Explanipedia

Pan-STARRS follow-up of the gravitational-wave event S250818k and the lightcurve of SN 2025ulz Open

J. H. Gillanders, M. E. Huber, M. Nicholl, S. J. Smartt, K. W. Smith , et al. · 2025

Kilonovae are the scientifically rich, but observationally elusive, optical transient phenomena associated with compact binary mergers. Only a handful of events have been discovered to date, all through multi-wavelength (gamma ray) and mul…

GRB 241105A: a test case for GRB classification and rapid <i>r</i> -process nucleosynthesis channels Open

Dimple Dimple, B. P. Gompertz, A. J. Levan, D. Malesani, T Laskar , et al. · 2025

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) offer a powerful window to probe the progenitor systems responsible for the formation of heavy elements through the rapid neutron capture (r-) process, thanks to their exceptional luminosity, which allows them to be…

The La Silla Schmidt Southern Survey Open

A. A. Miller, Natasha S. Abrams, G. Aldering, Shreya Anand, C. R. Angus , et al. · 2025

We present the La Silla Schmidt Southern Survey (LS4), a new wide-field, time-domain survey to be conducted with the 1 m ESO Schmidt telescope. The 268 megapixel LS4 camera mosaics 32 2k × 4k fully depleted CCDs, providing a ∼20 deg 2 fiel…

The case of AT2022wtn: a tidal disruption event in an interacting galaxy Open

F. Onori, M. Nicholl, P. Ramsden, Sean McGee, R. Roy , et al. · 2025

We present the results from our multiwavelength monitoring campaign of the transient AT 2022wtn, discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility in the nucleus of SDSS J232323.79 + 104107.7, the less-massive galaxy in an active merging pair wi…

Discovery and Extensive Follow-up of SN 2024ggi, a Nearby Type IIP Supernova in NGC 3621 Open

T. W. Chen, S. Yang, Shubham Srivastav, Takashi J. Moriya, S. J. Smartt , et al. · 2025

We present the discovery and early observations of the nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2024ggi in NGC 3621 at 6.64 ± 0.3 Mpc. The SN was caught hr after its explosion by the ATLAS survey. Early-phase, high-cadence, and multiband …

Precursor Activity Preceding Interacting Supernovae I: Bridging the Gap with SN 2022mop Open

S. Brennan, Stan Barmentloo, S. Schulze, K. W. Smith, Ryosuke Hirai , et al. · 2025

Over the past two decades, an increasing number of transients have shown luminous activity at their explosion sites weeks to years before an interacting supernova (SN) is observed. For some objects, this pre-SN activity is typically linked…

SN 2023zaw: The Low-energy Explosion of an Ultrastripped Star Open

T. Moore, J. H. Gillanders, M. Nicholl, M. E. Huber, S. J. Smartt , et al. · 2025

Most stripped-envelope supernova progenitors are thought to be formed through binary interaction, losing hydrogen and/or helium from their outer layers. Ultrastripped supernovae are an emerging class of transient that are expected to be pr…

A study in scarlet Open

G. Valerin, A. Pastorello, E. Mason, A. Reguitti, S. Benetti , et al. · 2025

Aims. We investigate the spectroscopic characteristics of intermediate-luminosity Red Transients (ILRTs), a class of elusive objects with peak luminosity between that of classical novae and standard supernovae. Our goal is to provide a ste…

A study in scarlet Open

G. Valerin, A. Pastorello, A. Reguitti, S. Benetti, Yongzhi Cai , et al. · 2025

Aims. We investigate the photometric characteristics of a sample of intermediate-luminosity red transients (ILRTs), a class of elusive objects with peak luminosity between that of classical novae and standard supernovae. Our goal is to pro…

SN 2023tsz: a helium-interaction-driven supernova in a very low-mass galaxy Open

B. Warwick, J. Lyman, M Pursiainen, D. L. Coppejans, L. Galbany , et al. · 2024

SN 2023tsz is a Type Ibn supernova (SN Ibn), an uncommon subtype of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (SNe), discovered in an extremely low-mass host. SNe Ibn are characterized by narrow helium emission lines in their spectra and …

