Nicholas I. Smith
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View article: A lipid-driven, microbe-independent mechanism of acne via <i>Lrig1<sup>+</sup> </i> follicular progenitor cells
A lipid-driven, microbe-independent mechanism of acne via <i>Lrig1<sup>+</sup> </i> follicular progenitor cells Open
Long-chain saturated fatty acids (lcSFAs) are abundant in the skin, but their pathogenic roles in acne remain unclear. In human sebum profiling, C16:0, the most abundant lcSFA, was the only fatty acid significantly elevated in acne and cor…
View article: The Internal Nanostructure of Lipid Nanoparticles Influences Their Diverse Cellular Uptake Pathways
The Internal Nanostructure of Lipid Nanoparticles Influences Their Diverse Cellular Uptake Pathways Open
Lipid nanoparticles have emerged as critical platforms for bioactive agent delivery, with their success in COVID‐19 vaccines highlighting the urgent need to address gaps in understanding their biological interactions. Lyotropic liquid crys…
View article: Accelerated plastic aging in suspension (APAS): A simple, reproducible approach for the generation of model micro- and nanoplastics through simulated environmental forces
Accelerated plastic aging in suspension (APAS): A simple, reproducible approach for the generation of model micro- and nanoplastics through simulated environmental forces Open
The environmental fragmentation of plastic waste leads to the formation of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), which pose serious ecological and human health concerns. Despite increasing interest in their biological effects, many studies rely …
View article: Raman microscopy of cryofixed biological specimens for high-resolution and high-sensitivity chemical imaging
Raman microscopy of cryofixed biological specimens for high-resolution and high-sensitivity chemical imaging Open
Raman microscopy is an emerging molecular imaging technology, yet its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in measurements of biological specimens is severely limited because of the small cross section of Raman scattering. Here, we present Raman im…
View article: Correlative Quantitative Raman Chemical Imaging and MCR–ALS in Mouse NASH Model Reveals Direct Relationships between Diet and Resultant Liver Pathology
Correlative Quantitative Raman Chemical Imaging and MCR–ALS in Mouse NASH Model Reveals Direct Relationships between Diet and Resultant Liver Pathology Open
Raman imaging has the capability to provide unlabeled, spatially aware analysis of chemical components, with no a priori assumptions. Several lifestyle diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can appear in the liver as changes…
View article: Imaging vs Nonimaging Raman Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Single-Cell Phenotyping
Imaging vs Nonimaging Raman Spectroscopy for High-Throughput Single-Cell Phenotyping Open
Raman spectroscopy can provide nonbiased single-cell analysis based on the endogenous ensemble of biomolecules, with alterations in cellular content indicative of cell state and disease. The measurements themselves can be performed in a va…
View article: Spontaneous Raman bioimaging – Looking to 2050
Spontaneous Raman bioimaging – Looking to 2050 Open
Raman imaging has been employed for a wide range of biological sample analyses, is often chosen for its non-invasiveness, and ability to provide rich information from samples with minimal preparation requirements. In this paper we give a b…
View article: Correlating Mechanics of Materials Student Performance with Scores of a Test over Prerequisite Material
Correlating Mechanics of Materials Student Performance with Scores of a Test over Prerequisite Material Open
A test over prerequisite Statics and Calculus material was developed for use at the beginning of the semester in the Mechanics of Materials course at Wichita State University. This new pre-test differs from a typical concept inventory test…
View article: Raman microscopy of cryofixed biological specimens for high-resolution and high-sensitivity chemical imaging
Raman microscopy of cryofixed biological specimens for high-resolution and high-sensitivity chemical imaging Open
Raman microscopy is an emerging molecular imaging technology, yet its signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) in measurements of biological specimens is severely limited due to the small cross-section of Raman scattering. Here, we present Raman imagin…
View article: Time-deterministic cryo-optical microscopy
Time-deterministic cryo-optical microscopy Open
We developed a technique to rapidly freeze biological systems during observation under an optical microscope, which allows for detailed optical observation at a precise time in the biological dynamics at high spatial resolution and quantif…
View article: Single-cell Raman microscopy with machine learning highlights distinct biochemical features of neutrophil extracellular traps and necrosis
Single-cell Raman microscopy with machine learning highlights distinct biochemical features of neutrophil extracellular traps and necrosis Open
The defining biology that distinguishes neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) from other forms of cell death is unresolved, and techniques which unambiguously identify NETs remain elusive. Raman scattering measurement provides a holistic o…
View article: High-throughput line-illumination Raman microscopy with multislit detection
High-throughput line-illumination Raman microscopy with multislit detection Open
Raman microscopy is an emerging tool for molecular imaging and analysis of living samples. Use of Raman microscopy in life sciences is, however, still limited because of its slow measurement speed for spectral imaging and analysis. We deve…
View article: Bessel-beam illumination Raman microscopy
Bessel-beam illumination Raman microscopy Open
