Mark Ungrin
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View article: Medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers: A secondary analysis of findings inconsistent with prior understanding reflects the expected inferiority of medical masks.
Medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers: A secondary analysis of findings inconsistent with prior understanding reflects the expected inferiority of medical masks. Open
BackgroundA previously published study is cited as evidence that medical masks (MM) are noninferior to N95 respirators (N95) in the prevention of COVID infections. As COVID is transmitted via infectious aerosols generated during coughing a…
View article: Masks and respirators for the prevention of respiratory infections: a mechanism-informed systematic review.
Masks and respirators for the prevention of respiratory infections: a mechanism-informed systematic review. Open
View article: Fatal flaws in a controlled clinical study of respirator usage in pregnant healthcare workers
Fatal flaws in a controlled clinical study of respirator usage in pregnant healthcare workers Open
To the Editors:We are writing regarding a fatally flawed study(1) published in Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control that has resulted in significant and dangerous misinformation circulating during the pandemic.The study, based …
View article: Fatal flaws in a controlled clinical study of respirator usage in pregnant healthcare workers
Fatal flaws in a controlled clinical study of respirator usage in pregnant healthcare workers Open
To the Editors:We are writing regarding a fatally flawed study(1) published in Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control that has resulted in significant and dangerous misinformation circulating during the pandemic.The study, based …
View article: Canada needs a national COVID-19 inquiry now
Canada needs a national COVID-19 inquiry now Open
View article: Masks and respirators for prevention of respiratory infections: a state of the science review
Masks and respirators for prevention of respiratory infections: a state of the science review Open
SUMMARY This narrative review and meta-analysis summarizes a broad evidence base on the benefits—and also the practicalities, disbenefits, harms and personal, sociocultural and environmental impacts—of masks and masking. Our synthesis of e…
View article: Medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers: A secondary analysis of findings inconsistent with prior understanding reflects the expected inferiority of medical masks.
Medical masks versus N95 respirators for preventing COVID-19 among health care workers: A secondary analysis of findings inconsistent with prior understanding reflects the expected inferiority of medical masks. Open
BackgroundA previously published study is cited as evidence that medical masks (MM) are noninferior to N95 respirators (N95) in the prevention of COVID infections. As COVID is transmitted via infectious aerosols generated during coughing a…
View article: Efficient derivation of transgene-free porcine induced pluripotent stem cells enables in vitro modeling of species-specific developmental timing
Efficient derivation of transgene-free porcine induced pluripotent stem cells enables in vitro modeling of species-specific developmental timing Open
Sus scrofa domesticus (pig) has served as a superb large mammalian model for biomedical studies because of its comparable physiology and organ size to humans. The derivation of transgene-free porcine induced pluripotent stem cells (PiPSCs)…
View article: The Trophoblast Compartment Helps Maintain Embryonic Pluripotency and Delays Differentiation towards Cardiomyocytes
The Trophoblast Compartment Helps Maintain Embryonic Pluripotency and Delays Differentiation towards Cardiomyocytes Open
Normal developmental progression relies on close interactions between the embryonic and extraembryonic lineages in the pre- and peri-gastrulation stage conceptus. For example, mouse epiblast-derived FGF and NODAL signals are required to ma…
View article: Masks and Respirators for Prevention of Respiratory Infections: A State of the Science Review
Masks and Respirators for Prevention of Respiratory Infections: A State of the Science Review Open
View article: The Proliferation of Pre-Pubertal Porcine Spermatogonia in Stirred Suspension Bioreactors Is Partially Mediated by the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway
The Proliferation of Pre-Pubertal Porcine Spermatogonia in Stirred Suspension Bioreactors Is Partially Mediated by the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway Open
Male survivors of childhood cancer are at risk of suffering from infertility in adulthood because of gonadotoxic chemotherapies. For adult men, sperm collection and preservation are routine procedures prior to treatment; however, this is n…
View article: Scaffold-Free Retinal Pigment Epithelium Microtissues Exhibit Increased Release of PEDF
Scaffold-Free Retinal Pigment Epithelium Microtissues Exhibit Increased Release of PEDF Open
The retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) plays a critical role in photoreceptor survival and function. RPE deficits are implicated in a wide range of diseases that result in vision loss, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and S…
View article: Unique metabolic phenotype and its transition during maturation of juvenile male germ cells
Unique metabolic phenotype and its transition during maturation of juvenile male germ cells Open
Human male reproductive development has a prolonged prepubertal period characterized by juvenile quiescence of germ cells with immature spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) precursors (gonocytes) present in the testis for an extended period of t…
View article: Feasibility of three-dimensional facial imaging and printing for producing customised nasal masks for continuous positive airway pressure
Feasibility of three-dimensional facial imaging and printing for producing customised nasal masks for continuous positive airway pressure Open
Rationale Delivery of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnoea in children and adults. Treatment adherence is a major challenge, as many patients find the CPAP mask uncomfortable. Th…
View article: In Vitro Maturation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Is Essential for Maintaining High Expression of Key Functional Genes
In Vitro Maturation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium Is Essential for Maintaining High Expression of Key Functional Genes Open
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the industrialized world. AMD is associated with dysfunction and atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which provides critical support for photoreceptor…
View article: Is Use of BMP-2 Associated with Tumor Growth and Osteoblastic Differentiation in Murine Models of Osteosarcoma?
