Matthew J. Ballinger
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View article: Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(−) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025
Summary of taxonomy changes ratified by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) from the Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(−) Viruses Subcommittee, 2025 Open
RNA viruses are ubiquitous in the environment and are important pathogens of humans, animals and plants. In 2024, the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses Animal dsRNA and ssRNA(−) Viruses Subcommittee submitted 18 taxonomic prop…
View article: Annual (2024) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota)
Annual (2024) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota) Open
In April 2024, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was expanded by 1 new order, 1 new family, 6 new subfamilies, 34 new genera and …
View article: Correction: Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: Ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila
Correction: Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: Ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006431.].
View article: Evolution of specialized toxin arsenals in a bacterial symbiont of arthropods
Evolution of specialized toxin arsenals in a bacterial symbiont of arthropods Open
Bacteria commonly deploy toxic proteins that act with specificity on target molecules to support invasion and improve survival in competitive environments. Many toxin-encoding bacteria have evolved into host-associated defensive partnershi…
View article: Drosophila are hosts to the first described parasitoid wasp of adult flies
Drosophila are hosts to the first described parasitoid wasp of adult flies Open
View article: Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota)
Annual (2023) taxonomic update of RNA-directed RNA polymerase-encoding negative-sense RNA viruses (realm Riboviria: kingdom Orthornavirae: phylum Negarnaviricota) Open
In April 2023, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by one new family, 14 new gener…
View article: The toxins of vertically transmitted Spiroplasma
The toxins of vertically transmitted Spiroplasma Open
Vertically transmitted (VT) microbial symbionts play a vital role in the evolution of their insect hosts. A longstanding question in symbiont research is what genes help promote long-term stability of vertically transmitted lifestyles. Sym…
View article: 2022 taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales
2022 taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales Open
View article: Highly transmissible cytoplasmic incompatibility by the extracellular insect symbiont Spiroplasma
Highly transmissible cytoplasmic incompatibility by the extracellular insect symbiont Spiroplasma Open
View article: Evolution and diversity of inherited viruses in the Nearctic phantom midge, <i>Chaoborus americanus</i>
Evolution and diversity of inherited viruses in the Nearctic phantom midge, <i>Chaoborus americanus</i> Open
Inherited mutualists, parasites, and commensals occupy one of the most intimate ecological niches available to invertebrate-associated microbes. How this transmission environment influences microbial evolution is increasingly understood fo…
View article: Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales
Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales Open
View article: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales
2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales Open
View article: 2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales
2020 taxonomic update for phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales Open
In March 2020, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. At the genus rank, 20 new genera were added, two were d…
Evolutionary persistence of insect bunyavirus infection despite host acquisition and expression of the viral nucleoprotein gene Open
View article: Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: update 2019
Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: update 2019 Open
View article: Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: second update 2018
Taxonomy of the order Bunyavirales: second update 2018 Open
View article: Toxin and Genome Evolution in a<i>Drosophila</i>Defensive Symbiosis
Toxin and Genome Evolution in a<i>Drosophila</i>Defensive Symbiosis Open
Defenses conferred by microbial symbionts play a vital role in the health and fitness of their animal hosts. An important outstanding question in the study of defensive symbiosis is what determines long term stability and effectiveness aga…
View article: Cellular production of a counterfeit viral protein confers immunity to infection by a related virus
Cellular production of a counterfeit viral protein confers immunity to infection by a related virus Open
DNA copies of many non-retroviral RNA virus genes or portions thereof (NIRVs) are present in the nuclear genomes of many eukaryotes. These have often been preserved for millions of years of evolution, suggesting that they play an important…
View article: Evolution and Diversity of Inherited Spiroplasma Symbionts in Myrmica Ants
Evolution and Diversity of Inherited Spiroplasma Symbionts in Myrmica Ants Open
Microbial partners play important roles in the biology and ecology of animals. In insects, maternally transmitted symbionts are especially common and can have host effects ranging from reproductive manipulation to nutrient provisioning and…
View article: Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: Ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila
Generality of toxins in defensive symbiosis: Ribosome-inactivating proteins and defense against parasitic wasps in Drosophila Open
While it has become increasingly clear that multicellular organisms often harbor microbial symbionts that protect their hosts against natural enemies, the mechanistic underpinnings underlying most defensive symbioses are largely unknown. S…
View article: Unexpected differences in the population genetics of phasmavirids (Bunyavirales) from subarctic ponds
Unexpected differences in the population genetics of phasmavirids (Bunyavirales) from subarctic ponds Open
Little is known of the evolution of RNA viruses in aquatic systems. Here, we assess the genetic connectivity of two bunyaviruses (Kigluaik phantom orthophasmavirus or KIGV and Nome phantom orthophasmavirus or NOMV) with zoopl…