Michael Dufner
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View article: The price of fame? Mortality risk among famous singers
The price of fame? Mortality risk among famous singers Open
Background Is being famous a risk factor for premature death? Previous studies indicate that famous musicians have a higher mortality risk compared with the general population. However, these studies did not disentangle whether fame contri…
View article: Estimating the Reliability and Stability of Emotional Variability Across Time
Estimating the Reliability and Stability of Emotional Variability Across Time Open
Interest in emotional variability as an interindividual difference is growing. Yet, basic features of the construct, such as its stability and reliability, are not well understood. To address this gap, we examined two longitudinal data set…
View article: Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts
Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts Open
Studies have linked personality dispositions to important social evaluations, such as how much power individuals are granted, or how much they are liked. Yet, these links are not always consistent and seem to depend on the social context. …
View article: The Ego’s Bodyguard: The Role of Personality in Self-Protective Reactions
The Ego’s Bodyguard: The Role of Personality in Self-Protective Reactions Open
When faced with self-threat, people often engage in self-protective reactions. Yet not everyone does. The extent to which self-protection occurs, is thought to depend on people’s personality. We put this claim to test by considering multip…
View article: Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts
Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts Open
Studies have linked personality dispositions to important social evaluations, such as howmuch power individuals are granted, or how much they are liked. Yet, these links are notalways consistent and seem to depend on the social context. We…
View article: Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts
Behavioral and Valuation Contingency: Why the Same Dispositions Lead to Different Social Evaluations Across Contexts Open
Studies have linked personality dispositions to important social evaluations, such as howmuch power individuals are granted, or how much they are liked. Yet, these links are notalways consistent and seem to depend on the social context. We…
View article: Who is moved to tears easily? Individual differences in Kama Muta proneness and their relation to personality
Who is moved to tears easily? Individual differences in Kama Muta proneness and their relation to personality Open
The term “Kama Muta” (Sanskrit, “being moved by love”) describes the feeling of being emotionally touched or moved. Even though the scholarly literature on Kama Muta is growing, little is known about individual differences in experiencing …
View article: Estimating the Reliability and Stability of Emotional Variability Across Time
Estimating the Reliability and Stability of Emotional Variability Across Time Open
Interest in emotional variability as an interindividual difference is growing. Yet, basic features of the construct, such as its stability and reliability, are not well understood. To address this gap, we examined two longitudinal data set…
View article: The quest for genuine self-knowledge: An investigation into individual differences in the self-insight motive
The quest for genuine self-knowledge: An investigation into individual differences in the self-insight motive Open
The self-insight motive (SIM; also known under the label self-assessment motive ) describes the dispositional tendency to strive for accurate self-knowledge. The current research includes five multimethodological studies (total N = 3667) t…
View article: How Are Provided and Received Social Support Related to Relationship Satisfaction and Self-Esteem? A Comprehensive Test of Competing Hypotheses
How Are Provided and Received Social Support Related to Relationship Satisfaction and Self-Esteem? A Comprehensive Test of Competing Hypotheses Open
The amount of social support partners provide and receive in romantic relationships is important for psychological well-being. But in what sense exactly? Divergent and highly nuanced hypotheses exist in the literature. We explicitly spelle…
View article: Eyes on the prize: Narcissism and visual attention to status and affiliation
Eyes on the prize: Narcissism and visual attention to status and affiliation Open
This eye tracking study tested the hypothesis that narcissists’ visual attention is motivated, focusing on two fundamental social motives: status and affiliation. We measured participants’ full narcissism spectrum (narcissistic agency, ant…
View article: Our versus their narcissist: Are narcissistic persons more popular in their ingroup than in a competing outgroup?
Our versus their narcissist: Are narcissistic persons more popular in their ingroup than in a competing outgroup? Open
In this registered report ( N = 423), we investigated in a competitive intergroup context to what extent the perception of targets scoring high in grandiose narcissism varies depending on whether they belong to one’s own group or to an opp…
View article: Eyes on the Prize: Narcissism and Visual Attention to Status and Affiliation
Eyes on the Prize: Narcissism and Visual Attention to Status and Affiliation Open
NOTE: Article in press in Personality Science. This is the accepted manuscript. It has not undergone typesetting or copy-editing. This eye tracking study tested the hypothesis that narcissists’ visual attention is motivated, focusing on tw…
View article: Beyond the Lab: Validating Personality Impressions and Behavioral Observations in Online Video Calls
Beyond the Lab: Validating Personality Impressions and Behavioral Observations in Online Video Calls Open
Observations of behavior are of central importance in social-personality psychology. A major downside of such observations, however, is that they are highly costly in terms of the required logistics, time, financial resources, and effort. …
View article: Do Objective and Peer-perceived Qualities Moderate the Effect of Narcissism on Social Outcomes?
