Martin Sippel
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View article: Comparison of SpaceX’s Starship with winged heavy-lift launcher options for Europe
Comparison of SpaceX’s Starship with winged heavy-lift launcher options for Europe Open
The remarkable progress SpaceX made in the first four integrated flight tests of their Starship and Super Heavy launcher configuration indicates that a fully reusable space transport system might become a reality within a few years. Such a…
View article: Analysis of sonic boom propagation and population disturbance of hypersonic vehicle trajectories
Analysis of sonic boom propagation and population disturbance of hypersonic vehicle trajectories Open
With more hypersonic space planes and re-entry vehicles being developed in the future, the topic of sonic boom shocks has a large impact on the feasibility of routine operations due to their impact on the ground and general population. A s…
View article: Options for future European reusable booster stages: evaluation and comparison of VTHL and VTVL costs
Options for future European reusable booster stages: evaluation and comparison of VTHL and VTVL costs Open
As the space industry evolves towards more cost-effective solutions, the development of reusable launch vehicles has become a crucial focus for reducing launch costs. This study addresses the problem of identifying the most cost-effective …
View article: Options for future European reusable booster stages: evaluation and comparison of VTHL and VTVL return methods
Options for future European reusable booster stages: evaluation and comparison of VTHL and VTVL return methods Open
In the past, the majority of system studies on reusable space transportation performed within Europe focused on concepts relying on lift-generating wings for recovery. Recently, vertically landing concepts similar to those deployed success…
View article: Comparative analyses of European horizontal-landing reusable first stage concepts
Comparative analyses of European horizontal-landing reusable first stage concepts Open
Partially reusable two-stage-to-orbit (TSTO) launch configurations have been investigated on system level by DLR in the ENTRAIN study which encompasses an examination of both vertical takeoff horizontal landing (VTHL) and vertical takeoff …
View article: Selection of propulsion characteristics for systematic assessment of future European RLV-options
Selection of propulsion characteristics for systematic assessment of future European RLV-options Open
The propulsion system as the key-element of any space transportation concept is systematically investigated supporting a study on potential future European RLV. Different liquid propellant combinations are compared and evaluated. Subsequen…
View article: Multidisciplinary design analysis and optimization of the aerodynamic shape of the SpaceLiner passenger stage
Multidisciplinary design analysis and optimization of the aerodynamic shape of the SpaceLiner passenger stage Open
The SpaceLiner is a futuristic concept of a suborbital space plane intended to provide ultra-fast intercontinental passenger transport, currently in pre-development at DLR-SART. Vehicles traveling at hypersonic speeds inevitably produce sh…
View article: Overview of system study on recovery methods for reusable first stages of future European launchers
Overview of system study on recovery methods for reusable first stages of future European launchers Open
The design of a reusable launch vehicle implies the need to provide for a means to safely retrieve the component to be re-used. Following economic considerations, reusable launch vehicle concepts tend to be designed such that large parts, …
View article: Environmental life cycle assessment of reusable launch vehicle fleets: Large climate impact driven by rocket exhaust emissions
Environmental life cycle assessment of reusable launch vehicle fleets: Large climate impact driven by rocket exhaust emissions Open
After the success of the reusable Falcon 9 rocket, space actors are pursuing competitive space access by developing Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs). While this initiative may enhance recycling rates, it may also trigger the Jevons’ paradox…
View article: Options for Future European Reusable Booster Stages: Evaluation and Comparison of VTHL and VTVL Return Methods
Options for Future European Reusable Booster Stages: Evaluation and Comparison of VTHL and VTVL Return Methods Open
In the past the majority of system studies on reusable space transportation performed within Europe focused on concepts relying on lift-generating wings for recovery. Recently, vertically landing concepts similar to those deployed successf…
View article: Systematic assessment of SpaceLiner passenger cabin emergency separation using multi-body simulations
Systematic assessment of SpaceLiner passenger cabin emergency separation using multi-body simulations Open
The SpaceLiner ultra-high-speed rocket-propelled passenger transport is in Phase A conceptual design. The ongoing concept evolution is addressing system aspects of the next configuration release 8. The space transportation role of the Spac…
View article: Full-scale simulations of ‘In-Air Capturing’ return mode for winged reusable launch vehicles
Full-scale simulations of ‘In-Air Capturing’ return mode for winged reusable launch vehicles Open
The recent success of reusable launchers has become a driving force for sustainable launch technologies. An innovative approach proposed by DLR, involves winged rocket stages captured mid air and towed back to the launch site by an aircraf…
View article: Full-scale simulation and analysis of formation flight during in-air-capturing of a winged reusable launch vehicle
Full-scale simulation and analysis of formation flight during in-air-capturing of a winged reusable launch vehicle Open
View article: Spaceport Rostock-Laage - Die nächsten Schritte
Spaceport Rostock-Laage - Die nächsten Schritte Open
In einer wissenschaftlichen Studie hat das Deutsche Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt (DLR) die Eignung des Flughafens Rostock-Laage als "Spaceport" untersucht und bewertet. Aufgrund der verschiedenen Parameter, wie z. B. die geographische La…
View article: Technical Report on different RLV return modes’ Performances
Technical Report on different RLV return modes’ Performances Open
Complex, high-performance, high-cost rocket stages and rocket engines are disposed today after a short operating time. Used components fall back to Earth, crashing on ground or into the Oceans.
