Nathan Luke Abraham
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View article: Moderate Climate Overshoots Trigger Hysteresis in Arctic Sea Ice
Moderate Climate Overshoots Trigger Hysteresis in Arctic Sea Ice Open
Limiting global warming to 1.5°C above preindustrial levels is central to the Paris Agreement, yet temporary overshoots of this target are increasingly likely. While the global mean surface temperature could return to 1.5°C through mitigat…
View article: Supplementary material to "Future volcanic eruptions may delay the recovery of lower stratospheric ozone over Antarctica and Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes"
Supplementary material to "Future volcanic eruptions may delay the recovery of lower stratospheric ozone over Antarctica and Southern Hemisphere mid-latitudes" Open
View article: mloz: A Highly Efficient Machine Learning-Based Ozone Parameterization for Climate Sensitivity Simulations
mloz: A Highly Efficient Machine Learning-Based Ozone Parameterization for Climate Sensitivity Simulations Open
Atmospheric ozone is a crucial absorber of solar radiation and an important greenhouse gas. However, most climate models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) still lack an interactive representation of ozone du…
View article: Evaluation of UKESM aerosol size and composition using ATom measurements indicates missing marine aerosol formation mechanisms
Evaluation of UKESM aerosol size and composition using ATom measurements indicates missing marine aerosol formation mechanisms Open
Atmospheric aerosols influence climate through their interactions with radiation and clouds, yet large uncertainties remain in their simulation by global models. This study evaluates the United Kingdom Earth System Model version 1.1 (UKESM…
View article: Climate forcing due to future ozone changes: an intercomparison of metrics and methods
Climate forcing due to future ozone changes: an intercomparison of metrics and methods Open
This study assesses three different measures of radiative forcing (instantaneous: IRF; stratospheric-temperature adjusted: SARF; effective: ERF) for future changes in ozone. These use a combination of online and offline methods. We separat…
View article: Development of Fully Interactive Hydrogen with Methane in UKESM1.0
Development of Fully Interactive Hydrogen with Methane in UKESM1.0 Open
Hydrogen is a potential candidate for an alternate energy source and carrier. As usage of hydrogen in industry rises, leakages into the atmosphere may occur, causing an increase in the global atmospheric hydrogen concentration. Hydrogen is…
View article: Recent Lower Stratospheric Ozone Trends in CCMI‐2022 Models: Role of Natural Variability and Transport
Recent Lower Stratospheric Ozone Trends in CCMI‐2022 Models: Role of Natural Variability and Transport Open
Lower stratospheric ozone between 60°S and 60°N has continued to decline since 1998, despite the reduction of ozone‐depleting substances following the Montreal Protocol. Previous studies have shown that, while chemistry‐climate models repr…
View article: Fate and speciation of NOx in an arid climatic region: factors assessment
Fate and speciation of NOx in an arid climatic region: factors assessment Open
NO and NO 2 continuously recycle in the lower atmosphere through a complex series of reactions involving NO, VOCs, NO 2 , and O 3 . Therefore, the NO 2 /NO x ratio can be utilized in dispersion models as an important substitute to understa…
View article: Last-millennium volcanic forcing and climate response using SO <sub>2</sub> emissions
Last-millennium volcanic forcing and climate response using SO <sub>2</sub> emissions Open
Climate variability in the last millennium (past 1000 years) is dominated by the effects of large-magnitude volcanic eruptions; however, a long-standing mismatch exists between model-simulated and tree-ring-derived surface cooling. Account…
View article: Data supporting the North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study (ACSIS) programme, including atmospheric composition; oceanographic and sea-ice observations (2016–2022); and output from ocean, atmosphere, land, and sea-ice models (1950–2050)
Data supporting the North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study (ACSIS) programme, including atmospheric composition; oceanographic and sea-ice observations (2016–2022); and output from ocean, atmosphere, land, and sea-ice models (1950–2050) Open
The North Atlantic Climate System Integrated Study (ACSIS) was a large multidisciplinary research programme funded by the UK's Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). ACSIS ran from 2016 to 2022 and brought together around 80 scientis…