Do Objective and Peer-perceived Qualities Moderate the Effect of Narcissism on Social Outcomes? Open
Narcissistic individuals have a strong desire for attracting short-term mates, being influential in groups, and attaining prestige and material wealth. Past research suggests that narcissistic individuals are also quite successful in attai…
View article: The Peaks and Valleys of Narcissism: The Factor Structure of Narcissistic States and Their Relations to Trait Measures
The Peaks and Valleys of Narcissism: The Factor Structure of Narcissistic States and Their Relations to Trait Measures Open
Although inter-individual differences in narcissism are well studied, little is known about assessing narcissism at the within-person level. To fill this research gap, we investigated whether the narcissism construct is represented in the …
View article: Who Gets the Credit for Success and the Blame for Failure? On the Links Between Narcissism and Self- and Group-Serving Biases
Who Gets the Credit for Success and the Blame for Failure? On the Links Between Narcissism and Self- and Group-Serving Biases Open
People often attribute success to themselves and failure to others. Past research indicates that this tendency toward self-serving attributions is pronounced among individuals high in trait narcissism. The aim of this registered report was…
View article: An EMG-based approach toward the assessment of implicit self-esteem
An EMG-based approach toward the assessment of implicit self-esteem Open
View article: On How to Be Liked in First Encounters: The Effects of Agentic and Communal Behaviors on Popularity and Unique Liking
On How to Be Liked in First Encounters: The Effects of Agentic and Communal Behaviors on Popularity and Unique Liking Open
When meeting other people for the first time, how should one behave in order to be liked? We investigated the effects of agentic and communal behaviors on two forms of being liked: popularity (being generally liked by others) and unique li…
View article: Double-Tap or Scroll Away? The Social Costs of Humblebragging on Instagram
Double-Tap or Scroll Away? The Social Costs of Humblebragging on Instagram Open
View article: Motive Perception at First Impressions: On the Relevance of Targets’ Explicit and Implicit Motive Dispositions
Motive Perception at First Impressions: On the Relevance of Targets’ Explicit and Implicit Motive Dispositions Open
When people judge the motive dispositions of unacquainted others, are their judgments accurate representations of the targets’ explicit motives, their implicit motives, or both? To address this question, we assessed target persons’ explici…
View article: On How to be Liked in First Encounters: The Effects of Agentic and Communal Behaviors on Popularity and Unique Liking
On How to be Liked in First Encounters: The Effects of Agentic and Communal Behaviors on Popularity and Unique Liking Open
When meeting others for the first time, how should one behave in order to be liked? We investigated the effects of agentic and communal behaviors on two forms of being liked, popularity (being generally liked by others) and unique liking (…
View article: The True Role that Suppressor Effects Play in Condition-Based Regression Analysis: None. A Reply to Fiedler (2021)
The True Role that Suppressor Effects Play in Condition-Based Regression Analysis: None. A Reply to Fiedler (2021) Open
Condition-based regression analysis (CRA) is a statistical method for testing self-enhancement (SE) effects. That is, CRA indicates whether, in a set of empirical data, people with higher values on the directed discrepancy S R (self-view S…
View article: Do agency and communion explain the relationship between perceiver and target effects in interpersonal perception? A meta-analysis on generalized reciprocity.
Do agency and communion explain the relationship between perceiver and target effects in interpersonal perception? A meta-analysis on generalized reciprocity. Open
This meta-analysis examines generalized reciprocity, that is, the relationship between how people perceive others and how they are perceived by others. It tests the hypothesis that generalized reciprocity varies as a function of the conten…
View article: Do agency and communion explain the relationship between perceiver and target effects in interpersonal perception? A meta-analysis on generalized reciprocity.
Do agency and communion explain the relationship between perceiver and target effects in interpersonal perception? A meta-analysis on generalized reciprocity. Open
This meta-analysis examines generalized reciprocity, that is, the relationship between how people perceive others and how they are perceived by others. It tests the hypothesis that generalized reciprocity varies as a function of the conten…
View article: Narcissism and partner-enhancement at different relationship stages
Narcissism and partner-enhancement at different relationship stages Open
Partner-enhancement refers to perceiving the romantic partner more positively than one’s own self. Partner-enhancement often varies as a function of relationship duration: It is stronger in the earlier than later stage of a relationship. W…
View article: Positivity in peer perceptions over time: Personality explains variation at zero-acquaintance, popularity explains differential change.
Positivity in peer perceptions over time: Personality explains variation at zero-acquaintance, popularity explains differential change. Open
People have characteristic ways of perceiving others’ personalities. When judging others on several traits, some perceivers tend to form globally positive and others tend to form globally negative impressions. These differences, often term…
View article: Supplementary Materials for: Our Versus Their Narcissist: How People View Narcissistic Persons From Their Ingroup and From a Competing Outgroup
Supplementary Materials for: Our Versus Their Narcissist: How People View Narcissistic Persons From Their Ingroup and From a Competing Outgroup Open
Supplementary Materials
View article: Code for: Our Versus Their Narcissist: How People View Narcissistic Persons From Their Ingroup and From a Competing Outgroup
Code for: Our Versus Their Narcissist: How People View Narcissistic Persons From Their Ingroup and From a Competing Outgroup Open
Code for running all analyses
View article: A Process × Domain Assessment of Narcissism: The Domain-Specific Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire
A Process × Domain Assessment of Narcissism: The Domain-Specific Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire Open
Research on grandiose narcissism distinguishes between self-promotional processes (i.e., narcissistic admiration) and other-derogative processes (i.e., narcissistic rivalry; Back et al., 2013). Moreover, research has begun to assess and in…