acquired T-cell response, as determined by ex vivo IFN-γ re…
View article: Population Prevalence and Correlates of Syphilis in Rural, Southwestern Uganda
Population Prevalence and Correlates of Syphilis in Rural, Southwestern Uganda Open
Background The global incidence of syphilis has increased in recent years. Understanding syphilis epidemiology will inform screening and treatment programs. However, such data are lacking in many communities. We outline a population-based …
View article: The Need for Lenacapavir Compulsory Licences in Ending the HIV Epidemic
The Need for Lenacapavir Compulsory Licences in Ending the HIV Epidemic Open
In total, 1.3 million people acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in 2023, well behind the UNAIDS goal of <370 000 infections by 2025. Novel 6-monthly injectable pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication lenacapavir is highly ef…
View article: Alcohol Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Continuum of Care Among Men in Rural South Africa: Results from a Longitudinal Study
Alcohol Use and the Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Continuum of Care Among Men in Rural South Africa: Results from a Longitudinal Study Open
Despite freely available oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), HIV incidence among young men in South Africa remains high. This study explores the impact of alcohol use on PrEP initiation and continuation among South African men. We pe…
View article: Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Systemic Inflammation in US Adolescents and Young Adults With Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Systemic Inflammation in US Adolescents and Young Adults With Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Population-Based Cohort Study Open
Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in adults increases incident type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk. It is unknown if this cardiometabolic detriment occurs in young people. We investigated whe…
View article: Associations of the COVID-19 pandemic with quality of life: A cross-sectional study of older-age people with and without HIV in rural Uganda
Associations of the COVID-19 pandemic with quality of life: A cross-sectional study of older-age people with and without HIV in rural Uganda Open
Background: COVID-19-related lockdowns and other public health measures may have differentially affected the quality of life (QOL) of older people with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in rural Uganda. Methods: The Quality of…
View article: Navigating HIV care in a mobile society: case studies of clinic transfers in South Africa's public health sector
Navigating HIV care in a mobile society: case studies of clinic transfers in South Africa's public health sector Open
In South Africa, people living with HIV (PWH) often relocate for work and family obligations, which creates unique challenges for continuous HIV care. We explored the experiences of mobile individuals living with HIV navigating clinic tran…
View article: Initiation, cessation and relapse of tobacco smoking over a 3-year period among participants aged ≥15 years in a large longitudinal cohort in rural South Africa
Initiation, cessation and relapse of tobacco smoking over a 3-year period among participants aged ≥15 years in a large longitudinal cohort in rural South Africa Open
Tobacco smoking is increasing in many low-and-middle-income countries, but data about initiation and cessation patterns are sparse, particularly in rural areas. We investigated changes in smoking status and their determinants in rural Sout…
View article: Integration of a Patient-Centered mHealth Intervention (Support-Moms) Into Routine Antenatal Care to Improve Maternal Health Among Pregnant Women in Southwestern Uganda: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Integration of a Patient-Centered mHealth Intervention (Support-Moms) Into Routine Antenatal Care to Improve Maternal Health Among Pregnant Women in Southwestern Uganda: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial Open
Background Mobile health (mHealth) interventions that leverage social support (SS) can improve partner involvement and pregnancy experiences and promote antenatal care (ANC) attendance and skilled births. In our previous studies, we used b…
View article: Prevalence and correlates of frailty among older people with and without HIV in rural Uganda.
Prevalence and correlates of frailty among older people with and without HIV in rural Uganda. Open
BACKGROUND: The relationship between HIV and frailty, a predictor of poor outcomes in the face of stressors, remains unknown in older people in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We analysed data from the Quality of Life and Ageing with HIV in R…
View article: Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance
Modeling suggests SARS-CoV-2 rebound after nirmatrelvir-ritonavir treatment is driven by target cell preservation coupled with incomplete viral clearance Open
In a subset of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals treated with the antiviral nirmatrelvir-ritonavir, the virus rebounds following treatment. The mechanisms driving this rebound are not well understood. We used a mathematical model to describe…
View article: Subtypes A1 and D, and recombinant HIV-1 natural polymorphisms associated with lenacapavir drug resistance in Uganda
Subtypes A1 and D, and recombinant HIV-1 natural polymorphisms associated with lenacapavir drug resistance in Uganda Open
Background Lenacapavir, a novel HIV-1 capsid inhibitor, shows promise for treating MDR HIV-1, as well as for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in prevention of HIV infection. Its unique mechanism and lack of cross-resistance with other antir…
View article: HIV, Social Networks, and Loneliness among Older Adults in Uganda
HIV, Social Networks, and Loneliness among Older Adults in Uganda Open
View article: Correction: HIV, Social Networks, and Loneliness Among Older Adults in Uganda
Correction: HIV, Social Networks, and Loneliness Among Older Adults in Uganda Open
View article: Longitudinal Trends in Physical Activity Among Older Adults With and Without HIV in Uganda
Longitudinal Trends in Physical Activity Among Older Adults With and Without HIV in Uganda Open
Introduction Physical Activity (PA) and its links to frailty, quality of life (QoL), and other comorbidities in older Ugandans living with HIV remain under-explored. Methods We analyzed data from three annual assessments of older people li…
View article: Virologic Failure and Emergent Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Drug Resistance With Long-Acting Cabotegravir for HIV Treatment: A Meta-analysis
Virologic Failure and Emergent Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Drug Resistance With Long-Acting Cabotegravir for HIV Treatment: A Meta-analysis Open
Background The long-acting injectable regimen of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) emerged as an alternative to oral standard-of-care integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)–based regimens for individuals with adherence challenge…
View article: Cross-neutralization of distant coronaviruses correlates with Spike S2-specific antibodies from immunocompetent and immunocompromised vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected patients
Cross-neutralization of distant coronaviruses correlates with Spike S2-specific antibodies from immunocompetent and immunocompromised vaccinated SARS-CoV-2-infected patients Open
As of May 2023, the public health emergency of COVID-19 was lifted across the globe. However, SARS-CoV-2 infections continue to be recorded worldwide. This situation has been attributed to the ability of the virus to evade host immune resp…
View article: The impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on lung cancer and stroke incidence among people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a simulation modeling study
The impact of tobacco smoking and smoking cessation on lung cancer and stroke incidence among people with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in South Africa: a simulation modeling study Open
Introduction With declining HIV-related mortality, over 20% of people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa are now over age 50 years, and tobacco-related non-communicable disease burden is increasing. We quantified the impact of smoking and smok…
View article: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT HIV IN UGANDA: COHORT STUDY IN RURAL UGANDA
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH AND WITHOUT HIV IN UGANDA: COHORT STUDY IN RURAL UGANDA Open
Studies from high-income countries have established the benefits of physical activity (PA) for health among older people. Yet, PA and its links to frailty and quality of life (QOL) in older rural African populations living with HIV remain …