Massimo Pacilli
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View article: Wastewater Surveillance for Poliovirus in Selected Jurisdictions, United States, 2022–2023
Wastewater Surveillance for Poliovirus in Selected Jurisdictions, United States, 2022–2023 Open
Wastewater testing can inform public health action as a component of polio outbreak response. During 2022-2023, a total of 7 US jurisdictions (5 states and 2 cities) participated in prospective or retrospective testing of wastewater for po…
View article: Using wastewater surveillance for mpox as a complement to traditional case-based reporting – Chicago, March–June 2023
Using wastewater surveillance for mpox as a complement to traditional case-based reporting – Chicago, March–June 2023 Open
The Chicago Department of Public Health tested wastewater samples for the presence of Monkeypox Virus (MPXV) from March 13 through June 26, 2023. There were persistent detections prior to reported cases. This indicated the baseline levels …
View article: Measles Outbreak Associated with a Migrant Shelter — Chicago, Illinois, February–May 2024
Measles Outbreak Associated with a Migrant Shelter — Chicago, Illinois, February–May 2024 Open
Measles, a highly contagious respiratory virus with the potential to cause severe complications, hospitalization, and death, was declared eliminated from the United States in 2000; however, with ongoing global transmission, infections in t…
View article: Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase <i>Shigella sonnei</i> Cluster Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Chicago, Illinois, July–October 2022
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase <i>Shigella sonnei</i> Cluster Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Chicago, Illinois, July–October 2022 Open
Drug-resistant shigellosis is increasing, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). During July–October 2022, an extended-spectrum β-lactamase–producing Shigella sonnei cluster of 9 patients was identified in Chicago, of whom 8 w…
View article: Investigation of an Mpox Outbreak Affecting Many Vaccinated Persons in Chicago, Illinois—March 2023–June 2023
Investigation of an Mpox Outbreak Affecting Many Vaccinated Persons in Chicago, Illinois—March 2023–June 2023 Open
Background After months of few mpox cases, an increase in cases was reported in Chicago during May 2023, predominantly among fully vaccinated (FV) patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinate…
View article: A response playbook for early detection and population surveillance of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in a regional public health laboratory
A response playbook for early detection and population surveillance of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in a regional public health laboratory Open
Background Timely genomic surveillance is required to inform public health responses to new SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the processes involved in local genomic surveillance introduce inherent time constraints. The Regional Innovative Pub…
View article: Rapid Environmental Contamination With <i>Candida auris</i> and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens Near Colonized Patients
Rapid Environmental Contamination With <i>Candida auris</i> and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Pathogens Near Colonized Patients Open
Background Environmental contamination is suspected to play an important role in Candida auris transmission. Understanding speed and risks of contamination after room disinfection could inform environmental cleaning recommendations. Method…
View article: Health Care Personnel Exposure Risk Assessment and Management During a Mpox Outbreak in Chicago, Illinois, 17 May to 8 July 2022
Health Care Personnel Exposure Risk Assessment and Management During a Mpox Outbreak in Chicago, Illinois, 17 May to 8 July 2022 Open
This report summarizes risk assessment interviews and follow-up with health care personnel (HCP) after exposure to patients with mpox disease during 17 May to 8 July 2022. HCP-case interactions were assessed using a standard questionnaire …
View article: SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Risk in Persons with HIV, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020–2022
SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Risk in Persons with HIV, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020–2022 Open
Understanding if persons with HIV (PWH) have a higher risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection may help tailor future COVID-19 public health guidance. To determine whether HIV infection was associated with increased risk for SARS-CoV-2 reinfection,…
View article: A response playbook for early detection and population surveillance of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in a regional public health laboratory
A response playbook for early detection and population surveillance of new SARS-CoV-2 variants in a regional public health laboratory Open
Background Timely genomic surveillance is required to inform public health responses to new SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, the processes involved in local genomic surveillance introduce inherent time constraints. The Regional Innovative Pub…
View article: 88. Increasing Bioburden of <i>Candida auris</i> Body Site Colonization is Associated with Environmental Contamination
88. Increasing Bioburden of <i>Candida auris</i> Body Site Colonization is Associated with Environmental Contamination Open
Background Environmental contamination is suspected to play a key role in transmission of Candida auris in healthcare facilities. We recently showed that environmental surfaces near C. auris-colonized patients are commonly recontaminated w…
View article: 248. Change in Incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Across the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chicago — March 2020 – March 2022
248. Change in Incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Across the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chicago — March 2020 – March 2022 Open
