Nathaniel Westrick
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View article: A broadly conserved fungal chorismate mutase targets the plant shikimate pathway to regulate salicylic acid production and other secondary metabolites
A broadly conserved fungal chorismate mutase targets the plant shikimate pathway to regulate salicylic acid production and other secondary metabolites Open
The molecular dynamics of plant-pathogen interactions are complex, involving a constant defense race between host plants and pathogens. Plants deploy antimicrobial metabolites and physiological responses to inhibit pathogens, while pathoge…
View article: First Report of <i>Colletotrichum fioriniae</i> Causing Bitter Rot of Apple in Massachusetts
First Report of <i>Colletotrichum fioriniae</i> Causing Bitter Rot of Apple in Massachusetts Open
In the summer of 2024, the UMass Extension Fruit Team was contacted due to reports of apple (Malus domestica) plants showing fruit rot symptoms. Infested fruits were found on ~70% of orchard trees and developed brown water-soaked le…
View article: Glyphosate resistance and <i>EPSPS</i> gene amplification confirmed in a waterhemp (<i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i>) biotype from Connecticut
Glyphosate resistance and <i>EPSPS</i> gene amplification confirmed in a waterhemp (<i>Amaranthus tuberculatus</i>) biotype from Connecticut Open
Waterhemp ( Amaranthus tuberculatus ) is an economically important broadleaf weed that threatens corn and soybean production across the United States. A waterhemp biotype (CT_Res [resistant biotype from Connecticut]) surviving multiple gly…
View article: A single laccase acts as a key component of environmental sensing in a broad host range fungal pathogen
A single laccase acts as a key component of environmental sensing in a broad host range fungal pathogen Open
Secreted laccases are important enzymes on a broad ecological scale for their role in mediating plant-microbe interactions, but within ascomycete fungi these enzymes have been primarily associated with melanin biosynthesis. In this study, …
View article: Fungal biotechnology: From yesterday to tomorrow
Fungal biotechnology: From yesterday to tomorrow Open
Fungi have been used to better the lives of everyday people and unravel the mysteries of higher eukaryotic organisms for decades. However, comparing progress and development stemming from fungal research to that of human, plant, and bacter…
View article: A Single Laccase Acts as a Key Component of Environmental Sensing in a Broad Host Range Fungal Pathogen
A Single Laccase Acts as a Key Component of Environmental Sensing in a Broad Host Range Fungal Pathogen Open
Secreted laccases are important enzymes on an ecological scale for their role in mediating plant-fungal interactions, but their function in fungal pathogenesis has yet to be elucidated. Ascomycete laccases have been primarily associated wi…
View article: A broadly conserved fungal alcohol oxidase ( <scp>AOX</scp> ) facilitates fungal invasion of plants
A broadly conserved fungal alcohol oxidase ( <span>AOX</span> ) facilitates fungal invasion of plants Open
Alcohol oxidases (AOXs) are ecologically important enzymes that facilitate a number of plant–fungal interactions. Within Ascomycota they are primarily associated with methylotrophy, as a peroxisomal AOX catalysing the conversion of methano…
View article: Disarming the Host: Detoxification of Plant Defense Compounds During Fungal Necrotrophy
Disarming the Host: Detoxification of Plant Defense Compounds During Fungal Necrotrophy Open
While fungal biotrophs are dependent on successfully suppressing/subverting host defenses during their interaction with live cells, necrotrophs, due to their lifestyle are often confronted with a suite of toxic metabolites. These include a…
View article: Poacic acid suppresses dollar spot and snow mould in amenity turfgrass
Poacic acid suppresses dollar spot and snow mould in amenity turfgrass Open
Plant‐based antifungal agents offer an alternative to synthetic fungicides in amenity turfgrass disease management. Poacic acid is a by‐product of the biofuel production process that has exhibited antifungal activity, and the objective of …
View article: Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
View article: Resistance against <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> in soybean involves a reprogramming of the phenylpropanoid pathway and up‐regulation of antifungal activity targeting ergosterol biosynthesis
Resistance against <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> in soybean involves a reprogramming of the phenylpropanoid pathway and up‐regulation of antifungal activity targeting ergosterol biosynthesis Open
Summary Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a predominately necrotrophic fungal pathogen with a broad host range, causes a significant yield‐limiting disease of soybean called Sclerotinia stem rot. Resistance mechanisms against this pathogen in soy…
View article: Additional file 1: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 1: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S1. Primers used in the validation of RNA sequencing data. All primers were either designed for this study or culled from literature. (XLSX 217 kb)
View article: Additional file 10: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 10: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
: Table S9. All putatively assigned transporter proteins which were upregulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1). (XLSX 16 kb)
View article: Additional file 12: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 12: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S12. Average expression analysis of all S line timepoints. â Ave. Exp.â is calculated as the log2 of the average counts per million (CPM) for each sample. CPM is generated from RPKM values to normalize for sequencing depth among gene…
