Max Rubinstein
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View article: Choosing an analytic approach: key study design considerations in state policy evaluation
Choosing an analytic approach: key study design considerations in state policy evaluation Open
This paper reviews and details methods for state policy evaluation to guide selection of a research approach, based on an evaluation’s setting and available data. We highlight key design considerations for an analysis, including treatment …
View article: Using GPT‐4 for Title and Abstract Screening in a Literature Review of Public Policies: A Feasibility Study
Using GPT‐4 for Title and Abstract Screening in a Literature Review of Public Policies: A Feasibility Study Open
Introduction We describe the first known use of large language models (LLMs) to screen titles and abstracts in a review of public policy literature. Our objective was to assess the percentage of articles GPT‐4 recommended for exclusion tha…
View article: Choosing an analytic approach: Key study design considerations in state policy evaluation
Choosing an analytic approach: Key study design considerations in state policy evaluation Open
This paper reviews and details methods for state policy evaluation to guide selection of a research approach based on evaluation setting and available data. We highlight key design considerations for an analysis, including treatment and co…
View article: Assessing Bias and Precision in State Policy Evaluations: A Comparative Analysis of Time-Varying Estimators Using Policy Simulations
Assessing Bias and Precision in State Policy Evaluations: A Comparative Analysis of Time-Varying Estimators Using Policy Simulations Open
Using state-level opioid overdose mortality data from 1999-2016, we simulated four time-varying treatment scenarios, which correspond to real-world policy dynamics (ramp up, ramp down, temporary and inconsistent). We then evaluated seven c…
View article: Mediated probabilities of causation
Mediated probabilities of causation Open
We propose a set of causal estimands that we call “the mediated probabilities of causation.” These estimands quantify the probabilities that an observed negative outcome was induced via a mediating pathway versus a direct pathway in a styl…
View article: Comparing Health Survey Data Cost and Quality Between Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and Ipsos’ KnowledgePanel: Observational Study
Comparing Health Survey Data Cost and Quality Between Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and Ipsos’ KnowledgePanel: Observational Study Open
Background Researchers have many options for web-based survey data collection, ranging from access to curated probability-based panels, where individuals are selectively invited to join based on their membership in a representative populat…
View article: Bounding causal effects with an unknown mixture of informative and non-informative censoring
Bounding causal effects with an unknown mixture of informative and non-informative censoring Open
In experimental and observational data settings, researchers often have limited knowledge of the reasons for censored or missing outcomes. To address this uncertainty, we propose bounds on causal effects for censored outcomes, accommodatin…
View article: Autoregressive models for panel data causal inference with application to state-level opioid policies
Autoregressive models for panel data causal inference with application to state-level opioid policies Open
Motivated by the study of state opioid policies, we propose a novel approach that uses autoregressive models for causal effect estimation in settings with panel data and staggered treatment adoption. Specifically, we seek to estimate the i…
View article: Mediated probabilities of causation
Mediated probabilities of causation Open
We propose a set of causal estimands that we call the "mediated probabilities of causation." These estimands quantify the probabilities that an observed negative outcome was induced via a mediating pathway versus a direct pathway in a styl…
View article: Generalized difference-in-differences
Generalized difference-in-differences Open
We propose a new method for estimating causal effects in longitudinal/panel data settings that we call generalized difference-in-differences. Our approach unifies two alternative approaches in these settings: ignorability estimators (e.g.,…
View article: The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccinations on Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety During February 2021
The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccinations on Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety During February 2021 Open
Using the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey, we estimate the average effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported feelings of depression and anxiety, isolation, and worries about health among vaccine-accepting respondents in February 2…
View article: The effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported depression and anxiety during February 2021
The effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported depression and anxiety during February 2021 Open
Using the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey, we find that COVID-19 vaccinations reduced the prevalence of self-reported feelings of depression and anxiety, isolation, and worries about health among vaccine-accepting respondents in February…
