Mohammed R. Milad
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View article: Trading Fear for Safety
Trading Fear for Safety Open
View article: Author response: Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans
Author response: Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans Open
View article: Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans
Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans Open
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying associative threat learning is essential for advancing behavioral models of threat and adaptation. We investigated distinct activation patterns across thalamic pulvinar divisions, lateral geni…
View article: Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans
Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans Open
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying associative threat learning is essential for advancing behavioral models of threat and adaptation. We investigated distinct activation patterns across thalamic pulvinar divisions, lateral geni…
View article: Functional Connectivity Predicting Transdiagnostic Treatment Outcomes in Internalizing Psychopathologies
Functional Connectivity Predicting Transdiagnostic Treatment Outcomes in Internalizing Psychopathologies Open
Importance Predicting treatment outcomes for internalizing psychopathologies (IPs), such as depression and anxiety, holds promise for advancing precision medicine. The extent to which whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) can predict tr…
View article: Predicting Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Using Voxel-Wise Resting-State Functional MRI
Predicting Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Using Voxel-Wise Resting-State Functional MRI Open
Background: Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is a putative biomarker for neuropsychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Here, we show that rCBF can be predicted from resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI)…
View article: Associative coding of conditioned fear in the thalamic nucleus reuniens in rodents and humans
Associative coding of conditioned fear in the thalamic nucleus reuniens in rodents and humans Open
The nucleus reuniens (RE) is a midline thalamic structure interconnecting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Recent work in both rodents and humans implicates the RE in the adaptive regulation of emotional memor…
View article: Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans
Neural Representation of Associative Threat Learning in Pulvinar Divisions, Lateral Geniculate Nucleus, and Mediodorsal Thalamus in Humans Open
Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying associative threat learning is essential for advancing behavioral models of threat and adaptation. We investigated distinct activation patterns across thalamic pulvinar divisions, lateral geni…
View article: Brain Age Prediction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder using a Convolutional Neural Network
Brain Age Prediction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder using a Convolutional Neural Network Open
Higher predicted brain age difference has been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is associated with markers of accelerated aging. In this study, we determined brain predicted age difference (…
View article: Associative coding of conditioned fear in the thalamic nucleus reuniens in rodents and humans
Associative coding of conditioned fear in the thalamic nucleus reuniens in rodents and humans Open
The nucleus reuniens (RE) is a midline thalamic structure interconnecting the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the hippocampus (HPC). Recent work in both rodents and humans implicates the RE in the adaptive regulation of emotional memor…
View article: Intersect between brain mechanisms of conditioned threat, active avoidance, and reward
Intersect between brain mechanisms of conditioned threat, active avoidance, and reward Open
Active avoidance is a core behavior for human coping, and its excess is common across psychiatric diseases. The decision to actively avoid a threat is influenced by cost and reward. Yet, threat, avoidance, and reward have been studied in s…
View article: Slow oscillation-sleep spindle coupling is associated with fear extinction retention in trauma-exposed individuals
Slow oscillation-sleep spindle coupling is associated with fear extinction retention in trauma-exposed individuals Open
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can be characterized as a disorder of fear learning and memory, in which there is a failure to retain memory for the extinction of conditioned fear. Sleep has been implicated in successful extinction re…
View article: Neuroimaging-based variability in subtyping biomarkers for psychiatric heterogeneity
Neuroimaging-based variability in subtyping biomarkers for psychiatric heterogeneity Open
Neuroimaging-based subtyping is increasingly used to explain heterogeneity in psychiatric disorders. However, the clinical utility of these subtyping efforts remains unclear, and replication has been challenging. Here we examined how the c…
View article: Distributed neural representations of conditioned threat in the human brain
Distributed neural representations of conditioned threat in the human brain Open
View article: A proof-of-concept study of vicarious extinction learning and autonomic synchrony in parent–child dyads and posttraumatic stress disorder