View article: Additional file 15: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 15: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S14. Timepoint comparison of R and S lines. LogFC>1 indicates higher expression in the R line infection. LogFC
View article: Additional file 6: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 6: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S5. All genes which were differentially expressed between three timepoints of the S line infection and the culture control (C) (FDR<0.05; logFC>1 or logFC1. (XLSX 249 kb)
View article: Additional file 11: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 11: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S10. All putatively assigned transcription factors which were differentially regulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1 or logFC1. (XLSX 14 kb)
View article: Additional file 2: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 2: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S2. All genes differentially expressed over the progression of S line infection. DEGs were generated through the comparison of average RPKM values between early infection (24 and 48 hpi) and late infection (96 hpi). FDR < 0.05; Avera…
View article: Additional file 13: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 13: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S11. Raw RPKM value for S v C timepoint comparison (A) 24 hpi (B) 48 hpi (C) 96 hpi (XLSX 4311 kb)
View article: Additional file 14 of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 14 of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S13. All putatively assigned ROS scavenging enzymes which were differentially regulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1 or logFC1. (XLSX 12 kb)
View article: Additional file 8: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 8: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S7. All putatively assigned secondary metabolite synthesis genes which were upregulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1). (XLSX 11 kb)
View article: Additional file 7: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 7: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S6. All cell wall degrading and related hydrolytic enzymes upregulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1). (XLSX 23 kb)
View article: Additional file 18: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 18: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S17. Key describing the relationship between version one [23] and version two [60] gene loci annotations within the S. sclerotiorum genome. (XLSX 212 kb)
View article: Additional file 5: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 5: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S4. All genes found to be differentially expressed over the course of infection (FDR<0.05) which were similarly identified within sclerotial exudates in the Liang et al 2010 study. (XLSX 12 kb)
View article: Additional file 9: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 9: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
: Table S8. All putatively assigned cytochrome P450 genes which were upregulated at some timepoint of the S line infection in comparison to the culture control (FDR<0.05; logFC>1). (XLSX 11 kb)
View article: Additional file 3: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 3: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S3. Characterization and functional distribution of genes found to be differentially regulated over the progression of S line infection. (A) LATE genes (B) EARLY genes. P-value, Bonferroni correction, and FDR are all given, but only …
View article: Additional file 16: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 16: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S15. Characterization and functional distribution of genes found to be differentially regulated between the R and S line infections. (A) DEGs at 24 hpi (B) DEGs at 96 hpi. P-value, Bonferroni correction, and FDR are all given, but on…
View article: Additional file 17: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis
Additional file 17: of Gene regulation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum during infection of Glycine max: on the road to pathogenesis Open
Table S16. Comparison of S. sclerotiorum hydrolytic enzymes upregulated during infection of either soybean (This study) or B. napus [24]. (XLSX 36 kb)
View article: Integrated soybean transcriptomics, metabolomics, and chemical genomics reveal the importance of the phenylpropanoid pathway and antifungal activity in resistance to the broad host range pathogen<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>
Integrated soybean transcriptomics, metabolomics, and chemical genomics reveal the importance of the phenylpropanoid pathway and antifungal activity in resistance to the broad host range pathogen<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> Open
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , a predominately necrotrophic fungal pathogen with a broad host range, causes a significant yield limiting disease of soybean called Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR). Resistance mechanisms against SSR are poorly underst…
View article: Discovery of Viruses and Virus-Like Pathogens in Pistachio using High-Throughput Sequencing
Discovery of Viruses and Virus-Like Pathogens in Pistachio using High-Throughput Sequencing Open
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) trees from the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR) and orchards in California were surveyed for viruses and virus-like agents by high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Analyses of sequence information from 6…