Mathias Chamaillard
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View article: Colorectal cancer patient outcome is influenced by tumour-adherent bacteria through epigenetic regulation of cardinal genes including PHLPP1
Colorectal cancer patient outcome is influenced by tumour-adherent bacteria through epigenetic regulation of cardinal genes including PHLPP1 Open
Objective How tumour-adherent microbiome can influence outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods and analysis CRC tissues (n=97) were analysed using RNAseq, whole exome sequencing (WES) and 16 r sRNA sequencing. Inflammato…
View article: Poor prognosis in IBD-complicated colon cancer through gut dysbiosis-related immune response failure
Poor prognosis in IBD-complicated colon cancer through gut dysbiosis-related immune response failure Open
Summary Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) results from the accumulation of mutations and epigenetic changes in gut epithelial cells likely due to gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, limited research has been done to explore the link betwee…
View article: naRNA-LL37 composite DAMPs define sterile NETs as self-propagating drivers of inflammation
naRNA-LL37 composite DAMPs define sterile NETs as self-propagating drivers of inflammation Open
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a key antimicrobial feature of cellular innate immunity mediated by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs). NETs counteract microbes but are also linked to inflammation in atherosclerosis, arthritis,…
View article: The colibactin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> alters the tumor microenvironment to immunosuppressive lipid overload facilitating colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance
The colibactin-producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> alters the tumor microenvironment to immunosuppressive lipid overload facilitating colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance Open
Intratumoral bacteria flexibly contribute to cellular and molecular tumor heterogeneity for supporting cancer recurrence through poorly understood mechanisms. Using spatial metabolomic profiling technologies and 16SrRNA sequencing, we here…
View article: The biotherapeutic <i>Clostridium butyricum</i> MIYAIRI 588 strain potentiates enterotropism of Rorγt <sup>+</sup> Treg and PD-1 blockade efficacy
The biotherapeutic <i>Clostridium butyricum</i> MIYAIRI 588 strain potentiates enterotropism of Rorγt <sup>+</sup> Treg and PD-1 blockade efficacy Open
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have been positioned as a standard of care for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLC). A pilot clinical trial has reflected optimistic association between supplementation with Cl…
View article: NLRP6 controls pulmonary inflammation from cigarette smoke in a gut microbiota-dependent manner
NLRP6 controls pulmonary inflammation from cigarette smoke in a gut microbiota-dependent manner Open
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health issue primarily caused by cigarette smoke (CS) and characterized by breathlessness and repeated airway inflammation. NLRP6 is a cytosolic innate receptor controlling intestinal…
View article: <i>Parvimonas micra</i> , an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human colonocytes
<i>Parvimonas micra</i> , an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human colonocytes Open
Recently, an intestinal dysbiotic microbiota with enrichment in oral cavity bacteria has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here, we characterize and investigate one of these oral pathobionts, the Gram-positive anaerobic c…
View article: Loss of NOD2 in macrophages improves colitis and tumorigenesis in a lysozyme-dependent manner
Loss of NOD2 in macrophages improves colitis and tumorigenesis in a lysozyme-dependent manner Open
Background Crohn’s disease (CD) is a complex and poorly understood myeloid-mediated disorder. Genetic variants with loss of function in the NOD2 gene confer an increased susceptibility to ileal CD. While Nod2 in myeloid cells may confer pr…
View article: Activation of Nod2 signaling upon norovirus infection enhances antiviral immunity and susceptibility to colitis
Activation of Nod2 signaling upon norovirus infection enhances antiviral immunity and susceptibility to colitis Open
Over 90% of epidemic non-bacterial gastroenteritis are caused by human noroviruses (NoVs), which persist in a substantial subset of people allowing their spread worldwide. This has led to a significant number of endemic cases and up to 70,…
View article: NOD2 in monocytes negatively regulates macrophage development through TNFalpha
NOD2 in monocytes negatively regulates macrophage development through TNFalpha Open
