Murali Ramanathan
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View article: Frailty Exacerbates Disability in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
Frailty Exacerbates Disability in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Open
Background To evaluate frailty in severe progressive multiple sclerosis (PMS) and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Methods This prospective, cross‐sectional, multicenter study enrolled a late severe PMS group requiring skilled nur…
View article: Large Language Models for Clinical Trial Protocol Assessments
Large Language Models for Clinical Trial Protocol Assessments Open
The purpose was to evaluate the utility of large language models (LLMs) for reviewing the statistical analysis plan (SAP) and pharmacokinetics–pharmacodynamics (PK–PD) components of clinical trial protocols. Clinical trial protocols and SA…
View article: Scoping review of the role of pharmacometrics in model-informed drug development
Scoping review of the role of pharmacometrics in model-informed drug development Open
Model-informed drug development (MIDD) is a framework that utilizes quantitative modeling and simulation methods to integrate nonclinical and clinical data, as well as prior knowledge, to inform drug development and regulatory decision-mak…
View article: Network Modeling of Biomarker Systems in Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis
Network Modeling of Biomarker Systems in Liver Steatosis and Fibrosis Open
Metabolic dysfunction‐associated fatty liver disease causes hepatic fat accumulation (steatosis) and fibrosis, which can be measured with ultrasound elastography imaging. The dependencies of elastography‐derived hepatic steatosis and fibro…
View article: Leveraging <i>In Silico</i> and Artificial Intelligence Models to Advance Drug Disposition and Response Predictions Across the Lifespan
Leveraging <i>In Silico</i> and Artificial Intelligence Models to Advance Drug Disposition and Response Predictions Across the Lifespan Open
Incorporating inter‐individual differences in drug disposition and responses is essential for ensuring the safe and effective use of drugs in real‐world patients. Despite ongoing efforts, lower participation of children, older individuals,…
View article: Leveraging Large Language Models in Pharmacometrics: Evaluation of NONMEM Output Interpretation and Simulation Capabilities
Leveraging Large Language Models in Pharmacometrics: Evaluation of NONMEM Output Interpretation and Simulation Capabilities Open
Advancements in large language models (LLMs) have suggested their potential utility for diverse pharmacometrics tasks. This study investigated the performance of LLM for generating structure diagrams, publication-ready tables, analysis rep…
View article: Endogenous Ketone Bodies Are Associated with Metabolic Vulnerability and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis
Endogenous Ketone Bodies Are Associated with Metabolic Vulnerability and Disability in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Purpose: Ketone bodies could be useful biomarkers in multiple sclerosis (MS) because the pathophysiological processes underlying MS disease progression induce metabolic stress. The purpose was to assess the relationships of ketone bodies w…
View article: Neuroimaging phenotype characterization of early aggressive and late severe multiple sclerosis: a case-control study
Neuroimaging phenotype characterization of early aggressive and late severe multiple sclerosis: a case-control study Open
A subgroup of multiple sclerosis patients experiences a severe form of the disease. Although there is a lack of consensus regarding the definition of severe multiple sclerosis, it can follow two distinct temporal disability trajectories. E…
View article: Artificial intelligence modeling of biomarker‐based physiological age: Impact on phase 1 drug‐metabolizing enzyme phenotypes
Artificial intelligence modeling of biomarker‐based physiological age: Impact on phase 1 drug‐metabolizing enzyme phenotypes Open
Age and aging are important predictors of health status, disease progression, drug kinetics, and effects. The purpose was to develop ensemble learning‐based physiological age (PA) models for evaluating drug metabolism. National Health and …
View article: Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy-Derived Serum Biomarkers of Metabolic Vulnerability Are Associated with Disability and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis
Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Spectroscopy-Derived Serum Biomarkers of Metabolic Vulnerability Are Associated with Disability and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Purpose: Metabolic vulnerabilities can exacerbate inflammatory injury and inhibit repair in multiple sclerosis (MS). The purpose was to evaluate whether blood biomarkers of inflammatory and metabolic vulnerability are associated with MS di…
View article: Performance of the ChatGPT large language model for decision support in community pharmacy
Performance of the ChatGPT large language model for decision support in community pharmacy Open
Aims The aim of this study was to assess the ChatGPT‐4 (ChatGPT) large language model (LLM) on tasks relevant to community pharmacy. Methods ChatGPT was assessed with community pharmacy‐relevant test cases involving drug information retrie…
View article: On Mitigating Code LLM Hallucinations with API Documentation
On Mitigating Code LLM Hallucinations with API Documentation Open
In this study, we address the issue of API hallucinations in various software engineering contexts. We introduce CloudAPIBench, a new benchmark designed to measure API hallucination occurrences. CloudAPIBench also provides annotations for …
View article: Serum Biomarker Signatures of Choroid Plexus Volume Changes in Multiple Sclerosis
Serum Biomarker Signatures of Choroid Plexus Volume Changes in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Increased choroid plexus (CP) volume has been recently implicated as a potential predictor of worse multiple sclerosis (MS) outcomes. The biomarker signature of CP changes in MS are currently unknown. To determine the blood-based biomarker…
View article: Variational autoencoders for generative modeling of drug dosing determinants in renal, hepatic, metabolic, and cardiac disease states
Variational autoencoders for generative modeling of drug dosing determinants in renal, hepatic, metabolic, and cardiac disease states Open
Physiological determinants of drug dosing (PDODD) are a promising approach for precision dosing. This study investigates the alterations of PDODD in diseases and evaluates a variational autoencoder (VAE) artificial intelligence model for P…
View article: Performance of the ChatGPT Large Language Model for Decision Support in Community Pharmacy
Performance of the ChatGPT Large Language Model for Decision Support in Community Pharmacy Open
Purpose: To assess the ChatGPT-4 (ChatGPT) large language model (LLM) on tasks relevant to community pharmacy. Methods: ChatGPT was assessed with community pharmacy-relevant test cases involving drug information retrieval, identifying labe…
View article: Authors’ response to letter to editor
Authors’ response to letter to editor Open
Authors' Response to Letter to Editor from Hinpetch Daungsupawong and Viroj Wiwanitkit.
