Michael J. Oldham
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View article: Adaptation of ENDS Device Measurements into Puffing Topography Variables and Clinical Implications
Adaptation of ENDS Device Measurements into Puffing Topography Variables and Clinical Implications Open
Summary Some next generation electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) are capable of providing measurements of selected device parameters related to classical puffing topography variables (e.g., number of puffs, puff duration, etc.) and…
A Practical Framework for Novel Electronic Nicotine Delivery System Evaluation: Chemical and Toxicological Characterization of JUUL2 Aerosol and Comparison with Reference Cigarettes Open
Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) are designed as a non-combustible alternative to cigarettes, aiming to deliver nicotine without the harmful byproducts of tobacco combustion. As the category evolves and new ENDS products emerge…
Subchronic inhalation of a novel electronic nicotine delivery system formulation and its corresponding base formulation Open
Background Fresh Menthol 3% Nicotine (FM3) is a novel JUUL e-liquid formulation. Its potential toxicity and that of the corresponding base formulation relative to a filtered air (FA) control was studied in a subchronic inhalation study con…
Evaluation of mixtures of flavor chemicals in a 90-day nose-only exposures in sprague-dawley rats Open
Background One of the challenges to using some flavor chemicals in aerosol products is the lack of route of administration specific toxicology data. Methods Flavor chemicals (88) were divided into four different flavor mixtures based upon …
An Approach to Flavor Chemical Thermal Degradation Analysis Open
Toxicological evaluations of flavor chemicals for use in inhalation products that utilize heat for aerosol generation are complicated because of the potential effect heat may have on the flavor chemical. The objective was to develop a ther…
Corrigendum: Analytical approaches for the evaluation of data deficient simulated leachable compounds in ENDS products: a case study Open
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1212744.].
Determination of chemical constituent yields in e-cigarette aerosol using partial and whole pod collections, a comparative analysis Open
Literature reports the chemical constituent yields of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) aerosol collected using a range of aerosol collection strategies. The number of puffs to deplete an ENDS product varies widely, but collectio…
Analytical approaches for the evaluation of data deficient simulated leachable compounds in ENDS products: a case study Open
Leachable investigations are routinely undertaken across a range of sectors (e.g., pharmaceuticals, medical devices, etc.) to determine whether chemicals from a container closure system transfer into a product under normal conditions of us…
Comparison of the Particle Size Distribution and Vapor Phase of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Using Two Impactors Open
Summary Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) contain numerous volatile aerosol constituents (e.g., nicotine, propylene glycol, flavors, etc.). Past work clearly indicates the temporal and chemical dynamics of ENDS aerosol requires c…
View article: Comparison of biomarkers of exposure among US adult smokers, users of electronic nicotine delivery systems, dual users and nonusers, 2018–2019
Comparison of biomarkers of exposure among US adult smokers, users of electronic nicotine delivery systems, dual users and nonusers, 2018–2019 Open
The harm caused by cigarette smoking is overwhelmingly due to byproducts of tobacco combustion. Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) provide nicotine to users without combustion, and may support tobacco harm reduction among cigarett…
Predicted aerosol dosimetry for mouse models of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and lung cancer Open
Introduction For in vivo inhalation studies, aerosol dosimetry links aerosol exposure and deposited dose within the respiratory tract. Aerosol dosimetry programs like the Multiple Path Particle Deposition model utilize respiratory tract ge…
Key challenges for in vitro testing of tobacco products for regulatory applications: Recommendations for dosimetry Open
The Institute for In Vitro Sciences (IIVS) is sponsoring a series of workshops to develop recommendations for optimal scientific and technical approaches for conducting in vitro assays to assess potential toxicity within and across tobacco…
Characterization of a rapid condensate collection apparatus for in vitro assays of electronic nicotine delivery systems Open
