Michael Eschbaumer
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View article: The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus: current understandings and knowledge gaps
The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease virus: current understandings and knowledge gaps Open
View article: Emergence of new sublineages of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in Pakistan during 2012–2021
Emergence of new sublineages of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease viruses circulating in Pakistan during 2012–2021 Open
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Pakistan and serotypes O, A and Asia-1 of FMD virus (FMDV) are responsible for the outbreaks in the country. The dominant serotype is type O represented by the O/ME-SA/PanAsia-2 lineage, which has…
View article: Distinct mutations emerge in the genome of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus during persistence in cattle
Distinct mutations emerge in the genome of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus during persistence in cattle Open
Like other RNA viruses, foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) has a high mutation rate. After the acute phase of infection, about half of infected cattle develop a persistent FMDV infection that can last for weeks or months. During this pers…
View article: Leaderless foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O did not cause clinical disease and failed to establish a persistent infection in cattle
Leaderless foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O did not cause clinical disease and failed to establish a persistent infection in cattle Open
The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) Leader proteinase Lpro inhibits host mRNA translation and blocks the interferon response which promotes viral survival. Lpro is not required for viral replication in vitro but s…
View article: Field Evaluation of a Safe, Easy, and Low-Cost Protocol for Shipment of Samples from Suspected Cases of Foot-and-Mouth Disease to Diagnostic Laboratories
Field Evaluation of a Safe, Easy, and Low-Cost Protocol for Shipment of Samples from Suspected Cases of Foot-and-Mouth Disease to Diagnostic Laboratories Open
Identification and characterization of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains circulating in endemic countries and their dynamics are essential elements of the global FMD control strategy. Characterization of FMDV is usually perfo…
View article: An IgG1 Single-Dilution Avidity ELISA Predicts Cross-Protection Against Heterologous Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Challenge after Vaccination
An IgG1 Single-Dilution Avidity ELISA Predicts Cross-Protection Against Heterologous Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Challenge after Vaccination Open
View article: Predicting cross-protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by serology after vaccination
Predicting cross-protection against foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by serology after vaccination Open
Serology is widely used to predict whether vaccinated individuals and populations will be protected against infectious diseases, including foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), which affects cloven-hoofed animals. Neutralising antibody titres to F…
View article: Comparison of Biosafety and Diagnostic Utility of Biosample Collection Cards
Comparison of Biosafety and Diagnostic Utility of Biosample Collection Cards Open
Six different biosample collection cards, often collectively referred to as FTA (Flinders Technology Associates) cards, were compared for their ability to inactivate viruses and stabilize viral nucleic acid for molecular testing. The cards…
View article: Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Is Infectious for Cattle by Injection
Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Is Infectious for Cattle by Injection Open
Safe sample transport is of great importance for infectious diseases diagnostics. Various treatments and buffers are used to inactivate pathogens in diagnostic samples. At the same time, adequate sample preservation, particularly of nuclei…
View article: Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus is Infectious for Cattle by Injection
Full-Length Genomic RNA of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus is Infectious for Cattle by Injection Open
Safe sample transport is of great importance for infectious diseases diagnostics. Various treatments and buffers are used to inactivate pathogens in diagnostic samples. At the same time, adequate sample preservation, particularly of nuclei…
View article: Inferred Causal Mechanisms of Persistent FMDV Infection in Cattle from Differential Gene Expression in the Nasopharyngeal Mucosa
Inferred Causal Mechanisms of Persistent FMDV Infection in Cattle from Differential Gene Expression in the Nasopharyngeal Mucosa Open
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can persistently infect pharyngeal epithelia in ruminants but not in pigs. Our previous studies demonstrated that persistent FMDV infection in cattle was associated with under-expression of several chemo…
View article: Proof of Proficiency of Decentralized Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Diagnostics in Germany
Proof of Proficiency of Decentralized Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Diagnostics in Germany Open
A proficiency test was performed to verify that the regional veterinary laboratories in Germany can provide reliable foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) diagnostics. Overall, 24 samples were to be analyzed for FMDV-specific nucleic acids b…
View article: Chemical inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in bovine tongue epithelium for safe transport and downstream processing
Chemical inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus in bovine tongue epithelium for safe transport and downstream processing Open
Epithelial tissue or vesicular fluid from an unruptured or recently ruptured vesicle is the sample of choice for confirmatory laboratory diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). However, in 'FMD-free' countries the transport and downstre…
View article: Dry-Fog-Dekontamination von mikrobiologischen Sicherheitswerkbänken nach Tätigkeiten mit SARS-CoV-2: Zyklusentwicklung und Prozessvalidierung für die Trockenvernebelung von Peroxyessigsäure
Dry-Fog-Dekontamination von mikrobiologischen Sicherheitswerkbänken nach Tätigkeiten mit SARS-CoV-2: Zyklusentwicklung und Prozessvalidierung für die Trockenvernebelung von Peroxyessigsäure Open
Background: Technical protection measures for laboratory activities involving biological agents include biological safety cabinets (BSC) that may be contaminated. In the case of diagnostic activities with SARS-CoV-2, this may also affect B…
View article: After nasopharyngeal infection, foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A RNA is shed in bovine milk without associated mastitis
After nasopharyngeal infection, foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A RNA is shed in bovine milk without associated mastitis Open
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious aphthoviral infection of cloven-hoofed animals, inducing vesiculopustular stomatitis, pododermatitis, and thelitis. Vesicular fluid represents a major pathway of virus excretion, but bovi…
View article: Adherent and suspension baby hamster kidney cells have a different cytoskeleton and surface receptor repertoire
Adherent and suspension baby hamster kidney cells have a different cytoskeleton and surface receptor repertoire Open
Animal cell culture, with single cells growing in suspension, ideally in a chemically defined environment, is a mainstay of biopharmaceutical production. The synthetic environment lacks exogenous growth factors and usually requires a time-…
