Niranjan Nayak
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View article: Rare Case of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolated from Renal Stone in an Immunocompetent Patient
Rare Case of Aspergillus fumigatus Isolated from Renal Stone in an Immunocompetent Patient Open
This rare case of fungal etiology in patient having renal stones reveals the importance of closely monitoring postoperative patients, even when typical infection risk factors are absent.
View article: The Generation and Use of Medical MCQs: A Narrative Review
The Generation and Use of Medical MCQs: A Narrative Review Open
The use of multiple-choice questions in medical assessments is ubiquitous and extends in breadth from undergraduate formative and summative assessments to postgraduate certifications and reaccreditations. Despite the clear importance of mu…
View article: Secondary Bacterial Infection in Clinically Suspected Cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern
Secondary Bacterial Infection in Clinically Suspected Cases of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern Open
Secondary bacterial infection has become one of the most important complications in patients suffering with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). The suppression of immunity, which can occur due to T-lymphocyte deficiency during active PTB disease…
View article: Panchakarma & Rasayana : Ayurvedic Strategies for Preventing Lifestyle disorders
Panchakarma & Rasayana : Ayurvedic Strategies for Preventing Lifestyle disorders Open
Lifestyle diseases occur due to an individual's everyday regimen and arise from an incorrect interaction between individuals and their environment. Lifestyle diseases are a term given to all diseases arising from unhealthy lifestyles and r…
View article: Emerging Trends of Beta‐Lactamases in Western Nepal: A Growing Public Health Concern
Emerging Trends of Beta‐Lactamases in Western Nepal: A Growing Public Health Concern Open
Background: Clinically challenging bacterial infections are caused by microorganisms producing extended‐spectrum β ‐lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC β ‐lactamase (AmpC), and carbapenemases, which confer antibiotic resistance and may result in trea…
View article: Salmonella typhi: The Story beyond Typhoid
Salmonella typhi: The Story beyond Typhoid Open
Background: Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) caused by Salmonella typhi are rare, but there are a few reports of bacteria in urine from nontyphoidal Salmonellae and other Gram-negative bacilli. However, cases of bacteriuria with UTI due to …
View article: Prevalence of fungal infection in clinically suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis visiting a tertiary care hospital
Prevalence of fungal infection in clinically suspected cases of pulmonary tuberculosis visiting a tertiary care hospital Open
Pulmonary tuberculosis is the most important health concerns. Some fungi may acquire pathogenic potential in immunocompromised persons due to underlying diseases, use of prolonged antibiotics, chronic disease and malignancy. The presence o…
View article: Biofilm formation and slime production as virulence determinants among isolates from indwelling devices
Biofilm formation and slime production as virulence determinants among isolates from indwelling devices Open
Background: Biofilm is defined as an assembly of microorganisms which enclosed in a self-produced extracellular matrix principally of polysaccharide material and found in association with indwelling medical devices. This study was designed…
View article: Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections
Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Bacterial Pathogens Associated with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Open
Introduction: Respiratory tract infections are one of the most common and serious health problems in developing countries. Increasing incidences of multidrug-resistant isolates from cases of lower respiratory tract infections have been rep…
View article: Comparative evaluation of geneXpert MTB/RIF assay and Ziehl-Neelsen staining for the diagnosis of tuberculosis
Comparative evaluation of geneXpert MTB/RIF assay and Ziehl-Neelsen staining for the diagnosis of tuberculosis Open
Background: Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for the diagnosis of tuberculosis is frequently used. Since ZN smear technique has poor sensitivity, molecular tool like GeneXpert assay have recently been introduced in Nepal. This study compared Ge…
View article: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Frequently Touched Objects in Intensive Care Units: Potential Threat of Nosocomial Infections
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Contamination of Frequently Touched Objects in Intensive Care Units: Potential Threat of Nosocomial Infections Open
Background. Bacterial contamination in intensive care units is an important risk factor associated with increasing incidences of nosocomial infections. This study was conducted to study the bacterial colonization on commonly touched object…
View article: COVID-19 and Mucormycosis Coinfection: How Challenging It Is
COVID-19 and Mucormycosis Coinfection: How Challenging It Is Open
Recently, cases of rhinoorbital mucormycosis in people diagnosed with COVID-19 have been reported from India particularly. Diabetes mellitus though happens to be an independent risk factor both for severe COVID-19 and mucormycosis, adminis…
View article: Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: Looking into the Eye of the Cytokine Storm
Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19: Looking into the Eye of the Cytokine Storm Open
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View article: Mucormycosis COVID-19 Coinfection
Mucormycosis COVID-19 Coinfection Open
In the recent past, rhino-orbital mucormycosis in people with COVID-19, were reported from many parts of the world. Diabetes mellitus, though, happens to be an independent risk factor both for severe COVID-19 and mucormycosis, administrati…
View article: Neutralizing Antibodies to COVID-19 Virus: Merits and Limitations
Neutralizing Antibodies to COVID-19 Virus: Merits and Limitations Open
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS COV 2) , a newly emerged coronavirus swept over globally causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) pandemic. Immunological response to SARS COV 2 is a major focus of discussion at pr…
View article: COVID 19 and Mucormycosis Co-infection
COVID 19 and Mucormycosis Co-infection Open
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View article: Changing trends in antibiotic susceptibility pattern among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal
Changing trends in antibiotic susceptibility pattern among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas species in a tertiary care hospital in Nepal Open
Background: Pseudomonas spp is notoriously known to be important agent of hospital as well as community acquired infections. These organisms are resistant to many antibiotics by intrinsic and acquired mechanisms making infections difficult…
View article: Antibiogram Profile of Bacteria Colonizing the Endotracheal Tubes (ETTs) of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Antibiogram Profile of Bacteria Colonizing the Endotracheal Tubes (ETTs) of Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal Open
Hospital acquired infection (HAI) in intensive care units (ICU) are responsible for high morbidities and mortalities worldwide due to emergence of resistant bacteria. In developing countries, due to lack of knowledge of proper surveillance…
View article: Bacteriological profile of surgical site infections in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal
Bacteriological profile of surgical site infections in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal Open
Introduction: Surgical site infections are one of the most commonly reported nosocomial infections resulting into significant morbidity and mortality. Hospital admission and surgical procedures increase the risk of infection with multidrug…
View article: Kerion Celsi in a Nepalese Boy: An Underdiagnosed Cause of Scalp Swelling
Kerion Celsi in a Nepalese Boy: An Underdiagnosed Cause of Scalp Swelling Open
Tinea capitis (TC) is an infection of the scalp and hair caused by a dermatophyte fungus. Typically caused by the zoophilic and geophilic species of Microsporum and Trichophyton, it remains the commonest cutaneous fungal infection in child…
View article: Bacterial contamination of neonatal intensive care units: How safe are the neonates?
Bacterial contamination of neonatal intensive care units: How safe are the neonates? Open
Background Intensive care units (ICU) are essential healthcare facility for life threatening conditions. Bacterial contamination of objects/instruments in ICU is an important source of nosocomial infections. This study is aimed to determin…
View article: Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from the gut of subsistence farmers, their livestock, and the surrounding environment in rural Nepal
Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from the gut of subsistence farmers, their livestock, and the surrounding environment in rural Nepal Open
The increasing trend of gut colonization by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacterales has been observed in conventional farm animals and their owners. Still, such colonization among domesticated organically fed livest…
View article: Fluoroquinolones Resistance Among Bacterial Uropathogens In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Western Nepal
Fluoroquinolones Resistance Among Bacterial Uropathogens In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Western Nepal Open
Introduction: Urinary tract infections are one of the most common clinical illnesses in developing countries. Most of the infections are treated empirically due to unavailability of laboratory facilities. Fluoroquinolones are frequently us…
View article: Biofilm and MBL production among imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species
Biofilm and MBL production among imipenem resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species Open
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species are the primary cause of nosocomial infections. The advent of Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) and biofilm-producing bacterial strains poses a serious threat to reserve drugs such as carbapenem.…
View article: Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): An Update
Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19): An Update Open
At present, a novel Corona Virus called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome corona virus (SARS-Cov-2) has caused pandemic infection. This virus has been thought to be of zoonotic origin specially originating from bats. This Virus originated …
View article: Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from the gut of healthy chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus in rural Nepal: Dominance of CTX-M-15-non-ST131 Escherichia coli clones
Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae from the gut of healthy chickens, Gallus gallus domesticus in rural Nepal: Dominance of CTX-M-15-non-ST131 Escherichia coli clones Open
The surge in the prevalence of drug-resistant bacteria in poultry is a global concern as it may pose an extended threat to humans and animal health. The present study aimed to investigate the colonization proportion of extended-spectrum β-…
View article: COVID-19: a brief review
COVID-19: a brief review Open
In December 2019, Wuhan, in China, became the center of an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause. In January 2020, a novel coronavirus was identified. Later the whole genomic sequence of this novel virus was established. The World Health …
View article: Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal
Clinico-epidemiological profile of Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections, and their antibiotic resistant pattern in a tertiary care center, Western Nepal Open
Background: Infections caused by Acinetobacter species and Pseudomonas species, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains pose a serious management challenge with a public health threat.
Materials and Methods: A hospital-based retrospe…
View article: In Vitro Evaluation of Substantivity, Staining Potential, and Biofilm Reduction of Guava Leaf Extract Mouth Rinse in Combination with its Anti-Inflammatory Effect on Human Gingival Epithelial Keratinocytes
In Vitro Evaluation of Substantivity, Staining Potential, and Biofilm Reduction of Guava Leaf Extract Mouth Rinse in Combination with its Anti-Inflammatory Effect on Human Gingival Epithelial Keratinocytes Open
This study aimed to assess the biofilm reduction, staining potential, and cytotoxicity of guava extract mouth rinse compared to chlorhexidine (CHX). Substantivity, staining, and antibiofilm potential were investigated by spectrophotometry,…
View article: 264. Biofilm cells of Trichosporon asahii Show Higher Resistance Than Planktonic Cells to Various Abiotic Stresses
264. Biofilm cells of Trichosporon asahii Show Higher Resistance Than Planktonic Cells to Various Abiotic Stresses Open
Background Biofilms of Trichosporon asahii are known to resist the effects of antifungal drugs, but the study of their susceptibility to various abiotic stresses remains sparse. This study was thus undertaken to compare the level of in vit…