View article: The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccinations on Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety During February 2021
The Effect of COVID-19 Vaccinations on Self-Reported Depression and Anxiety During February 2021 Open
Using the COVID-19 Trends and Impact Survey, we estimate the average effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported feelings of depression and anxiety, isolation, and worries about health among vaccine-accepting respondents in February 2…
View article: Heterogeneous interventional effects with multiple mediators: Semiparametric and nonparametric approaches
Heterogeneous interventional effects with multiple mediators: Semiparametric and nonparametric approaches Open
We propose semiparametric and nonparametric methods to estimate conditional interventional indirect effects in the setting of two discrete mediators whose causal ordering is unknown. Average interventional indirect effects have been shown …
View article: Heterogeneous interventional indirect effects with multiple mediators: non-parametric and semi-parametric approaches
Heterogeneous interventional indirect effects with multiple mediators: non-parametric and semi-parametric approaches Open
We propose semi- and non-parametric methods to estimate conditional interventional effects in the setting of two discrete mediators whose causal ordering is unknown. Average interventional indirect effects have been shown to decompose an a…
View article: Time trends, factors associated with, and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A massive online survey of US adults from January-May 2021
Time trends, factors associated with, and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A massive online survey of US adults from January-May 2021 Open
Importance COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has become a leading barrier to increasing the US vaccination rate. Objective To evaluate time trends in COVID-19 vaccine intent during the US vaccine rollout, and identify key factors related to and s…
View article: The effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported depression and anxiety during February 2021
The effect of COVID-19 vaccinations on self-reported depression and anxiety during February 2021 Open
Using the COVID-19 Trends and Impact survey, we find that COVID-19 vaccinations reduced the prevalence of self-reported feelings of depression and anxiety, isolation, and worries about health among vaccine-accepting respondents in February…
View article: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy January-May 2021 among 18–64 year old US adults by employment and occupation
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy January-May 2021 among 18–64 year old US adults by employment and occupation Open
View article: Time trends, factors associated with, and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a massive online survey of US adults: January-May 2021
Time trends, factors associated with, and reasons for COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a massive online survey of US adults: January-May 2021 Open
Importance COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy has become a leading barrier to increasing the US vaccination rate. Objective To evaluate time trends in COVID-19 vaccine intent during the US vaccine rollout, and identify key factors related to and s…
View article: The Effect of Medicaid Expansion on Non-Elderly Adult Uninsurance Rates Among States that did not Expand Medicaid
The Effect of Medicaid Expansion on Non-Elderly Adult Uninsurance Rates Among States that did not Expand Medicaid Open
We estimate the effect of Medicaid expansion on the adult uninsurance rate in states that did not expand Medicaid in 2014. Using data from the American Community Survey (ACS), we estimate this effect - the treatment effect on the controls …
View article: Balancing weights for region-level analysis: the effect of Medicaid Expansion on the uninsurance rate among states that did not expand Medicaid
Balancing weights for region-level analysis: the effect of Medicaid Expansion on the uninsurance rate among states that did not expand Medicaid Open
We predict the average effect of Medicaid expansion on the non-elderly adult uninsurance rate among states that did not expand Medicaid in 2014 as if they had expanded their Medicaid eligibility requirements. Using American Community Surve…
View article: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy January-May 2021 among 18-64 year old US adults by employment and occupation
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy January-May 2021 among 18-64 year old US adults by employment and occupation Open
COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy threatens pandemic control efforts. We evaluated vaccine hesitancy in the US by employment status and occupation category during the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. US adults 18-64 years completed an online COVID-19 su…
View article: 281 Incidence and Predictors of Elbow Injury in Children With Distal Forearm Fractures
281 Incidence and Predictors of Elbow Injury in Children With Distal Forearm Fractures Open
View article: Comparative effectiveness of Fibrin sealants in Cardiac Surgery
Comparative effectiveness of Fibrin sealants in Cardiac Surgery Open