Background Peak counts of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) have followed each COVID-19 peak by 2–5 weeks. Fewer cases of MIS-C occurred after the Delta-predominant period compared to early waves of the pandemic. The Ch…
View article: HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Persons with Monkeypox — Eight U.S. Jurisdictions, May 17–July 22, 2022
HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Persons with Monkeypox — Eight U.S. Jurisdictions, May 17–July 22, 2022 Open
High prevalences of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been reported in the current global monkeypox outbreak, which has affected primarily gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) (1-5). In previous …
View article: Outbreak investigation of CRAB at an acute-care hospital ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic–Chicago, Illinois, March 2020–September 2021
Outbreak investigation of CRAB at an acute-care hospital ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic–Chicago, Illinois, March 2020–September 2021 Open
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is primarily associated with hospital-acquired infections and is an urgent public health threat due to its ability to contaminate the environment and cause severe disease. In …
View article: Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 transmission with a novel outpatient sentinel surveillance system in Chicago, USA
Tracking changes in SARS-CoV-2 transmission with a novel outpatient sentinel surveillance system in Chicago, USA Open
Public health indicators typically used for COVID-19 surveillance can be biased or lag changing community transmission patterns. The United States city of Chicago opportunistically investigated whether sentinel surveillance of recently sym…
View article: 125. Antimicrobial Stewardship Hospital Activities to Promote Antibiotic Awareness Week 2019, Chicago, IL
125. Antimicrobial Stewardship Hospital Activities to Promote Antibiotic Awareness Week 2019, Chicago, IL Open
Background U.S. Antibiotic Awareness Week (USAAW) is an annual campaign to increase knowledge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threats and the importance of appropriate antibiotic use. USAAW will be observed November 18-24, 2021 in cadenc…
View article: Multiple Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a University Outbreak After Spring Break — Chicago, Illinois, March–May 2021
Multiple Variants of SARS-CoV-2 in a University Outbreak After Spring Break — Chicago, Illinois, March–May 2021 Open
To prevent transmission of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, colleges and universities have implemented multiple strategies including testing, isolation, quarantine, contact tracing, masking, and vaccination. In April 2021, the C…
View article: Community-Based Testing for SARS-CoV-2 — Chicago, Illinois, May–November 2020
Community-Based Testing for SARS-CoV-2 — Chicago, Illinois, May–November 2020 Open
On May 13, 2020, Chicago established a free community-based testing (CBT) initiative for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The initiative focused on demographic grou…
View article: Positive Correlation Between <i>Candida auris</i> Skin-Colonization Burden and Environmental Contamination at a Ventilator-Capable Skilled Nursing Facility in Chicago
Positive Correlation Between <i>Candida auris</i> Skin-Colonization Burden and Environmental Contamination at a Ventilator-Capable Skilled Nursing Facility in Chicago Open
Background Candida auris is an emerging multidrug-resistant yeast that contaminates healthcare environments causing healthcare-associated outbreaks. The mechanisms facilitating contamination are not established. Methods C. auris was quanti…
View article: Lack of Serologic Evidence of Infection Among Health Care Personnel and Other Contacts of First 2 Confirmed Patients With COVID-19 in Illinois, 2020
Lack of Serologic Evidence of Infection Among Health Care Personnel and Other Contacts of First 2 Confirmed Patients With COVID-19 in Illinois, 2020 Open
Objectives Widespread global transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), continues. Many questions remain about asymptomatic or atypical infections an…
View article: Risk Factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Homeless Shelters in Chicago, Illinois—March–May, 2020
Risk Factors for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection in Homeless Shelters in Chicago, Illinois—March–May, 2020 Open
Background People experiencing homelessness are at increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but little is known about specific risk factors for infection within homeless shelters. Methods We performed widespread severe acute …
View article: Regional Impact of a CRE Intervention Targeting High Risk Postacute Care Facilities (Chicago PROTECT)
Regional Impact of a CRE Intervention Targeting High Risk Postacute Care Facilities (Chicago PROTECT) Open
Background: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are endemic in the Chicago region. We assessed the regional impact of a CRE control intervention targeting high-prevalence facilities; that is, long-term acute-care hospitals (LTACH…
View article: Repeated Prevalence Surveys and Admission Screening for <i>Candida auris</i> at One Long-Term Acute-Care Hospital, Chicago, 2016–2019
Repeated Prevalence Surveys and Admission Screening for <i>Candida auris</i> at One Long-Term Acute-Care Hospital, Chicago, 2016–2019 Open
Background: Since the initial identification of Candida auris in 2016 in Chicago, ongoing spread has been documented in the Chicago area, primarily among older adults with complex medical issues admitted to high-acuity long-term care facil…
View article: <i>Candida auris</i> and Carbapenemase-Producing Organism Prevalence in an Extended Stay Pediatric Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, 2019
<i>Candida auris</i> and Carbapenemase-Producing Organism Prevalence in an Extended Stay Pediatric Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, 2019 Open
Background: Candida auris and carbapenemase-producing organisms (CPO) are multidrug-resistant organisms that can colonize people for prolonged periods and can cause invasive infections and spread in healthcare settings, particularly in hig…