Is Use of BMP-2 Associated with Tumor Growth and Osteoblastic Differentiation in Murine Models of Osteosarcoma? Open
Background The putative benefit of rhBMP-2 is in the setting of limb reconstruction using structural allografts, whether it be allograft-prosthetic composites, osteoarticular allografts, or intercalary segmental grafts. There are also pote…
View article: Quantifying the Forces Applied During Manually and Mechanically Assisted Calvings in Beef Cattle
Quantifying the Forces Applied During Manually and Mechanically Assisted Calvings in Beef Cattle Open
Dystocia is a leading cause of calf mortality, yet there is little available information quantifying the duration and forces applied to assisted deliveries. Objectives of this study were to: (1) develop a method to measure the magnitude an…
View article: Automated Hypothesis Generation to Identify Signals Relevant in the Development of Mammalian Cell and Tissue Bioprocesses, With Validation in a Retinal Culture System
Automated Hypothesis Generation to Identify Signals Relevant in the Development of Mammalian Cell and Tissue Bioprocesses, With Validation in a Retinal Culture System Open
We have developed an accessible software tool (receptoR) to predict potentially active signaling pathways in one or more cell type(s) of interest from publicly available transcriptome data. As proof-of-concept, we applied it to mouse photo…
View article: Serum-Free Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates in Suspension Bioreactors for Tissue Engineering Applications
Serum-Free Culture of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Aggregates in Suspension Bioreactors for Tissue Engineering Applications Open
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the capacity to differentiate towards bone, fat, and cartilage lineages. The most widely used culture and differentiation protocols for MSCs are currently limited by their use of serum-containing media an…
View article: Stirred Suspension Bioreactor Culture of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stirred Suspension Bioreactor Culture of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Open
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine and the development of therapies, as they can proliferate indefinitely under defined conditions and differentiate into any cell type in the body…
View article: Stirred Suspension Bioreactor Culture of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stirred Suspension Bioreactor Culture of Porcine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Open
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are an attractive cell source for regenerative medicine and the development of therapies, as they can proliferate indefinitely under defined conditions and differentiate into any cell type in the body…
View article: Formation of organotypic testicular organoids in microwell culture†
Formation of organotypic testicular organoids in microwell culture† Open
Three-dimensional (3D) organoids can serve as an in vitro platform to study cell–cell interactions, tissue development, and toxicology. Development of organoids with tissue architecture similar to testis in vivo has remained a challenge. H…
View article: Oxygenation in cell culture: Critical parameters for reproducibility are routinely not reported
Oxygenation in cell culture: Critical parameters for reproducibility are routinely not reported Open
Mammalian cell culture is foundational to biomedical research, and the reproducibility of research findings across the sciences is drawing increasing attention. While many components contribute to reproducibility, the reporting of factors …
View article: Quantifying the forces applied during assisted calvings and the impacts on newborn beef calves
Quantifying the forces applied during assisted calvings and the impacts on newborn beef calves Open
Dystocia is recognized as the leading cause of mortality in the beef industry, with almost 26% of neonatal calf losses being attributed to birth-related issues. The term dystocia is defined as a prolonged or difficult birth that may or may…
View article: Bioprocessing of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derivatives: Toward Cell-Free Therapeutics
Bioprocessing of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Derivatives: Toward Cell-Free Therapeutics Open
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted tremendous research interest due to their ability to repair tissues and reduce inflammation when implanted into a damaged or diseased site. These therapeutic effects have been largely attributed…
View article: Bioengineered human pseudoislets form efficiently from donated tissue, compare favourably with native islets in vitro and restore normoglycaemia in mice
Bioengineered human pseudoislets form efficiently from donated tissue, compare favourably with native islets in vitro and restore normoglycaemia in mice Open
The ability to efficiently reformat dissociated islet cells into engineered pseudoislets with improved properties has high potential for both research and therapeutic applications.
View article: Climbing the mountain: experimental design for the efficient optimization of stem cell bioprocessing
Climbing the mountain: experimental design for the efficient optimization of stem cell bioprocessing Open
View article: Aggregate Size Optimization in Microwells for Suspension-based Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Aggregate Size Optimization in Microwells for Suspension-based Cardiac Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Open
Cardiac differentiation of human pluripotent stems cells (hPSCs) is typically carried out in suspension cell aggregates. Conventional aggregate formation of hPSCs involves dissociating cell colonies into smaller clumps, with size control o…
View article: A Simple and Low-Cost Monitoring System to Investigate Environmental Conditions in a Biological Research Laboratory
A Simple and Low-Cost Monitoring System to Investigate Environmental Conditions in a Biological Research Laboratory Open
Basic equipment such as incubation and refrigeration systems plays a critical role in nearly all aspects of the traditional biological research laboratory. Their proper functioning is therefore essential to ensure reliable and repeatable e…
View article: The microwell-mesh: A novel device and protocol for the high throughput manufacturing of cartilage microtissues
The microwell-mesh: A novel device and protocol for the high throughput manufacturing of cartilage microtissues Open
Microwell platforms are frequently described for the efficient and uniform manufacture of 3-dimensional (3D) multicellular microtissues. Multiple partial or complete medium exchanges can displace microtissues from discrete microwells, and …