View article: Human restricted CHRFAM7A gene increases brain efficiency
Human restricted CHRFAM7A gene increases brain efficiency Open
Introduction CHRFAM7A , a uniquely human fusion gene, has been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, anxiety, and attention deficit disorder. Understanding the physiological function of CH…
View article: Non‐neurological factors associated with serum neurofilament levels in the United States population
Non‐neurological factors associated with serum neurofilament levels in the United States population Open
Objective To model interdependencies of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL), a clinically useful biomarker of axonal injury in neurological diseases, with demographic, anthropometric, physiological, and disease biomarkers in the United …
View article: Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini Large Language Models for Pharmacometrics with NONMEM
Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini Large Language Models for Pharmacometrics with NONMEM Open
Purpose To assess the ChatGPT 4.0 (ChatGPT) and Gemini Ultra 1.0 (Gemini) large language models on tasks relevant to NONMEM coding in pharmacometrics and clinical pharmacology settings. Methods ChatGPT and Gemini performance on tasks mimic…
View article: An ultra-sensitive and high-throughput trapping-micro-LC-MS method for quantification of circulating vitamin D metabolites and application in multiple sclerosis patients
An ultra-sensitive and high-throughput trapping-micro-LC-MS method for quantification of circulating vitamin D metabolites and application in multiple sclerosis patients Open
View article: Code-Aware Prompting: A study of Coverage Guided Test Generation in Regression Setting using LLM
Code-Aware Prompting: A study of Coverage Guided Test Generation in Regression Setting using LLM Open
Testing plays a pivotal role in ensuring software quality, yet conventional Search Based Software Testing (SBST) methods often struggle with complex software units, achieving suboptimal test coverage. Recent works using large language mode…
View article: Proteomic signatures of physical, cognitive, and imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis
Proteomic signatures of physical, cognitive, and imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis Open
Background A quantitative measurement of serum proteome biomarkers that would associate with disease progression endpoints can provide risk stratification for persons with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and supplement the clinical decision‐maki…
View article: Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini large language models for pharmacometrics with NONMEM
Evaluation of ChatGPT and Gemini large language models for pharmacometrics with NONMEM Open
View article: Evaluation of Prompt Engineering Strategies for Pharmacokinetic Data Analysis with the ChatGPT Large Language Model
Evaluation of Prompt Engineering Strategies for Pharmacokinetic Data Analysis with the ChatGPT Large Language Model Open
Purpose To systematically assess the ChatGPT large language model on diverse tasks relevant to pharmacokinetic data analysis. Methods ChatGPT was evaluated with prototypical tasks related to report writing, code generation, non-compartment…
View article: Proteomic predictors of physical, cognitive and imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis: 5-year follow-up study
Proteomic predictors of physical, cognitive and imaging outcomes in multiple sclerosis: 5-year follow-up study Open
Background A quantitative measurement of serum proteome biomarkers that would associate with disease progression endpoints can provide risk stratification for persons with multiple sclerosis and supplement the clinical decision-making proc…
View article: Exploring Continual Learning for Code Generation Models
Exploring Continual Learning for Code Generation Models Open
Prateek Yadav, Qing Sun, Hantian Ding, Xiaopeng Li, Dejiao Zhang, Ming Tan, Parminder Bhatia, Xiaofei Ma, Ramesh Nallapati, Murali Krishna Ramanathan, Mohit Bansal, Bing Xiang. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for …
View article: Proteomics and relationship with axonal pathology in multiple sclerosis: 5-year diffusion tensor imaging study
Proteomics and relationship with axonal pathology in multiple sclerosis: 5-year diffusion tensor imaging study Open
Blood-based biomarkers can be economic and easily accessible tools for monitoring and predicting disease activity in multiple sclerosis. The objective of this study was to determine the predictive value of a multivariate proteomic assay fo…
View article: ReCode: Robustness Evaluation of Code Generation Models
ReCode: Robustness Evaluation of Code Generation Models Open
Shiqi Wang, Zheng Li, Haifeng Qian, Chenghao Yang, Zijian Wang, Mingyue Shang, Varun Kumar, Samson Tan, Baishakhi Ray, Parminder Bhatia, Ramesh Nallapati, Murali Krishna Ramanathan, Dan Roth, Bing Xiang. Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meet…
View article: Plasma 24-hydroxycholesterol is associated with narrower common carotid artery and greater flow velocities in relapsing multiple sclerosis
Plasma 24-hydroxycholesterol is associated with narrower common carotid artery and greater flow velocities in relapsing multiple sclerosis Open
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) studies suggest greater cardiovascular disease burden and disturbances in the cholesterol pathways1,2 The potential impact of oxidized cholesterol molecules (oxysterols) on MS is emerging (Figure 1).3
O…
View article: Lower cerebral arterial blood flow is associated with greater serum neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis patients
Lower cerebral arterial blood flow is associated with greater serum neurofilament light chain levels in multiple sclerosis patients Open
Background: Hypoperfusion, vascular pathology, and cardiovascular risk factors are associated with disease severity in multiple sclerosis (MS).1,2 In particular, the total cerebral arterial blood flow (CABF), measured as a sum of all arter…