Michael Caffrey
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View article: 3D Radio Frequency Mapping and Polarization Observations Show Lightning Flashes Were Ignited by Cosmic‐Ray Showers
3D Radio Frequency Mapping and Polarization Observations Show Lightning Flashes Were Ignited by Cosmic‐Ray Showers Open
Previous 2D radio frequency interferometric observations showed that lightning is commonly started with a positive fast discharge (+FD) before a normal negative leader continues from the origin of the +FD to the ensuing lightning flash. Ho…
View article: Hardness by design technique for field programmable gate arrays.
Hardness by design technique for field programmable gate arrays. Open
FPGAs are an attractive alternative for many space-based computing operations. While radiation hardened FPGAs are available, SRAM-based FPGAs are susceptible to Single-Event Upsets (SEUs). Several FPGA design hardening techniques are inves…
View article: Validation of an FPGA fault simulator.
Validation of an FPGA fault simulator. Open
This work describes the radiation testing of a fault simulation tool used to study the behavior of FPGA circuits in the presence of configuration memory upsets . There is increasing interest in the use of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FP…
View article: Noise impact of single-event upsets on an FPGA-based digital filter
Noise impact of single-event upsets on an FPGA-based digital filter Open
Field-programmable gate arrays are well-suited to DSP and digital communications applications. SRAM-based FPGAs, however, are susceptible to radiation-induced single-event upsets (SEUs) when deployed in space environments. These effects ar…
View article: The Cibola flight experiment
The Cibola flight experiment Open
The Cibola Flight Experiment (CFE) is an experimental small satellite carrying a reconfigurable processing instrument developed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory that demonstrates the feasibility of using FPGA-based high-performance co…
View article: Three‐Dimensional Broadband Interferometric Mapping and Polarization (BIMAP‐3D) Observations of Lightning Discharge Processes
Three‐Dimensional Broadband Interferometric Mapping and Polarization (BIMAP‐3D) Observations of Lightning Discharge Processes Open
Following on our earlier single‐station, 2‐dimensional (2D) broadband interferometric mapping and polarization (BIMAP) observations of lightning discharges, we recently deployed two BIMAP stations at Los Alamos National Laboratory to map t…
View article: Energy efficiency in wireless communication systems
Energy efficiency in wireless communication systems Open
Wireless communication systems and methods utilize one or more remote terminals, one or more base terminals, and a communication channel between the remote terminal(s) and base terminal(s). The remote terminal applies a direct sequence spr…
View article: NACHOS, a CubeSat-based high-resolution UV-Visible hyperspectral imager for remote sensing of trace gases: system overview and science objectives
NACHOS, a CubeSat-based high-resolution UV-Visible hyperspectral imager for remote sensing of trace gases: system overview and science objectives Open
Here, the Nano-satellite Atmospheric Chemistry Hyperspectral Observation System (NACHOS) is a high-throughput (f/2.9), high spectral resolution (~1.3 nm optical resolution, 0.6 nm sampling) Offner-design hyperspectral imager operating in t…
View article: Perseverance’s Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) Investigation
Perseverance’s Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) Investigation Open
The Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman and Luminescence for Organics and Chemicals (SHERLOC) is a robotic arm-mounted instrument on NASA’s Perseverance rover. SHERLOC has two primary boresights. The Spectroscopy boresight generates…
View article: The SuperCam Instrument for the Mars 2020 Rover
The SuperCam Instrument for the Mars 2020 Rover Open
In mid-2019, the SuperCam instrument was installed aboard NASA's Mars 2020 rover, which is scheduled for launch in July 2020 and a landing at Jezero crater in February 2021. SuperCam is a collaboration between Los Alamos National Laborator…
View article: Broadband RF Interferometric Mapping and Polarization (BIMAP) Observations of Lightning Discharges: Revealing New Physics Insights Into Breakdown Processes
Broadband RF Interferometric Mapping and Polarization (BIMAP) Observations of Lightning Discharges: Revealing New Physics Insights Into Breakdown Processes Open
Broadband radio frequency (RF) interferometry was first introduced in 1996 for lightning studies. The technique has since been improved significantly and has been increasingly widely used in the lightning community. In addition to the inte…