Explanipedia

Public knowledge and attitudes towards antibiotic use across England – pre- and post-pandemic Open

Brieze Read, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Monsey McLeod, Diane Ashiru-Ordedope, Colin Brown , et al. · 2025

Background Antibiotic misuse is a major preventable driving factor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Most antibiotics are prescribed in primary care where demand for consultations for common self-limiting infections is greatest, meaning …

Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Antibiotic Use across England – Pre- and Post- Pandemic Open

Ellie Gilham, Brieze Read, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Monsey McLeod, Diane Ashiru-Ordedope , et al. · 2025

Background: Antibiotic misuse is a major preventable driving factor for antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Most antibiotics are prescribed in primary care where demand for consultations for common self-limiting infections is greatest, meaning…

P04 The evolution of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) training for multi-professional foundation trainees (MPFT) across the East of England Open

Naomi Fleming, Monsey McLeod, Alishah Lakha, C Jamieson, Gill Damant , et al. · 2025

Background MPFT include medics, pharmacists, physician associates and dental professions. Trainees frequently see cases of sepsis, urinary tract infection (UTI) and community acquired pneumonia (CAP); there are opportunities to introduce A…

What are the unintended patient safety consequences of healthcare technologies? A qualitative study among patients, carers and healthcare providers Open

Shahd Abdelaziz, Sara Garfield, Ana Luísa Neves, Jill Lloyd, John Norton , et al. · 2024

Objective To identify patient-safety-related unintended consequences of healthcare technologies experienced by their primary users: patients, carers and healthcare providers (HCPs). Design Qualitative study based on data collected in onlin…

How, why and when are delayed (back-up) antibiotic prescriptions used in primary care? A realist review integrating concepts of uncertainty in healthcare Open

Monsey McLeod, Anne Campbell, Benedict Hayhoe, Aleksandra Borek, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine , et al. · 2024

Overcoming challenges in the economic evaluation of interventions to optimise antibiotic use Open

Laurence Roope, Liz Morrell, James Buchanan, Alice Ledda, Amanda Adler , et al. · 2024

How, why and when are delayed (back-up) antibiotic prescriptions used in primary care? A realist review integrating concepts of uncertainty in healthcare Open

Monsey McLeod, Anne Campbell, Benedict Hayhoe, Aleksandra Borek, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine , et al. · 2023

Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global patient safety priority and inappropriate antimicrobial use is a key contributing factor. Trials have shown that delayed (back-up) antibiotic prescriptions (DP) are an effective and safe stra…

Changes in public health-seeking behaviours for self-limiting respiratory tract infections across England during the COVID-19 pandemic Open

Brieze Read, Monsey McLeod, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Diane Ashiru‐Oredope, Anna Quigley , et al. · 2023

Background National Health Service (NHS) guidance for acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) advocates self-care, encourages utilization of local pharmacies and recommends consulting general practitioners (GPs) primarily for the vulnera…

Community-onset urinary tract infection in females in the context of COVID-19: a longitudinal population cohort study exploring case presentation, management, and outcomes Open

Nina Zhu, Benedict Hayhoe, Raheelah Ahmad, James Price, Donna M Lecky , et al. · 2023

Background COVID-19 affected the epidemiology of other infectious diseases and how they were managed. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections treated in the community in England. We investigated the impact of the…

Criteria to achieve safe antimicrobial intravenous-to-oral switch in hospitalised adult populations: a systematic rapid review Open

Eleanor Jones Harvey, Monsey McLeod, Caroline De Brún, Diane Ashiru‐Oredope · 2023

Objectives This rapid review aimed to assess and collate intravenous-to-oral switch (IVOS) criteria from the literature to achieve safe and effective antimicrobial IVOS in the hospital inpatient adult population. Design The rapid review fo…

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial stewardship support for general practices in England: a qualitative interview study Open

Anne Campbell, Aleksandra Borek, Monsey McLeod, Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Koen B. Pouwels , et al. · 2023

Background In England, clinical commissioning group (CCG; now replaced by Integrated Care Systems [ICSs]) and primary care network (PCN) professionals support primary care prescribers to optimise antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). Aim To exp…

441 Understanding the unintended consequences of new healthcare technologies aimed at supporting patient safety: a qualitative study Open

Shahd Abdelaziz, Sara Garfield, Monsey McLeod, Joanna Norton, Justine Lloyd , et al. · 2023

Introduction Technologies such as electronic prescribing, clinical decision support systems, and electronic medication dispensers, are increasingly being introduced into healthcare. Existing toolkits focus on the implementation of such tec…

ESPAUR Report 2021 to 2022 Chapter 5: NHS England Improvement and Assurance Schemes Open

Kieran Hand, Diane Ashiru‐Oredope, Elizabeth Beech, Sabine Bou-Antoun, Gill Damant , et al. · 2023

NHS England designs and administers improvement and assurance schemes that include elements to incentivize prudent use of antimicrobials, optimise patient outcomes, minimise avoidable exposure to antimicrobials, and reduce selection pressu…

Implementing antibiotic stewardship in high-prescribing English general practices: a mixed-methods study Open

Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Monsey McLeod, Aleksandra Borek, Anne Campbell, Philip Anyanwu , et al. · 2022

Background Trials have identified antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategies that effectively reduce antibiotic use in primary care. However, many are not commonly used in England. The authors co-developed an implementation intervention to…

Learning from electronic prescribing errors: a mixed methods study of junior doctors’ perceptions of training and individualised feedback data Open

Ann Chu, Arika Kumar, Geraldine Depoorter, Bryony Dean Franklin, Monsey McLeod · 2022

Objectives To explore the views of junior doctors towards (1) electronic prescribing (EP) training and feedback, (2) readiness for receiving individualised feedback data about EP errors and (3) preferences for receiving and learning from E…