A proof-of-concept study of vicarious extinction learning and autonomic synchrony in parent–child dyads and posttraumatic stress disorder Open
Though threat-extinction models continue to inform scientific study of traumatic stress, knowledge of learning and extinction as mechanisms linking exposure to psychopathology remains critically limited among youth. This proof-of-concept s…
View article: Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning
Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning Open
View article: Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning
Consensus design of a calibration experiment for human fear conditioning Open
Measurement practice in experimental psychology is heterogeneous. Psychometric properties of measurement methods are sometimes difficult to establish, leaving researchers with few criteria to select between methods. To overcome this obstac…
View article: Revisiting sex differences in the acquisition and extinction of threat conditioning in humans
Revisiting sex differences in the acquisition and extinction of threat conditioning in humans Open
Findings pertaining to sex differences in the acquisition and extinction of threat conditioning, a paradigm widely used to study emotional homeostasis, remain inconsistent, particularly in humans. This inconsistency is likely due to multip…
View article: Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning
Temporally and anatomically specific contributions of the human amygdala to threat and safety learning Open
Neural plasticity in subareas of the rodent amygdala is widely known to be essential for Pavlovian threat conditioning and safety learning. However, less consistent results have been observed in human neuroimaging studies. Here, we identif…
View article: Abnormal dynamic functional connectivity during fear extinction learning in PTSD and anxiety disorders
Abnormal dynamic functional connectivity during fear extinction learning in PTSD and anxiety disorders Open
Examining the neural circuits of fear/threat extinction advanced our mechanistic understanding of several psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders (AX) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). More is needed to understand the in…
View article: Randomized controlled experimental study of hydrocortisone and D-cycloserine effects on fear extinction in PTSD
Randomized controlled experimental study of hydrocortisone and D-cycloserine effects on fear extinction in PTSD Open
Fear extinction underlies prolonged exposure, one of the most well-studied treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). There has been increased interest in exploring pharmacological agents to enhance fear extinction learning in hu…
View article: Associations of sleep measures with neural activations accompanying fear conditioning and extinction learning and memory in trauma-exposed individuals
Associations of sleep measures with neural activations accompanying fear conditioning and extinction learning and memory in trauma-exposed individuals Open
Study Objectives Sleep disturbances increase risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Sleep effects on extinction may contribute to such risk. Neural activations to fear extinction were examined in trauma-exposed participants and asso…
View article: Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group
Cortical and subcortical brain structure in generalized anxiety disorder: findings from 28 research sites in the ENIGMA-Anxiety Working Group Open
View article: Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia
Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia Open
View article: Impact of exogenous estradiol on task-based and resting-state neural signature during and after fear extinction in healthy women
Impact of exogenous estradiol on task-based and resting-state neural signature during and after fear extinction in healthy women Open
View article: Fear extinction learning modulates large-scale brain connectivity
Fear extinction learning modulates large-scale brain connectivity Open
Exploring the neural circuits of the extinction of conditioned fear is critical to advance our understanding of fear- and anxiety-related disorders. The field has focused on examining the role of various regions of the medial prefrontal co…
View article: Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of four studies
Impairment in acquisition of conditioned fear in schizophrenia: a pooled analysis of four studies Open
Background Individuals with schizophrenia show impairments in associative learning. One well-studied, quantifiable form of associative learning is Pavlovian fear conditioning. However, to date, studies of fear conditioning in schizophrenia…
View article: Hippocampal activation during contextual fear inhibition related to resilience in the early aftermath of trauma
Hippocampal activation during contextual fear inhibition related to resilience in the early aftermath of trauma Open
View article: Fear-induced brain activations distinguish anxious and trauma-exposed brains
Fear-induced brain activations distinguish anxious and trauma-exposed brains Open
View article: Anxiety Sensitivity Moderates the Association Between Father-Child Relationship Security and Fear Transmission
Anxiety Sensitivity Moderates the Association Between Father-Child Relationship Security and Fear Transmission Open
Observational fear learning can contribute to the development of fear-related psychopathologies, such as anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. Observational fear learning is especially relevant during childhood. Parent-chil…