Michael T. Lu
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View article: Baseline ECG and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With HIV: Insights From REPRIEVE
Baseline ECG and Cardiovascular Outcomes in People With HIV: Insights From REPRIEVE Open
Background With antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV (PWH) have an increased burden of cardiovascular disease. The REPRIEVE (Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV) trial demonstrated that pitavastatin reduces major adverse …
View article: Molecular and Clinical Considerations for Anesthesia in the Aging Brain
Molecular and Clinical Considerations for Anesthesia in the Aging Brain Open
Postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) encompass a spectrum of cognitive dysfunction in the perioperative period. PNDs can present with hypoactive symptoms such as lethargy, hyperactive symptoms such as confusion and disorientation …
View article: Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2
Risk Assessment in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With HIV by PCE, PREVENT, and SCORE2 Open
Background REPRIEVE findings catalyzed changes to multiple guidelines directing statin therapy prescribing for people with HIV (PWH). US guidelines use the pooled cohort equation (PCE)-derived 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease…
View article: Biological and Clinical Implications of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Coreceptor Neuropilin-1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Biological and Clinical Implications of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Coreceptor Neuropilin-1 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Open
Plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) coreceptor neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) had the largest association with coronary plaque in the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) proteomics analysis. With little known a…
View article: Statin-dependent and -independent pathways are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in people with HIV
Statin-dependent and -independent pathways are associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in people with HIV Open
BACKGROUNDStatin therapy lowers the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among people with HIV (PWH). Residual risk pathways contributing to excess MACE beyond LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) are not well understood. Our objective wa…
View article: Risk stratification of chest pain in the emergency department using artificial intelligence applied to electrocardiograms
Risk stratification of chest pain in the emergency department using artificial intelligence applied to electrocardiograms Open
Background Despite standardised approaches, subjective assessment and inconsistent diagnostic testing for chest pain in the emergency department (ED) drive costs, disparities and adverse outcomes. Artificial intelligence offers potential t…
View article: Win Ratio Aligns With and Enhances Interpretation of REPRIEVE's Primary Findings
Win Ratio Aligns With and Enhances Interpretation of REPRIEVE's Primary Findings Open
We performed a win ratio (WR) analysis of REPRIEVE, a randomized trial of pitavastatin vs placebo for cardiovascular disease in people with human immunodeficiency virus to assess robustness to event severity. WR aligns with primary finding…
View article: Sex-specific prognostic value of automated epicardial adipose tissue quantification on serial lung cancer screening chest computed tomography
Sex-specific prognostic value of automated epicardial adipose tissue quantification on serial lung cancer screening chest computed tomography Open
Aims Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is a metabolically active fat depot associated with coronary atherosclerosis and cardiovascular (CV) risk. While EAT is a known prognostic marker in lung cancer screening, its sex-specific prognostic va…
View article: Frailty, Pitavastatin, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among People With HIV
Frailty, Pitavastatin, and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Among People With HIV Open
Frailty was associated with markedly higher hazard of MACE. Though frailty did not appear to modify the protective effects of pitavastatin seen in the primary trial, the efficacy in frail PWH remains uncertain due to the limited number of …
View article: External Testing of a Deep Learning Model for Lung Cancer Risk from Low-Dose Chest CT
External Testing of a Deep Learning Model for Lung Cancer Risk from Low-Dose Chest CT Open
Sybil, an open-source deep learning model, predicted future lung cancer risk in Asian individuals with heavy smoking histories of at least 20 pack-years using low-dose CT scans, supporting its role in risk-based screening strategies, but d…
View article: No evidence of pitavastatin effect on muscle area or density among people with HIV
No evidence of pitavastatin effect on muscle area or density among people with HIV Open
Background: Skeletal muscle area (MA) and muscle density (MD) are key determinants of physical function and typically decline with increasing age. Statins have well-known musculoskeletal effects but whether statins impact MA or MD is not w…
View article: An open-source, automated machine learning approach for large-scale image retrieval for thoracic aorta analysis studies
An open-source, automated machine learning approach for large-scale image retrieval for thoracic aorta analysis studies Open
Objective To develop an image retrieval pipeline capable of identifying specific series of thoracic aortic computed tomography (CT) scans from a diverse database. Materials and Methods An automated image analysis pipeline was developed to …
View article: Association of bile acids, amino acids, and glycerophospholipid metabolites with food-allergic outcomes in children on peanut oral immunotherapy
Association of bile acids, amino acids, and glycerophospholipid metabolites with food-allergic outcomes in children on peanut oral immunotherapy Open
Background Food allergen immunotherapy can induce remission of food allergies in certain individuals, but the mechanisms underlying this remission are largely unknown. Prior work has identified differences in immunomodulatory metabolites b…
View article: Baseline atrial volume indices and major adverse cardiac events following thoracic radiotherapy
Baseline atrial volume indices and major adverse cardiac events following thoracic radiotherapy Open
Introduction Patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy (RT) have an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) posttreatment. We utilized machine learning (ML) to discover novel predictors of MACE and validated them on an externa…
View article: Aging-related changes in body composition across the lifespan – insights from over 66.000 individuals of a Western European population
Aging-related changes in body composition across the lifespan – insights from over 66.000 individuals of a Western European population Open
Body composition (adiposity and muscle depots) is strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, using body composition measures for future disease risk prediction is difficult as they may reflect total body size or typical aging …
View article: Factors Affecting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Events in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Factors Affecting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) Events in a Global CVD Prevention Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Open
Background Persons with HIV face increased risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), partially mitigated by statin therapy. Methods We characterized factors associated with MACE and MACE subcomponents among PWH enrolled in REPRI…
View article: Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort
Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort Open
Background Prior analyses suggest that the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) abacavir (ABC), but not tenofovir (TFV), is associated with a 2-fold increase in the hazard of myocardial infarction. the Randomized Trial to Prev…
View article: Epidemiology of Coronary Atherosclerosis Among People Living With HIV in Uganda
Epidemiology of Coronary Atherosclerosis Among People Living With HIV in Uganda Open
National Institutes of Health.
View article: Olezarsen in patients with hypertriglyceridemia at high cardiovascular risk: Rationale and design of the Essence–TIMI 73b trial
Olezarsen in patients with hypertriglyceridemia at high cardiovascular risk: Rationale and design of the Essence–TIMI 73b trial Open
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05610280.
View article: Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Changes on Serial Chest CT Scans with Mortality: Insights from the National Lung Screening Trial
Association of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Changes on Serial Chest CT Scans with Mortality: Insights from the National Lung Screening Trial Open
On serial lung cancer screening CT scans in individuals at high risk of developing lung cancer, atypical epicardial adipose tissue volume change was associated with all-cause mortality, while volume decrease and density increase were assoc…
View article: OPPORTUNISTIC ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK USING AI-DERIVED STRUCTURAL AORTIC AND CARDIAC PHENOTYPES FROM NON-CONTRAST CHEST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
OPPORTUNISTIC ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK USING AI-DERIVED STRUCTURAL AORTIC AND CARDIAC PHENOTYPES FROM NON-CONTRAST CHEST COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY Open
Background Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease relies on accurate risk assessment using scores such as the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) and PREVENT. However, necessary input variables for these scores are often unavailable in the…
View article: Opportunistic assessment of steatotic liver disease in lung cancer screening eligible individuals
Opportunistic assessment of steatotic liver disease in lung cancer screening eligible individuals Open
Background Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is a potentially reversible condition but often goes unnoticed with the risk for end‐stage liver disease. Purpose To opportunistically estimate SLD on lung screening chest computed tomography (CT) a…