In vitro testing of Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) aerosol condensates is important in evaluating their potential toxicity. Collecting sufficient condensate for these tests is a time consuming and costly procedure. The "triple …
Targeted Characterization of the Chemical Composition of JUUL Systems Aerosol and Comparison with 3R4F Reference Cigarettes and IQOS Heat Sticks Open
Aerosol constituent yields have been reported from a wide range of electronic nicotine delivery systems. No comprehensive study has been published on the aerosol constituents generated from the JUUL system. Targeted analyses of 53 aerosol …
Prediction of potential passive exposure from commercial electronic nicotine delivery systems using exhaled breath analysis and computational fluid dynamic techniques Open
Use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling to predict temporal and spatial constituent exposure for non-electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) users (passive exposure) provides a more efficient methodology compared to conductin…
Use of <span>micro‐CT</span> to determine tracheobronchial airway geometries in three strains of mice used in inhalation toxicology as disease models Open
Aerosol dosimetry estimates for mouse strains used as models for human disease are not available, primarily because of the lack of tracheobronchial airway morphometry data. By using micro‐CT scans of in‐situ prepared lung casts, tracheobro…
Room air constituent concentrations from use of electronic nicotine delivery systems and cigarettes using different ventilation conditions Open
To assess potential exposure of non-users to exhaled constituents from pod and cartridge electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) products, an environmental clinical study was conducted with (n = 43) healthy adult smokers. Room air conc…
An update to the distribution of the Endangered False Hop Sedge (<i>Carex lupuliformis</i> Sartwell ex Dewey; Cyperaceae) in Ontario Open
We provide an update to the Ontario distribution of False Hop Sedge (Carex lupuliformis), prompted by the first documented report of the species in the Niagara region, which represents a noteworthy eastern range extension in the province.
Comparison of experimentally measured and computational fluid dynamic predicted deposition and deposition uniformity of monodisperse solid particles in the Vitrocell® AMES 48 air-liquid-interface in-vitro exposure system Open
Accurately determining the delivered dose is critical to understanding biological response due to cell exposure to chemical constituents in aerosols. Deposition efficiency and uniformity of deposition was measured experimentally using mono…
Determining the impact of flavored e-liquids on aldehyde production during Vaping Open
1,2-Propylene glycol and glycerin, principal components of e-liquids, can thermally degrade to form acetaldehyde, acrolein, and formaldehyde when heated in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). Recently the flavors in e-liquids were…
Deposition efficiency and uniformity of monodisperse solid particle deposition in the Vitrocell® 24/48 Air–Liquid-Interface <i>in vitro</i> exposure system Open
A key to understanding biological response due to cell exposure to chemical constituents in aerosols is to accurately be able to determine the delivered dose. Deposition efficiency and uniformity of deposition was measured experimentally i…
Round-fruited St. John’s-wort (<i>Hypericum sphaerocarpum</i>, Hypericaceae) in Canada Open
Round-fruited St. John’s-wort (Hypericum sphaerocarpum), a native North American herbaceous, perennial vascular plant, is reported from four sites in southern Ontario, Canada. All four sites are along abandoned railway lines. Although the …
Biological changes in C57BL/6 mice following 3 weeks of inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke or e-vapor aerosols Open
We compared early biological changes in mice after inhalation exposures to cigarette smoke or e-vapor aerosols (MarkTen® cartridge with Carrier, Test-1, or Test-2 formulations; 4% nicotine). Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 3R4F cigaret…
Biological changes in C57BL/6 mice following 3 weeks of inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke or e-vapor aerosols Open
We compared early biological changes in mice after inhalation exposures to cigarette smoke or e-vapor aerosols (MarkTen® cartridge with Carrier, Test-1, or Test-2 formulations; 4% nicotine). Female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 3R4F cigaret…
Characterization and modeling of aerosol deposition in Vitrocell® exposure systems - exposure well chamber deposition efficiency Open
Multi-well aerosol exposure systems are used in modern toxicology assessment studies to deliver aerosol to a large number of tissue/cell culture samples simultaneously. These systems are designed to control the experimental conditions of a…