We demonstrate the use of Bessel beams for side illumination slit-scanning Raman imaging for label-free and hyperspectral analysis of cell spheroids. The background elimination by the side illumination and the aberration-resistant Bessel b…
View article: Cellular Adhesion Is a Controlling Factor in Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Induced by Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies
Cellular Adhesion Is a Controlling Factor in Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation Induced by Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies Open
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic Ab (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) is a life-threatening condition characterized by improper activation of neutrophils and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in small vessels. This study aim…
View article: Cellular adhesion is a controlling factor in neutrophil extracellular trap formation induced by antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies
Cellular adhesion is a controlling factor in neutrophil extracellular trap formation induced by antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies Open
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) is a life-threatening condition characterized by improper activation of neutrophils and release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in small vessels. This study a…
View article: Out-of-Pile Test of LVDT-Based Creep Test Rig at PWR Prototypical Conditions
Out-of-Pile Test of LVDT-Based Creep Test Rig at PWR Prototypical Conditions Open
New and improved materials are being considered to support the existing nuclear reactors and future next-generation reactors. The materials can significantly degrade and limit their properties in harsh reactor environments. To accurately u…
View article: Idaho Falls Power Black Start Field Demonstration (Preliminary Outcomes Paper)
Idaho Falls Power Black Start Field Demonstration (Preliminary Outcomes Paper) Open
This April 2021 field demonstration builds upon a 2017 field demonstration in which it was determined IFP’s HPPs, on their own, can support islanded black start and operation up to 2.5 MW loading. Modeling and hardware-in-the-loop testing …
View article: Deriving accurate molecular indicators of protein synthesis through Raman-based sparse classification
Deriving accurate molecular indicators of protein synthesis through Raman-based sparse classification Open
Raman spectroscopy has the ability to retrieve molecular information from live biological samples non-invasively through optical means. Coupled with machine learning, it is possible to use the large amount of information contained in a Ram…
View article: Deriving accurate molecular indicators of protein synthesis through Raman-based sparse classification
Deriving accurate molecular indicators of protein synthesis through Raman-based sparse classification Open
Sparse Raman-based models can reach high accuracy and stability for the prediction of fine biological processes (immune activation and protein synthesis), and privilege the use of side bands for the discriminating cellular differences.
View article: Handheld methods in archaeological research on large copper alloy assemblages: HH‐XRF against HH‐LIBS
Handheld methods in archaeological research on large copper alloy assemblages: HH‐XRF against HH‐LIBS Open
When alloy composition information is sought across a single large artefact assemblage, how well do handheld methods solve the problem of museum environments which restrict the movement of artefacts and destructive sampling, and which have…
View article: Immune cell type, cell activation, and single cell heterogeneity revealed by label-free optical methods
Immune cell type, cell activation, and single cell heterogeneity revealed by label-free optical methods Open
Measurement techniques that allow the global analysis of cellular responses while retaining single-cell sensitivity are increasingly needed in order to understand complex and dynamic biological processes. In this context, compromises betwe…
View article: ZPPR Cell Site Information
ZPPR Cell Site Information Open
The ZPPR Cell, located in the Materials & Fuels Complex, was operated between 1969 and 1990 before being placed into nonoperational standby. The ZPPR reactor and auxiliary equipment have since been removed from the facility. The ZPPR facil…
View article: Visible-wavelength two-photon excitation microscopy with multifocus scanning for volumetric live-cell imaging
Visible-wavelength two-photon excitation microscopy with multifocus scanning for volumetric live-cell imaging Open
Two-photon excitation microscopy is one of the key techniques used to observe three-dimensional (3-D) structures in biological samples. We utilized a visible-wavelength laser beam for two-photon excitation in a multifocus confocal scanning…
View article: Multimodal Label-Free Imaging to Assess Compositional and Morphological Changes in Cells During Immune Activation
Multimodal Label-Free Imaging to Assess Compositional and Morphological Changes in Cells During Immune Activation Open
When individual immune cells are triggered by pathogens or signalling molecules, a highly complex set of pathways regulate the response that involves a diverse range of intracellular components. Typically assessed through either fluorescen…
View article: Saturated excitation microscopy using differential excitation for efficient detection of nonlinear fluorescence signals
Saturated excitation microscopy using differential excitation for efficient detection of nonlinear fluorescence signals Open
We report a method to increase the efficiency of detecting nonlinear fluorescence signals in saturated excitation (SAX) microscopy. With this method, we compare fluorescence signals obtained under different degrees of saturated excitation …