\nReturning these stages back to their launch…
View article: High-Performance, Partially Reusable Launchers for Europe
High-Performance, Partially Reusable Launchers for Europe Open
RLV configurations with partial reusability of 1st or booster stages are in focus of ongoing system studies. Parallel
\nstage arrangement is preferred with a winged stage connected to an expendable upper segment with potentially
\nvarious …
View article: Assessment of multiple mission reusable launch vehicles
Assessment of multiple mission reusable launch vehicles Open
View article: Ultra-Fast Passenger Transport Options Enabled by Reusable Launch Vehicles
Ultra-Fast Passenger Transport Options Enabled by Reusable Launch Vehicles Open
The latest architecture of the SpaceLiner 7 configuration is
\ndescribed including major geometrical and mass data. Some elements of the next iteration step, the SpaceLiner 8, are highlighted, having its focus on most recent analyses, part…
View article: Focused research on RLV-technologies: the DLR project AKIRA
Focused research on RLV-technologies: the DLR project AKIRA Open
DLR has organized a multidisciplinary research project on technologies critical for the realization of RLV-stages called AKIRA. The research topics are efficient RLV-stage return, reusable cryogenic tank insulation technologies, and struct…
View article: Mission Analysis and Preliminary Re-entry Trajectory Design of the DLR Reusability Flight Experiment ReFEx
Mission Analysis and Preliminary Re-entry Trajectory Design of the DLR Reusability Flight Experiment ReFEx Open
Driven by the recently increased demand for investigating reusable launchers, the German Aerospace Center (DLR) is currently developing the Reusability Flight Experiment (ReFEx). The goal is to demonstrate the capability of performing an a…
View article: Highly Efficient RLV-Return Mode In-Air-Capturing Progressing by Preparation of Subscale Flight Tests
Highly Efficient RLV-Return Mode In-Air-Capturing Progressing by Preparation of Subscale Flight Tests Open
An innovative approach for the return of reusable space transportation vehicles has been pro- posed by DLR: The winged stages are to be caught in the air and towed by subsonic airplanes back to their launch site without any necessity of an…
View article: Enhancing Critical RLV-technologies: Testing Reusable CryoTank Insulations
Enhancing Critical RLV-technologies: Testing Reusable CryoTank Insulations Open
At DLR a multidisciplinary research project called AKIRA (in English: specific critical technologies and integrated
\nsystem investigations for RLV applications) is ongoing. Reusable cryo-tank insulation is one of the key-challenges and is…
View article: A Systematic Assessment and Comparison of Reusable First Stage Return Options
A Systematic Assessment and Comparison of Reusable First Stage Return Options Open
Interest in the reusability of launch vehicle first stages has strongly increased since the successful landing, recovering and reflight of SpaceX and Blue Origin booster stages. However, different possibilities of recovering and reusing st…
View article: A Systematic Comparison of Reusable First Stage Return Options
A Systematic Comparison of Reusable First Stage Return Options Open
The recent success of the emerging private space companies SpaceX and Blue Origin in landing, recovering and relaunching first stages have demonstrated the possibility of building reliable reusable launchers with low launch costs. Due to t…
View article: FUTURE EUROPEAN REUSABLE BOOSTER STAGES: EVALUATION OF VTHL AND VTVL RETURN METHODS
FUTURE EUROPEAN REUSABLE BOOSTER STAGES: EVALUATION OF VTHL AND VTVL RETURN METHODS Open
Reusability of launch systems will strongly impact the launch service market if certain characteristics, such as
\nsufficient reliability and low refurbishment costs, can be achieved. The German Aerospace Center (DLR) is
\nperforming a sys…
View article: Assessment of a European Reusable VTVL Booster Stage
Assessment of a European Reusable VTVL Booster Stage Open
Reusability of launch systems has the potential to strongly impact the launch service market if sufficient reliability and low refurbishment costs can be achieved. This study focuses on the vertical takeoff and vertical landing (VTVL) meth…
View article: Bringing Highly Efficient RLV-Return Mode "In-Air-Capturing" to Reality
Bringing Highly Efficient RLV-Return Mode "In-Air-Capturing" to Reality Open
An innovative approach for the return of reusable space transportation vehicles has been proposed by
\nDLR: The winged stages are to be caught in the air and towed by subsonic airplanes back to their
\nlaunch site without any necessity of …
View article: Assessment of VTVL and VTHL Reusable First Stages
Assessment of VTVL and VTHL Reusable First Stages Open
Two-stage vertical take-off vertical landing (VTVL) and vertical take-off horizontal landing (VTHL)
\npartially reusable launcher configurations are systematically analyzed. The investigated configurations
\nconsider a reusable first stage…
View article: Technical Progress of Multiple-Mission Reusable Launch Vehicle SpaceLiner
Technical Progress of Multiple-Mission Reusable Launch Vehicle SpaceLiner Open
The SpaceLiner ultra-high-speed rocket-propelled passenger transport is in Phase A conceptual design
\nafter successful completion of the MRR. The ongoing concept evolution is addressing system aspects
\nof the next configuration release 8…
View article: Evaluation of Future Ariane Reusable VTOL Booster stages
Evaluation of Future Ariane Reusable VTOL Booster stages Open
Reusability is anticipated to strongly impact the launch service market if sufficient reliability and low refurbishment costs can be achieved. DLR is performing an extensive study on return methods for a reusable booster stage for a future…