Objective It is believed that intestinal recruitment of monocytes from Crohn’s Disease (CD) patients who carry NOD2 risk alleles may repeatedly give rise to recruitment of pathogenic macrophages. We investigated an alternative possibility …
View article: The Colibactin-Producing<i>Escherichia coli</i>alters the tumor microenvironment to immunosuppressive lipid overload facilitating colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance
The Colibactin-Producing<i>Escherichia coli</i>alters the tumor microenvironment to immunosuppressive lipid overload facilitating colorectal cancer progression and chemoresistance Open
Intratumoral bacteria locally contribute to cellular and molecular tumor heterogeneity that support cancer stemness through poorly understood mechanisms. This study aims to explore how Colibactin-producing Escherichia coli (CoPEC) flexibly…
View article: Tirap controls Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosomal acidification
Tirap controls Mycobacterium tuberculosis phagosomal acidification Open
Progression of tuberculosis is tightly linked to a disordered immune balance, resulting in inability of the host to restrict intracellular bacterial replication and its subsequent dissemination. The immune response is mainly characterized …
View article: Characterisation of gut microbiota composition in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and its modulation by TNF inhibitor treatment
Characterisation of gut microbiota composition in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and its modulation by TNF inhibitor treatment Open
Objective To assess whether gut microbiota composition is associated with patient characteristics and may have predictive value on the response to TNF inhibitor (TNFi) treatment in axial spondyloarthritis (AxSpA). Methods The study involve…
View article: The NLRP6 protein is very faintly expressed in several normal and cancerous epithelial cells and may be confused with an unrelated protein
The NLRP6 protein is very faintly expressed in several normal and cancerous epithelial cells and may be confused with an unrelated protein Open
Nod-Like Receptor Pyrin domain-containing protein 6 (NLRP6), a member of the Nucleotide-oligomerization domain-Like Receptor (NLR) family of proteins, assembles together with the ASC protein to form an inflammasome upon stimulation by bact…
View article: Use of 2,6-diaminopurine as a potent suppressor of UGA premature stop codons in cystic fibrosis
Use of 2,6-diaminopurine as a potent suppressor of UGA premature stop codons in cystic fibrosis Open
View article: The extracellular matrix controls stem cell specification and crypt morphology in the developing and adult mouse gut
The extracellular matrix controls stem cell specification and crypt morphology in the developing and adult mouse gut Open
The rapid renewal of the epithelial gut lining is fuelled by stem cells that reside at the base of intestinal crypts. The signal transduction pathways and morphogens that regulate intestinal stem cell self-renewal and differentiation have …
View article: Oral supplementation with selected Lactobacillus acidophilus triggers IL-17-dependent innate defense response, activation of innate lymphoid cells type 3 and improves colitis
Oral supplementation with selected Lactobacillus acidophilus triggers IL-17-dependent innate defense response, activation of innate lymphoid cells type 3 and improves colitis Open
Live biotherapeutic products constitute an emerging therapeutic approach to prevent or treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a constituent of the human microbiota with probiotic potential, that is illustrated by i…
View article: Monocyte intrinsic NOD2 signalling inhibits pathogenic macrophage differentiation and its loss in inflammatory macrophages improves intestinal inflammation
Monocyte intrinsic NOD2 signalling inhibits pathogenic macrophage differentiation and its loss in inflammatory macrophages improves intestinal inflammation Open
Objective It is believed that intestinal recruitment of monocytes from Crohn’s Disease (CD) patients who carry NOD2 risk alleles may repeatedly give rise to recruitment of pathogenic macrophages. We investigated an alternative possibility …
View article: NOD2 dependent signalling exacerbates the intestinal epithelium injury and limits murine Norovirus propagation
NOD2 dependent signalling exacerbates the intestinal epithelium injury and limits murine Norovirus propagation Open
Over 90% of epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis are caused by human Noroviruses(NoV) which are persisting in a substantial subset of people allowing their spread worldwide. It leads to a significant number of endemic cases and up to 70,0…
View article: Harnessing the Vnn1 pantetheinase pathway boosts short chain fatty acids production and mucosal protection in colitis