View article: Virtual Integration of Satellite and In-situ Observation Networks (VISION) v1.0: In-Situ Observations Simulator (ISO_simulator)
Virtual Integration of Satellite and In-situ Observation Networks (VISION) v1.0: In-Situ Observations Simulator (ISO_simulator) Open
This work presents the first step in the development of the VISION toolkit, a set of Python tools that allows easy, efficient, and more meaningful comparison between global atmospheric models and observational data. Whilst observational da…
View article: Climate Forcing due to Future Ozone Changes: An intercomparison of metrics and methods
Climate Forcing due to Future Ozone Changes: An intercomparison of metrics and methods Open
We use Earth system models and a chemistry transport model to determine the radiative forcing due to changes in ozone Three different measures of radiative forcing (instantaneous: IRF, stratospheric-temperature adjusted: SARF, effective: E…
View article: Prediction of solar radiation as a function of particulate matter pollution and meteorological data using machine learning models
Prediction of solar radiation as a function of particulate matter pollution and meteorological data using machine learning models Open
View article: Impacts of hydrogen on tropospheric ozone and methane and their modulation by atmospheric NOx
Impacts of hydrogen on tropospheric ozone and methane and their modulation by atmospheric NOx Open
Atmospheric hydrogen concentrations have been increasing in recent decades. Hydrogen is radiatively inert, but it is chemically reactive and exerts an indirect radiative forcing through chemistry that perturbs the concentrations of key spe…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2024-1322
Comment on egusphere-2024-1322 Open
Abstract. Climate variability in the last millennium (past 1000 years) is dominated by the effects of large-magnitude volcanic eruptions; however, a long-standing mismatch exists between model-simulated and tree-ring deriv…
View article: Virtual Integration of Satellite and In-situ Observation Networks (VISION) v1.0: In-Situ Observations Simulator
Virtual Integration of Satellite and In-situ Observation Networks (VISION) v1.0: In-Situ Observations Simulator Open
This work presents the first step in the development of the VISION toolkit, a set of python tools that allows for easy, efficient and more meaningful comparison between global atmospheric models and observational data. Whilst observational…
View article: Global agricultural N2O emission reduction strategies deliver climate benefits with minimal impact on stratospheric O3 recovery
Global agricultural N2O emission reduction strategies deliver climate benefits with minimal impact on stratospheric O3 recovery Open
Agricultural nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emission reduction strategies are required given the potency of N 2 O as a greenhouse gas. However, the growing influence of N 2 O on stratospheric ozone (O 3 ) with declining stratospheric chlorine means…
View article: Comment on essd-2023-405
Comment on essd-2023-405 Open
Abstract. The North Atlantic Climate System: Integrated Study (ACSIS) was a large multidisciplinary research programme funded by the United Kingdom’s Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). ACSIS ran from 2016–22 and …
View article: Last Millennium Volcanic Forcing and Climate Response using SO <sub>2</sub> Emissions
Last Millennium Volcanic Forcing and Climate Response using SO <sub>2</sub> Emissions Open
Climate variability in the last millennium (past 1000 years) is dominated by the effects of large-magnitude volcanic eruptions; however, a long-standing mismatch exists between model-simulated and tree-ring derived surface cooling. Account…
View article: Analysis of UKESM1-StratTrop CCMI2022 experiments with a focus on ozone trends
Analysis of UKESM1-StratTrop CCMI2022 experiments with a focus on ozone trends Open
The transport of ozone from the stratosphere to the troposphere is a key contributor to the tropospheric ozone budget. It is estimated that the stratosphere-to-troposphere flux of ozone (STT) leads to ~500 Tg of ozone transported into the …
View article: Modelling the Global Uncertainty of Hydrogen Deposition
Modelling the Global Uncertainty of Hydrogen Deposition Open
Using hydrogen as an alternate fuel source could lead to lower carbon emissions if sourced from renewable energies. However, it can act as an indirect greenhouse gas by extending the lifetime of methane and causing stratospheric water vapo…