View article: Adherent and suspension baby hamster kidney cells have a different cytoskeleton and surface receptor repertoire
Adherent and suspension baby hamster kidney cells have a different cytoskeleton and surface receptor repertoire Open
Animal cell culture, with single cells growing in suspension, ideally in a chemically defined environment, is a mainstay of biopharmaceutical production. The synthetic environment lacks exogenous growth factors and usually requires a time-…
View article: Field Observations and Genetic Characterization of Sheep-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Egypt, 2018
Field Observations and Genetic Characterization of Sheep-Associated Malignant Catarrhal Fever in Egypt, 2018 Open
Ovine gammaherpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2) causes a lethal disease in cattle and some wild ruminants called malignant catarrhal fever (MCF), which affects the epithelial and lymphoid tissues of the respiratory and digestive tracts and has an import…
View article: Stability of African Swine Fever Virus in Soil and Options to Mitigate the Potential Transmission Risk
Stability of African Swine Fever Virus in Soil and Options to Mitigate the Potential Transmission Risk Open
Understanding African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission is essential for strategies to minimize virus spread during an outbreak. ASFV can survive for extended time periods in animal products, carcasses, and the environment. While the A…
View article: Non-discriminatory Exclusion Testing as a Tool for the Early Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Incursions
Non-discriminatory Exclusion Testing as a Tool for the Early Detection of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Incursions Open
Endemic circulation of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Africa and Asia poses a continuous risk to countries in Europe, North America, and Oceania which are free from the disease. Introductions of the disease into a free region have dramati…
View article: Airborne Disinfection by Dry Fogging Efficiently Inactivates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Mycobacteria, and Bacterial Spores and Shows Limitations of Commercial Spore Carriers
Airborne Disinfection by Dry Fogging Efficiently Inactivates Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Mycobacteria, and Bacterial Spores and Shows Limitations of Commercial Spore Carriers Open
Airborne disinfection is not only of crucial importance for the safe operation of laboratories and animal rooms where infectious agents are handled but also can be used in public health emergencies such as the current severe acute respirat…
View article: Targeted Modification of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Genome for Quick Cell Culture Adaptation
Targeted Modification of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Genome for Quick Cell Culture Adaptation Open
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes the highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease, which is characterized by the appearance of vesicles in and around the mouth and feet of cloven-hoofed animals. BHK-21 cells are the cell line of choi…
View article: Sequence Analysis of Egyptian Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Field and Vaccine Strains: Intertypic Recombination and Evidence for Accidental Release of Virulent Virus
Sequence Analysis of Egyptian Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Field and Vaccine Strains: Intertypic Recombination and Evidence for Accidental Release of Virulent Virus Open
In spite of annual mass vaccination programs with polyvalent inactivated vaccines, the incidence and economic impact of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in Egypt is high. Viruses of the A, O and SAT 2 serotypes are endemic and repeated incursi…
View article: Targeted Modification of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Genome for Quick Cell Culture Adaptation
Targeted Modification of the Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Genome for Quick Cell Culture Adaptation Open
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes the highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease, which is characterized by the appearance of vesicles in and around the mouth and feet of cloven-hoofed animals. BHK21 cells are the cell line of choic…
View article: Sequence Analysis of Egyptian Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Field and Vaccine Strains: Intertypic Recombination and Evidence for Accidental Release of Virulent Virus
Sequence Analysis of Egyptian Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Field and Vaccine Strains: Intertypic Recombination and Evidence for Accidental Release of Virulent Virus Open
In addition to the risk of vaccine failure caused by strain mismatch, the production of inactivated FMD vaccines is dangerous if adequate biosafety cannot be maintained. Using a high-throughput sequencing protocol optimized for short nucle…
View article: Stability of African swine fever virus in soil and options to mitigate the potential transmission risk
Stability of African swine fever virus in soil and options to mitigate the potential transmission risk Open
Understanding African swine fever virus (ASFV) transmission in a population is essential for strategies to minimize virus spread during an outbreak. ASFV can survive for extended periods of time in animal products, carcasses, and the envir…
View article: Mechanisms of Maintenance of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Persistence Inferred From Genes Differentially Expressed in Nasopharyngeal Epithelia of Virus Carriers and Non-carriers
Mechanisms of Maintenance of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Persistence Inferred From Genes Differentially Expressed in Nasopharyngeal Epithelia of Virus Carriers and Non-carriers Open
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes persistent infection of nasopharyngeal epithelial cells in ~50% of infected ruminants. The mechanisms involved are not clear. This study provides a continued investigation of differentially expres…
View article: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Lacking the Leader Protein and Containing Two Negative DIVA Markers (FMDV LL3B3D A24) Is Highly Attenuated in Pigs
Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Lacking the Leader Protein and Containing Two Negative DIVA Markers (FMDV LL3B3D A24) Is Highly Attenuated in Pigs Open
Inactivated whole-virus vaccines are widely used for the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Their production requires the growth of large quantities of virulent FMD virus in biocontainment facilities, which is expensive and carries t…
View article: Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus A/IRN/8/2015 with commercially available lysis buffers
Inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus A/IRN/8/2015 with commercially available lysis buffers Open
Laboratories working with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) must maintain a high level of biocontainment. However, if infectious virus is reliably inactivated during sample processing, molecular and serological testing can be performed a…
View article: High-Resolution Composition Analysis of an Inactivated Polyvalent Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine
High-Resolution Composition Analysis of an Inactivated Polyvalent Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine Open
Appropriate vaccine selection is crucial in the control of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). Vaccination can prevent clinical disease and reduces viral shedding, but there is a lack of cross-protection between the seven serotypes and their sub…