The fast rise of the unusual type IIL/IIb SN 2018ivc Open

A. Reguitti, Raya Dastidar, G. Pignata, Keiichi Maeda, Takashi J. Moriya , et al. · 2024

We present an analysis of the photometric and spectroscopic dataset of the type II supernova (SN) 2018ivc in the nearby (10 Mpc) galaxy Messier 77. Thanks to our high-cadence data, we observed the SN rising very rapidly by nearly three mag…

Eruptive mass loss less than a year before the explosion of superluminous supernovae: I. The cases of SN 2020xga and SN 2022xgc Open

A. Gkini, C Fransson, R. Lunnan, S. Schulze, F. Poidevin , et al. · 2024

We present photometric and spectroscopic observations of SN 2020xga and SN 2022xgc, two hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe-I) at $z = 0.4296$ and $z = 0.3103$, respectively, which show an additional set of broad Mg II absorption…

A study in scarlet -- I. Photometric properties of a sample of Intermediate Luminosity Red Transients Open

G. Valerin, A. Pastorello, A. Reguitti, S. Benetti, Yongzhi Cai , et al. · 2024

We investigate the photometric characteristics of a sample of Intermediate Luminosity Red Transients (ILRTs), a class of elusive objects with peak luminosity between that of classical novae and standard supernovae. We present the multi-wav…

Walking with SOXS towards the transient sky Open

Pietro Schipani, S. Campana, R. Claudi, Matteo Aliverti, Andrea Baruffolo , et al. · 2024

SOXS (Son Of X-Shooter) is the new ESO instrument that is going to be\ninstalled on the 3.58-m New Technology Telescope at the La Silla Observatory.\nSOXS is a single object spectrograph offering a wide simultaneous spectral\ncoverage from…

Discovery of the Optical and Radio Counterpart to the Fast X-Ray Transient EP 240315a Open

J. H. Gillanders, Lauren Rhodes, Shubham Srivastav, Francesco Carotenuto, Joe Bright , et al. · 2024

Fast X-ray Transients (FXTs) are extragalactic bursts of soft X-rays first identified ≳10 yr ago. Since then, nearly 40 events have been discovered, although almost all of these have been recovered from archival Chandra and XMM-Newton data…

Final alignment and image quality test for the acquisition and guiding system of SOXS Open

José Antonio Araiza-Durán, G. Pignata, Anna Brucalassi, Matteo Aliverti, Federico Battaini , et al. · 2024

SOXS (Son Of X-Shooter) will be the new medium-resolution (R 4500 for 1 slit), high-efficiency, wide-band spectrograph for the ESO NTT at La Silla Observatory, Chile. It will be dedicated to the follow-up of any kind of transient events, e…

Characterisation and assessment of the SOXS Spectrograph UV-VIS detector system Open

R. Cosentino, Marcos Hernandez Díaz, Hector Pérez Ventura, S. Campana, R. Claudi , et al. · 2024

The SOXS spectrograph, designed for the ESO NTT telescope, operates in both\nthe optical (UV-VIS: 350-850 nm) and NIR (800-2000 nm) bands. This article\nprovides an overview of the final tests conducted on the UV-VIS camera system\nusing a…

SOXS NIR: optomechanical integration and alignment, optical performance verification before full instrument assembly Open

Matteo Genoni, Matteo Aliverti, Giorgio Pariani, Luca Oggioni, F. Vitali , et al. · 2024

This paper presents the opto-mechanical integration and alignment, functional\nand optical performance verification of the NIR arm of Son Of X-Shooter (SOXS)\ninstrument. SOXS will be a single object spectroscopic facility for the ESO-NTT\…

Discovery and Extensive Follow-Up of SN 2024ggi, a nearby type IIP supernova in NGC 3621 Open

T. W. Chen, S. Yang, Shubham Srivastav, Takashi J. Moriya, S. J. Smartt , et al. · 2024

We present the discovery and early observations of the nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2024ggi in NGC 3621 at 6.64 +/- 0.3 Mpc. The SN was caught 5.8 (+1.9 -2.9) hours after its explosion by the ATLAS survey. Early-phase, high-cadence, and m…

SN 2023zaw: the low-energy explosion of an ultra-stripped star Open

T. Moore, J. H. Gillanders, M. Nicholl, M. E. Huber, S. J. Smartt , et al. · 2024

Most stripped-envelope supernova progenitors are thought to be formed through binary interaction, losing hydrogen and/or helium from their outer layers. Ultra-stripped supernovae are an emerging class of transient which are expected to be …

