Susanne Schmid
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View article: Perinatal omega-3 sex-selectively mitigates neuropsychiatric impacts of prenatal THC in the cortico-striatal-hippocampal circuit
Perinatal omega-3 sex-selectively mitigates neuropsychiatric impacts of prenatal THC in the cortico-striatal-hippocampal circuit Open
Prenatal Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure (PTE) poses long-lasting neuropsychiatric risks, as evidenced by clinical and preclinical studies, yet the neurobiological mechanisms remain poorly defined. Emerging evidence implicates the neuroli…
View article: Auditory Brainstem Development in Autism: From Childhood Hypo-Responsivity to Adult Hyper-Reactivity
Auditory Brainstem Development in Autism: From Childhood Hypo-Responsivity to Adult Hyper-Reactivity Open
Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by sensory disruptions, including auditory processing differences, which can significantly impact social, emotional, and cognitive development. This study investigates auditory bra…
View article: Postnatal environment affects auditory development and sensorimotor gating in a rat model for autism spectrum disorder
Postnatal environment affects auditory development and sensorimotor gating in a rat model for autism spectrum disorder Open
The homozygous Cntnap2 knockout (KO) rat is a well-established genetic model for neurodevelopmental disorders, exhibiting core features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including impaired sensory processing and sensorimotor gating. Recen…
View article: Not a Deficit, Just Different: Prepulse Inhibition Disruptions in Autism Depend on Startle Stimulus Intensities
Not a Deficit, Just Different: Prepulse Inhibition Disruptions in Autism Depend on Startle Stimulus Intensities Open
Sensory processing disruptions are a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and other neurological disorders. The acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) are common metrics used to assess disruptions in sensory proc…
View article: Investigating gene-environment interaction on attention in a double-hit model for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Investigating gene-environment interaction on attention in a double-hit model for Autism Spectrum Disorder Open
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental behavioral disorder characterized by social, communicative, and motor deficits. There is no single etiological cause for ASD, rather, there are various genetic and environmental factor…
View article: Properties of the Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus Neurons Determine the Acoustic Startle Response in Cntnap2 KO Rats
Properties of the Caudal Pontine Reticular Nucleus Neurons Determine the Acoustic Startle Response in Cntnap2 KO Rats Open
Background: Rats with a loss-of-function mutation in the contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Cntnap2) gene have been validated as an animal model of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Similar to many autistic individuals, Cntnap2 knock-out r…
View article: Assessing the Cntnap2 knockout rat prepulse inhibition deficit through prepulse scaling of the baseline startle response curve
Assessing the Cntnap2 knockout rat prepulse inhibition deficit through prepulse scaling of the baseline startle response curve Open
Many neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are associated with changes in sensory processing and sensorimotor gating. The acoustic startle response and prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle are widely used …
View article: Multifactorial White Matter Damage in the Acute Phase and Pre-Existing Conditions May Drive Cognitive Dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Neuropathology-Based Evidence
Multifactorial White Matter Damage in the Acute Phase and Pre-Existing Conditions May Drive Cognitive Dysfunction after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Neuropathology-Based Evidence Open
Background: There is an urgent need to better understand the mechanisms underlying acute and long-term neurological symptoms after COVID-19. Neuropathological studies can contribute to a better understanding of some of these mechanisms. Me…
View article: Developmental changes in electrophysiological properties of auditory cortical neurons in the <i>Cntnap2</i> knockout rat
Developmental changes in electrophysiological properties of auditory cortical neurons in the <i>Cntnap2</i> knockout rat Open
This study shows that neurons in the auditory cortex of Cntnap2 knockout rats are hyperexcitable only during the juvenile age, whereas resulting changes in synaptic input persist in the adult. In conjunction with a previous study, the pres…
View article: Investigating behavioral phenotypes related to autism spectrum disorder in a gene-environment interaction model of Cntnap2 deficiency and Poly I:C maternal immune activation
Investigating behavioral phenotypes related to autism spectrum disorder in a gene-environment interaction model of Cntnap2 deficiency and Poly I:C maternal immune activation Open
Introduction Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has been associated with a wide variety of genetic and environmental risk factors in both human and preclinical studies. Together, findings support a gene-environment interaction hypothesis where…
View article: A review of the neural basis underlying the acoustic startle response with a focus on recent developments in mammals
A review of the neural basis underlying the acoustic startle response with a focus on recent developments in mammals Open
The startle response consists of whole-body muscle contractions, eye-blink, accelerated heart rate, and freezing in response to a strong, sudden stimulus. It is evolutionarily preserved and can be observed in any animal that can perceive s…
View article: Spatiotemporally dynamic electric fields for brain cancer treatment: an in vitro investigation
Spatiotemporally dynamic electric fields for brain cancer treatment: an in vitro investigation Open
Objective . The treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) using low intensity electric fields (∼1 V cm −1 ) is being investigated using multiple implanted bioelectrodes, which was termed intratumoral modulation therapy (IMT). Previous IMT studies th…
