Abstract This research explores the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of pectin derived from Citrus macroptera peel (CMP) by conventional heating extraction (CHE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) at various power levels (600 W-6 min, 450 W-12 min, 180 W-23 min), and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). MAE and UAE resulted in the highest pectin yields, with CHE producing the lowest. UAE achieved the highest equivalent weight, while MAE showed a significant reduction. Methoxyl content incre…

Tuta absoluta is one of the most destructive pests of tomatoes. Chemical insecticides used to control this leafminer harm all organisms, increasing the risk to public health and the environment. Developing natural alternatives, such as bioinsecticides formulated from essential plant oils, is a key strategy to address this problem. These volatile compounds, derived from the secondary metabolic pathways of plants, exhibit targeted activity against specific pest species. Their use is consistent with an environmentall…

This study explores the extraction and characterization of dietary fiber (DF) from carambola fruits, focusing on both peel and pulp fractions. After pretreatment with 96% ethanol to mitigate enzymatic activity, DF was extracted using both hot‐air oven‐drying and freeze‐drying methods. Physicochemical properties, functional attributes, and nutritional composition of the extracted fractions were analyzed. Notably, DF derived from the peel exhibited superior functional, antioxidant, hydration, and physicochemical pro…

Soil heavy metal pollution poses a significant environmental risk to human health and plant growth. Gibberellic acid (GA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are effective methods for resolving this issue. GA regulates growth mechanisms such as seed germination, flowering, and stem elongation. Plants use GABA, a signaling molecule, to control physiological processes, growth, and responses to stress. This substance plays a crucial role in the interactions between hormones and plant defense, as evidenced by its effects o…

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrinological and metabolic disorder that affects women of reproductive age. It is often associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity, anovulation, infertility and insulin resistance. In this study, the imminent efficacy of MoLP ( Moringa oleifera leaf powder) and MoLE ( M. oleifera leaf extract) in treating PCOS in female albino mice was explored. Female albino mice were injected with testosterone enanthate [1.0 mg/100 g body weight (b.w.)] for 35-days…