Optical Spectroscopy of Type Ia Supernovae by the Carnegie Supernova Projects I and II Open

N. Morrell, M. M. Phillips, G. Folatelli, M. Stritzinger, M. Hamuy , et al. · 2024

We present the second and final release of optical spectroscopy of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained during the first and second phases of the Carnegie Supernova Project (CSP-I and CSP-II). The newly released data consist of 148 spectra…

Searching for precursor activity of Type IIn supernovae Open

A. Reguitti, G. Pignata, A. Pastorello, Raya Dastidar, D. Reichart , et al. · 2024

We conducted a search for luminous outbursts prior to the explosion of Type IIn supernovae (SNe IIn). We built a sample of 27 objects spectroscopically classified as SNe IIn and all located at z < 0.015. Using deep archival SN fields image…

SN 2020pvb: A Type IIn-P supernova with a precursor outburst Open

N. Elias‐Rosa, S. Brennan, S. Benetti, E. Cappellaro, A. Pastorello , et al. · 2024

We present photometric and spectroscopic datasets for SN 2020pvb, a Type IIn-P supernova (SN) that is similar to SNe 1994W, 2005cl, 2009kn, and 2011ht, with a precursor outburst detected (PS1 w band ∼–13.8 mag) around four months before th…

SN 2019nyk: A rapidly declining Type II supernova with early interaction signatures Open

Raya Dastidar, G. Pignata, Naveen Dukiya, Kuntal Misra, D. Hiramatsu , et al. · 2024

We present an optical photometric and spectroscopic analysis of the fast-declining hydrogen-rich Type II supernova (SN) 2019nyk. The light curve properties of SN 2019nyk align well with those of other fast-declining Type II SNe, such as SN…

Newly formed dust within the circumstellar environment of SN Ia-CSM 2018evt Open

Lingzhi Wang, Maokai Hu, Lifan Wang, Yi Yang, Jiawen Yang , et al. · 2024

Newly Formed Dust within the Circumstellar Environment of SNIa-CSM 2018evt Open

Lingzhi Wang, Maokai Hu, Lifan Wang, Yi Yang, Jiawen Yang , et al. · 2023

Dust associated with various stellar sources in galaxies at all cosmic epochs remains a controversial topic, particularly whether supernovae (SNe) play an important role in dust production. We report evidence of dust formation in the cold,…

Unprecedented early flux excess in the hybrid 02es-like type Ia supernova 2022ywc indicates interaction with circumstellar material Open

Shubham Srivastav, T. Moore, M. Nicholl, M. Magee, S. J. Smartt , et al. · 2023

We present optical photometric and spectroscopic observations of the 02es-like type Ia supernova (SN) 2022ywc. The transient occurred in the outskirts of an elliptical host galaxy and showed a striking double-peaked light curve with an ear…

Broad-emission-line dominated hydrogen-rich luminous supernovae Open

P. J. Pessi, J. P. Anderson, G. Folatelli, Luc Dessart, S. González–Gaitán , et al. · 2023

Hydrogen-rich Type II supernovae (SNe II) are the most frequently observed class of core-collapse SNe (CCSNe). However, most studies that analyse large samples of SNe II lack events with absolute peak magnitudes brighter than -18.5 mag at …

Panning for gold, but finding helium: Discovery of the ultra-stripped supernova SN 2019wxt from gravitational-wave follow-up observations Open

I. Agudo, L. Amati, Tao An, F. E. Bauer, S. Benetti , et al. · 2023

We present the results from multi-wavelength observations of a transient discovered during an intensive follow-up campaign of S191213g, a gravitational wave (GW) event reported by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration as a possible binary neutron s…

Persistent and occasional: Searching for the variable population of the ZTF/4MOST sky using ZTF Data Release 11 Open

P. Sanchéz-Sáez, J. Arredondo, A. Bayo, P. Arévalo, F. E. Bauer , et al. · 2023

Aims. We present a variability-, color-, and morphology-based classifier designed to identify multiple classes of transients and persistently variable and non-variable sources from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Data Release 11 (DR11)…

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