View article: Characterizing maternal isolation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations in a gene–environment interaction rat model for autism
Characterizing maternal isolation‐induced ultrasonic vocalizations in a gene–environment interaction rat model for autism Open
Deficits in social communication and language development belong to the earliest diagnostic criteria of autism spectrum disorders. Of the many risk factors for autism spectrum disorder, the contactin‐associated protein‐like 2 gene, CNTNAP2…
View article: Differences in Startle and Prepulse Inhibition in Contactin-associated Protein-like 2 Knock-out Rats are Associated with Sex-specific Alterations in Brainstem Neural Activity
Differences in Startle and Prepulse Inhibition in Contactin-associated Protein-like 2 Knock-out Rats are Associated with Sex-specific Alterations in Brainstem Neural Activity Open
The contactin-associated protein-like 2 (CNTNAP2) gene encodes for the CASPR2 protein, which plays an essential role in neurodevelopment. Mutations in CNTNAP2 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum diso…
View article: Planning system for the optimization of electric field delivery using implanted electrodes for brain tumor control
Planning system for the optimization of electric field delivery using implanted electrodes for brain tumor control Open
Background The use of non‐ionizing electric fields from low‐intensity voltage sources (< 10 V) to control malignant tumor growth is showing increasing potential as a cancer treatment modality. A method of applying these low‐intensity elect…
View article: Interleukin 15 modulates the effects of poly I:C maternal immune activation on offspring behaviour
Interleukin 15 modulates the effects of poly I:C maternal immune activation on offspring behaviour Open
Maternal infections during pregnancy are linked with an increased risk for disorders like Autism Spectrum Disorder and schizophrenia in the offspring. Although precise mechanisms are still unclear, clinical and preclinical evidence suggest…
View article: Hyperexcitable and immature-like neuronal activity in the auditory cortex of adult rats lacking the language-linked <i>CNTNAP2</i> gene
Hyperexcitable and immature-like neuronal activity in the auditory cortex of adult rats lacking the language-linked <i>CNTNAP2</i> gene Open
The contactin-associated protein-like 2 gene, CNTNAP2, is a highly penetrant risk gene thought to play a role in the genetic etiology of language-related disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder. Desp…
View article: Cortical patch clamp manuscript_ revisions_supplement.docx
Cortical patch clamp manuscript_ revisions_supplement.docx Open
Statistical results and Supplementary Figure 1: Data from auditory cortex neurons averaged for each individual wild-type (blue) and Cntnap2-/- (red) rat for (a) resting membrane potential, (b) cell capacitance, (c) membrane resistance, (d)…
View article: A Systematic Review of Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorder
A Systematic Review of Brainstem Contributions to Autism Spectrum Disorder Open
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects one in 66 children in Canada. The contributions of changes in the cortex and cerebellum to autism have been studied for decades. However, our understanding of bra…
View article: GABAB Receptor Agonist R-Baclofen Reverses Altered Auditory Reactivity and Filtering in the Cntnap2 Knock-Out Rat
GABAB Receptor Agonist R-Baclofen Reverses Altered Auditory Reactivity and Filtering in the Cntnap2 Knock-Out Rat Open
Altered sensory information processing, and auditory processing, in particular, is a common impairment in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). One prominent hypothesis for the etiology of ASD is an imbalance between neuronal ex…
View article: A Novel Three-Choice Touchscreen Task to Examine Spatial Attention and Orienting Responses in Rodents
A Novel Three-Choice Touchscreen Task to Examine Spatial Attention and Orienting Responses in Rodents Open
Mammalian orienting behavior consists of coordinated movements of the eyes, head, pinnae, vibrissae, or body to attend to an external stimulus. The present study aimed to develop a novel operant task using a touch-screen system to measure …
View article: l-Theanine Prevents Long-Term Affective and Cognitive Side Effects of Adolescent Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure and Blocks Associated Molecular and Neuronal Abnormalities in the Mesocorticolimbic Circuitry
l-Theanine Prevents Long-Term Affective and Cognitive Side Effects of Adolescent Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Exposure and Blocks Associated Molecular and Neuronal Abnormalities in the Mesocorticolimbic Circuitry Open
Chronic adolescent exposure to Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is linked to elevated neuropsychiatric risk and induces neuronal, molecular and behavioral abnormalities resembling neuropsychiatric endophenotypes. Previous evidence has reveal…
View article: Optimization of multi‐electrode implant configurations and programming for the delivery of non‐ablative electric fields in intratumoral modulation therapy
Optimization of multi‐electrode implant configurations and programming for the delivery of non‐ablative electric fields in intratumoral modulation therapy Open
Purpose Application of low intensity electric fields to interfere with tumor growth is being increasingly recognized as a promising new cancer treatment modality. Intratumoral modulation therapy (IMT) is a developing technology that uses m…
View article: Oxidative stress-induced parkin misfolding, aggregation, and toxicity
Oxidative stress-induced parkin misfolding, aggregation, and toxicity Open
Background: Excess oxidative stress and protein misfolding are major hallmarks of neurodegenerative disease, including Parkinson’s disease (PD). Mutations in the genes encoding the ubiquitin ligase parkin cause autosomal recessive juvenile…
View article: Maternal Immune Activation Alters Fetal Brain Development and Enhances Proliferation of Neural Precursor Cells in Rats
Maternal Immune Activation Alters Fetal Brain Development and Enhances Proliferation of Neural Precursor Cells in Rats Open
Maternal immune activation (MIA) caused by exposure to pathogens or inflammation during critical periods of neurodevelopment is a major risk factor for behavioral deficits and psychiatric illness in offspring. A spectrum of behavioral abno…