Criteria to Achieve Safe Antimicrobial Intravenous-to-Oral Switch in Hospitalised Adult Populations: A Systematic Rapid Review Open

Eleanor Jones Harvey, Monsey McLeod, Caroline De Brún, Diane Ashiru‐Oredope · 2022

Introduction Antimicrobial stewardship and patient safety strategies include early intravenous-to-oral switch (IVOS) for antimicrobials. Aim This rapid review aimed to assess and collate IVOS criteria from the literature to achieve safe an…

O01 Nuances of implementing antibiotic stewardship in high-prescribing English general practices: an implementation study Open

Sarah Tonkin‐Crine, Monsey McLeod, Aleksandra Borek, Anne Campbell, Phillip Anyanwu , et al. · 2022

Background Trials have identified several antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) strategies that effectively reduce antibiotic use in primary care. However, many are not commonly used in England and evidence is lacking around how to support high-…

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Community Antibiotic Prescribing and Stewardship: A Qualitative Interview Study with General Practitioners in England Open

Aleksandra Borek, Katherine Maitland, Monsey McLeod, Anne Campbell, Benedict Hayhoe , et al. · 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the delivery of primary care services. We aimed to identify general practitioners’ (GPs’) perceptions and experiences of how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced antibiotic prescribing and ant…

What does antimicrobial stewardship look like where you are? Global narratives from participants in a massive open online course Open

Vrinda Nampoothiri, Candice Bonaconsa, Surya Surendran, Oluchi Mbamalu, Winnie Nambatya , et al. · 2021

Background Whilst antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) is being implemented globally, contextual differences exist. We describe how the use of a massive open online course (MOOC) platform provided an opportunity to gather diverse narratives on …

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on community antibiotic prescribing and stewardship: a qualitative interview study with general practitioners in England Open

Aleksandra Borek, Katherine Maitland, Monsey McLeod, Anne Campbell, Benedict Hayhoe , et al. · 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the delivery of primary care services. We aimed to identify general practitioners’ (GPs’) perceptions and experiences of how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced antibiotic prescribing and ant…

Development of an intervention to support the implementation of evidence-based strategies for optimising antibiotic prescribing in general practice Open

Aleksandra Borek, Anne Campbell, Elle Dent, Michael Moore, Christopher Butler , et al. · 2021

Public preferences for delayed or immediate antibiotic prescriptions in UK primary care: A choice experiment Open

Liz Morrell, James Buchanan, Laurence Roope, Koen B. Pouwels, Christopher Butler , et al. · 2021

Background Delayed (or “backup”) antibiotic prescription, where the patient is given a prescription but advised to delay initiating antibiotics, has been shown to be effective in reducing antibiotic use in primary care. However, this strat…

Optimising antimicrobial use in humans – review of current evidence and an interdisciplinary consensus on key priorities for research Open

Esmita Charani, Martin McKee, Raheelah Ahmad, Manica Balasegaram, Candice Bonaconsa , et al. · 2021

Designing a continuous data-driven feedback and learning initiative to improve electronic prescribing: an interdisciplinary quality improvement study Open

Monsey McLeod, Subrina Farah, K Macaulay, Tej Sheth, Mitesh Patel , et al. · 2021

Introduction The WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge aims to reduce severe avoidable medication-related harm by 50% by 2023[1]. Research suggests that providing timely, trusted feedback that incorporates relevant action can improve practic…

Implementing interventions to reduce antibiotic use: a qualitative study in high-prescribing practices Open

Aleksandra Borek, Anne Campbell, Elle Dent, Christopher Butler, Alison Holmes , et al. · 2021

Trends in Antibiotic Prescribing in Out-of-Hours Primary Care in England from January 2016 to June 2020 to Understand Behaviours during the First Wave of COVID-19 Open

Nina Zhu, Monsey McLeod, Cliodna McNulty, Donna M Lecky, Alison Holmes , et al. · 2021

We describe the trend of antibiotic prescribing in out-of-hours (OOH) general practices (GP) before and during England’s first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analysed practice-level prescribing records between January 2016 to June 2020 …

Delayed Antibiotic Prescription by General Practitioners in the UK: A Stated-Choice Study Open

Liz Morrell, James Buchanan, Laurence Roope, Koen B. Pouwels, Christopher Butler , et al. · 2020

Delayed antibiotic prescription in primary care has been shown to reduce antibiotic consumption, without increasing risk of complications, yet is not widely used in the UK. We sought to quantify the relative importance of factors affecting…

Investigating the mechanism of impact and differential effect of the Quality Premium scheme on antibiotic prescribing in England: a longitudinal study Open

Philip Anyanwu, Koen B. Pouwels, Anne Sarah Walker, Michael Moore, Azeem Majeed , et al. · 2020

Background In 2017, approximately 73% of antibiotics in England were prescribed from primary care practices. It has been estimated that 9%–23% of antibiotic prescriptions between 2013 and 2015 were inappropriate. Reducing antibiotic prescr…

Do variations in primary care practice characteristics explain the effect of a financial incentive scheme on antibiotic prescribing? A longitudinal study of the Quality Premium intervention in NHS England. Open

Koen B. Pouwels, Philip Anyanwu, A. Sarah Walker, Melissa Moore, Azeem Majeed , et al. · 2020

Estimating the Effect of Healthcare-Associated Infections on Excess Length of Hospital Stay Using Inverse Probability–Weighted Survival Curves Open

Koen B. Pouwels, Stijn Vansteelandt, Rahul Batra, Jonathan Edgeworth, Sarah Wordsworth , et al. · 2020

Background Studies estimating excess length of stay (LOS) attributable to nosocomial infections have failed to address time-varying confounding, likely leading to overestimation of their impact. We present a methodology based on inverse pr…

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