Harnessing the Vnn1 pantetheinase pathway boosts short chain fatty acids production and mucosal protection in colitis Open
Objective In the management of patients with IBD, there is a need to identify prognostic markers and druggable biological pathways to improve mucosal repair and probe the efficacy of tumour necrosis factor alpha biologics. Vnn1 is a pantet…
View article: Harnessing the Vnn1 pantetheinase pathway boosts short chain fatty acids production and mucosal protection in colitis
Harnessing the Vnn1 pantetheinase pathway boosts short chain fatty acids production and mucosal protection in colitis Open
Objective In the management of patients with IBD, there is a need to identify prognostic markers and druggable biological pathways to improve mucosal repair and probe the efficacy of tumour necrosis factor alpha biologics. Vnn1 is a pantet…
View article: NOD-like receptors in asthma
NOD-like receptors in asthma Open
Asthma is an extremely prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the airway where innate and adaptive immune systems participate collectively with epithelial and other structural cells to cause airway hyperresponsiveness, mucus overproduct…
View article: <i>Parvimonas micra</i>, an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human primary intestinal epithelial cells
<i>Parvimonas micra</i>, an oral pathobiont associated with colorectal cancer, epigenetically reprograms human primary intestinal epithelial cells Open
Summary Recently, an intestinal dysbiotic microbiota with enrichment in oral cavity bacteria has been described in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Here we characterized and investigated one of these oral pathobionts, the Gram-positive an…
View article: Diurnal Interplay between Epithelium Physiology and Gut Microbiota as a Metronome for Orchestrating Immune and Metabolic Homeostasis
Diurnal Interplay between Epithelium Physiology and Gut Microbiota as a Metronome for Orchestrating Immune and Metabolic Homeostasis Open
The behavior and physiology of most organisms are temporally coordinated and aligned with geophysical time by a complex interplay between the master and peripheral clocks. Disruption of such rhythmic physiological activities that are hiera…
View article: Virulent Bacteria as Inflammatory and Immune Co-Factor in Colon Carcinogenesis: Evidence From Two Monozygotic Patients and Validation in CRC Patient and Healthy Cohorts
Virulent Bacteria as Inflammatory and Immune Co-Factor in Colon Carcinogenesis: Evidence From Two Monozygotic Patients and Validation in CRC Patient and Healthy Cohorts Open
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a common disease, the incidence of which is increasing according to Western lifestyle; it remains to have a poor prognosis. Western nutriments are presumed to induce mild inflammation within the colonic mucosa…
View article: M‐CSF‐mediated macrophage development is dominantly inhibited by NOD2 signaling for replenishment of immunogenic dendritic cells
M‐CSF‐mediated macrophage development is dominantly inhibited by NOD2 signaling for replenishment of immunogenic dendritic cells Open
Despite recent advances, it remains unclear whether monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (moDCs) represent alternative context‐dependent fate in the gut. We found here that Nod2‐ dependent sensing of bacteria lowers the ability of circulating …
View article: 6<sup>th</sup> European Congress of Immunology, 1–4 September 2021, Virtual meeting
6<sup>th</sup> European Congress of Immunology, 1–4 September 2021, Virtual meeting Open
International audience
View article: Oral Supplementation With Selected Lactobacillus Acidophilus Triggers Antimicrobial Response, Activation of Innate Lymphoid Cells Type 3 And Improves Colitis
Oral Supplementation With Selected Lactobacillus Acidophilus Triggers Antimicrobial Response, Activation of Innate Lymphoid Cells Type 3 And Improves Colitis Open
Live biotherapeutic products constitute an emerging therapeutic approach to prevent or treat inflammatory bowel diseases. Lactobacillus acidophilus is a constituent of the human microbiota with probiotic potential, that are illustrated by …
View article: Role of NLRs in the Regulation of Type I Interferon Signaling, Host Defense and Tolerance to Inflammation
Role of NLRs in the Regulation of Type I Interferon Signaling, Host Defense and Tolerance to Inflammation Open
Type I interferon signaling contributes to the development of innate and adaptive immune responses to either viruses, fungi, or bacteria. However, amplitude and timing of the interferon response is of utmost importance for preventing an un…
View article: NOD1 sensing of house dust mite–derived microbiota promotes allergic experimental asthma
NOD1 sensing of house dust mite–derived microbiota promotes allergic experimental asthma Open