Michael Levin
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View article: Evolution by natural induction II: further interactions with natural selection
Evolution by natural induction II: further interactions with natural selection Open
Natural induction is a different adaptive mechanism from natural selection. It occurs in dynamical systems described by a network of interactions, where connections give way slightly under stress and the system is subject to occasional per…
View article: Evolution by natural induction
Evolution by natural induction Open
It is conventionally assumed that all evolutionary adaptation is produced, and could only possibly be produced, by natural selection. Natural induction is a different mechanism of adaptation. It occurs in dynamical systems described by a n…
View article: Top-down perspectives on cell membrane potential and protein transcription
Top-down perspectives on cell membrane potential and protein transcription Open
We have explored a simple model for the multicellular interplay between bioelectricity and protein transcription using a top-down perspective that offers new insights complementary to the commonly used bottom-up descriptions. We model the …
View article: Atavistic Genetic Expression Dissociation ( <scp>AGED</scp> ) During Aging: Meta‐Phylostratigraphic Evidence of Cellular and Tissue‐Level Phylogenetic Dissociation
Atavistic Genetic Expression Dissociation ( <span>AGED</span> ) During Aging: Meta‐Phylostratigraphic Evidence of Cellular and Tissue‐Level Phylogenetic Dissociation Open
Aging is commonly attributed to accumulated damage, or evolved antagonistic genetic trade‐offs, which lead to an accumulation of damage causing misexpression of genes necessary for longevity. We propose an atavistic dysregulation of gene e…
View article: Cognition all the way down 2.0: neuroscience beyond neurons in the diverse intelligence era
Cognition all the way down 2.0: neuroscience beyond neurons in the diverse intelligence era Open
This paper formalizes biological intelligence as search efficiency in multi-scale problem spaces, aiming to resolve epistemic deadlocks in the basal “cognition wars” unfolding in the Diverse Intelligence research program. It extends classi…
View article: Aging as a Loss of Goal‐Directedness: An Evolutionary Simulation and Analysis Unifying Regeneration with Anatomical Rejuvenation
Aging as a Loss of Goal‐Directedness: An Evolutionary Simulation and Analysis Unifying Regeneration with Anatomical Rejuvenation Open
Although substantial advancements are made in manipulating lifespan in model organisms, the fundamental mechanisms driving aging remain elusive. No comprehensive computational platform is capable of making predictions on aging in multicell…
View article: Identification of brain-like complex information architectures in embryonic tissue of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> organoids
Identification of brain-like complex information architectures in embryonic tissue of <i>Xenopus laevis</i> organoids Open
Understanding how populations of cells collectively coordinate activity to produce the complex structures and behaviors that characterize multicellular organisms, and which coordinated activities, if any, survive processes that reshape cel…
View article: Selves as Perspectives: From Biological Life to Superintelligence and a Bodhisattva Project
Selves as Perspectives: From Biological Life to Superintelligence and a Bodhisattva Project Open
What, fundamentally, are intelligent Selves? Drawing on Buddhist epistemology, we reconceptualize intelligent agents as active perspectives distinguished solely by their perceived objects. Extending ideas from the field of Diverse Intellig…
View article: Equilibrium flow: From Snapshots to Dynamics
Equilibrium flow: From Snapshots to Dynamics Open
Scientific data, from cellular snapshots in biology to celestial distributions in cosmology, often consists of static patterns from underlying dynamical systems. These snapshots, while lacking temporal ordering, implicitly encode the proce…
View article: AI-Guided Resetting of Memories in Gene Regulatory Network Models: biomedical and evolutionary implications
AI-Guided Resetting of Memories in Gene Regulatory Network Models: biomedical and evolutionary implications Open
Molecular pathways such as gene-regulatory networks regulate numerous functions in cells and tissues that impact embryonic development, regenerative repair, aging, cancer, and many other aspects of health and disease. One important aspect …
View article: ZapGPT: Free-form Language Prompting for Simulated Cellular Control
ZapGPT: Free-form Language Prompting for Simulated Cellular Control Open
Human language is one of the most expressive tools for conveying intent, yet most artificial or biological systems lack mechanisms to interpret or respond meaningfully to it. Bridging this gap could enable more natural forms of control ove…
View article: Temporal depth in a coherent self and in depersonalization: theoretical model
Temporal depth in a coherent self and in depersonalization: theoretical model Open
Multiple theoretical models of dissociative experiences have been formulated over the last century. These theories are clinically useful; however, it remains unclear if common factors exist in various pathways leading to an onset of dissoc…
View article: Sustained Serotonergic Stimulation Platform for Peripheral Axonal Regeneration
Sustained Serotonergic Stimulation Platform for Peripheral Axonal Regeneration Open
This study presents promising results regarding the potential of serotonin agonists to aid in peripheral nerve recovery. Additional investigation into these findings could inform new treatment strategies for peripheral nerve injuries.
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Diverse Intelligence: an essential field for questions of AI and Consciousness
Diverse Intelligence: an essential field for questions of AI and Consciousness Open
Seth’s insightful discussion ("Conscious artificial intelligence and biological naturalism" by Anil K. Seth, in Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 2025) must be extended in light of the field of Diverse Intelligence. Broader understanding of e…
View article: Exploring the role of large language models in the scientific method: from hypothesis to discovery
Exploring the role of large language models in the scientific method: from hypothesis to discovery Open
We review how Large Language Models (LLMs) are redefining the scientific method and explore their potential applications across different stages of the scientific cycle, from hypothesis testing to discovery. We conclude that, for LLMs to s…
View article: Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Activate Sensory Neurons via TRPV1 to Drive Nerve Outgrowth and Tumor Progression
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells Activate Sensory Neurons via TRPV1 to Drive Nerve Outgrowth and Tumor Progression Open
The tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by increased sensory nerve density, which contributes to cancer progression by promoting migration and metastasis. However, the origin of tumor-innervating…
View article: Giving Simulated Cells a Voice: Evolving Prompt-to-Intervention Models for Cellular Control
Giving Simulated Cells a Voice: Evolving Prompt-to-Intervention Models for Cellular Control Open
Guiding biological systems toward desired states, such as morphogenetic outcomes, remains a fundamental challenge with far-reaching implications for medicine and synthetic biology. While large language models (LLMs) have enabled natural la…
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it)
Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it) Open
Large language models (LLMs) are poised to become a ubiquitous feature of our lives, mediating communication, decision-making and information curation across nearly every domain. Within psychiatry and psychology the focus to date has remai…
View article: Emergent Collective Reproduction via Evolving Neuronal Flocks
Emergent Collective Reproduction via Evolving Neuronal Flocks Open
This study advances the understanding of evolutionary transitions in individuality (ETIs) through a novel artificial life framework, VitaNova, which integrates self-organization and natural selection to simulate the emergence of complex, r…
View article: AI-enabled drug prediction and gene network analysis reveal therapeutic use of vorinostat for Rett Syndrome in preclinical models
AI-enabled drug prediction and gene network analysis reveal therapeutic use of vorinostat for Rett Syndrome in preclinical models Open
Although vorinostat is an inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDAC), it unexpectedly reverses the Rett phenotype by restoring protein acetylation across hypo- and hyperacetylated tissues, suggesting its activity is based on a previously unk…