View article: Future volcanic eruptions delay stratospheric ozone recovery
Future volcanic eruptions delay stratospheric ozone recovery Open
At present, volcanic sulfate aerosols can lead to stratospheric ozone loss under the presence of anthropogenic chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). Recent satellite measurements showed that the 2015 Calbuco eruption, a small-magnitude eruption in C…
View article: Data supporting the North Atlantic Climate System: Integrated Studies (ACSIS) programme, including atmospheric composition, oceanographic and sea ice observations (2016–2022) and output from ocean, atmosphere, land and sea-ice models (1950–2050)
Data supporting the North Atlantic Climate System: Integrated Studies (ACSIS) programme, including atmospheric composition, oceanographic and sea ice observations (2016–2022) and output from ocean, atmosphere, land and sea-ice models (1950–2050) Open
The North Atlantic Climate System: Integrated Study (ACSIS) was a large multidisciplinary research programme funded by the United Kingdom’s Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). ACSIS ran from 2016–22 and brought together around 80 …
View article: Development, intercomparison, and evaluation of an improved mechanism for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide in the UKCA model
Development, intercomparison, and evaluation of an improved mechanism for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide in the UKCA model Open
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is an important trace gas emitted from the ocean. The oxidation of DMS has long been recognised as being important for global climate through the role DMS plays in setting the sulfate aerosol background in the tropos…
View article: Description and evaluation of the new UM–UKCA (vn11.0) Double Extended Stratospheric–Tropospheric (DEST vn1.0) scheme for comprehensive modelling of halogen chemistry in the stratosphere
Description and evaluation of the new UM–UKCA (vn11.0) Double Extended Stratospheric–Tropospheric (DEST vn1.0) scheme for comprehensive modelling of halogen chemistry in the stratosphere Open
The paper describes the development and performance of the Double Extended Stratospheric–Tropospheric (DEST vn1.0) chemistry scheme, which forms a part of the Met Office's Unified Model coupled to the United Kingdom Chemistry and Aerosol (…
View article: NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model With Aerosols and Chemistry, and Evaluation With KORUS‐AQ Data
NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model With Aerosols and Chemistry, and Evaluation With KORUS‐AQ Data Open
We describe and evaluate a system for regional modeling of atmospheric composition with the Met Office Unified Model (UM), suitable for climate, weather forecasting and air quality applications. In this system, named NUMAC (“Nested UM with…
View article: NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model with Aerosols and Chemistry, and evaluation with KORUS-AQ data
NUMAC: Description of the Nested Unified Model with Aerosols and Chemistry, and evaluation with KORUS-AQ data Open
We describe and evaluate a system for regional modeling of atmospheric composition with the Met Office Unified Model (UM), suitable for climate, weather forecasting and air quality applications. In this system, named NUMAC (‘Nested UM with…
View article: Stratospheric water vapor affecting atmospheric circulation
Stratospheric water vapor affecting atmospheric circulation Open
View article: Climate Projections Very Likely Underestimate Future Volcanic Forcing and Its Climatic Effects
Climate Projections Very Likely Underestimate Future Volcanic Forcing and Its Climatic Effects Open
Standard climate projections represent future volcanic eruptions by a constant forcing inferred from 1850 to 2014 volcanic forcing. Using the latest ice‐core and satellite records to design stochastic eruption scenarios, we show that there…
View article: Seasonal, interannual and decadal variability of tropospheric ozone in the North Atlantic: comparison of UM-UKCA and remote sensing observations for 2005–2018
Seasonal, interannual and decadal variability of tropospheric ozone in the North Atlantic: comparison of UM-UKCA and remote sensing observations for 2005–2018 Open
Tropospheric ozone is an important component of the Earth system as it can affect both climate and air quality. In this work, we use observed tropospheric column ozone derived from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Microwave Limb S…