Nicholas L. Balderston
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View article: Frontal cortex stimulation modulates attentional circuits and increases anxiety potentiated startle in anxious depression
Frontal cortex stimulation modulates attentional circuits and increases anxiety potentiated startle in anxious depression Open
TDCS enhanced executive function and task engagement, as evidenced by improved accuracy, reaction times, and frontal activation. However, it failed to reduce threat sensitivity as hypothesized. Contextual interventions engaging target circ…
View article: Role of the Locus Coeruleus in Response to Threat in Anxiety Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Ultra-High-Field 7T Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Role of the Locus Coeruleus in Response to Threat in Anxiety Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: An Ultra-High-Field 7T Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study Open
View article: Brain Age Prediction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder using a Convolutional Neural Network
Brain Age Prediction in Generalized Anxiety Disorder using a Convolutional Neural Network Open
Higher predicted brain age difference has been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is associated with markers of accelerated aging. In this study, we determined brain predicted age difference (…
View article: Neuroimaging changes in major depression with brief computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy compared to waitlist
Neuroimaging changes in major depression with brief computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy compared to waitlist Open
The goals of the current study were to determine the efficacy in major depressive disorder (MDD) of a shortened, computer-augmented cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) protocol and to determine brain plasticity effects following CCBT. Seve…
View article: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Substance Use Disorders and Chronic Pain: a Review of the Evidence and Call for Increased Mechanistic Understanding
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Substance Use Disorders and Chronic Pain: a Review of the Evidence and Call for Increased Mechanistic Understanding Open
View article: TMS-EEG markers of anxiety symptom state
TMS-EEG markers of anxiety symptom state Open
View article: Using TMS, psychophysiology, and interleaved TMS/fMRI to probe the mechanistic role of the right dlPFC in anxiety expression
Using TMS, psychophysiology, and interleaved TMS/fMRI to probe the mechanistic role of the right dlPFC in anxiety expression Open
View article: Continuous theta burst stimulation to the intraparietal cortex among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder
Continuous theta burst stimulation to the intraparietal cortex among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder Open
View article: A mechanistic trial of the neurobiology of extinction learning and intraparietal sulcus stimulation: Protocol (Preprint)
A mechanistic trial of the neurobiology of extinction learning and intraparietal sulcus stimulation: Protocol (Preprint) Open
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with deficits in extinction learning following trauma exposure. Gold standard treatments, such as prolonged exposure therapy, have been shown to improve extinction learning. H…
View article: Accelerated Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation and Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Depression
Accelerated Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation and Treatment-Refractory Bipolar Depression Open
Importance Bipolar disorder (BD) is chronic and disabling, with depression accounting for the majority of time with illness. Recent research demonstrated a transformative advance in the clinical efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulatio…
View article: Neuromodulatory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) changes functional connectivity proportional to the electric-field induced by the TMS pulse
Neuromodulatory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) changes functional connectivity proportional to the electric-field induced by the TMS pulse Open
This finding lays the groundwork for future studies to individualize TMS targeting based on how predicted rs-fMRI changes might impact psychiatric symptoms.
View article: Intermittent theta-burst stimulation to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may increase potentiated startle in healthy individuals
Intermittent theta-burst stimulation to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex may increase potentiated startle in healthy individuals Open
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment protocols targeting the right dlPFC have been effective in reducing anxiety symptoms comorbid with depression. However, the mechanism behind these effects is unclear. Further, i…
View article: The maintenance of complex visual scenes in working memory may require activation of working memory manipulation circuits in the dlPFC: A preliminary report
The maintenance of complex visual scenes in working memory may require activation of working memory manipulation circuits in the dlPFC: A preliminary report Open
Past research has shown that the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFC) are implicated in both emotional processing as well as cognitive processing, 1,2,3 in addition to working memory 4, 5 . Exactly how these disparate process…
View article: <i>p</i>Net: A toolbox for personalized functional networks modeling
<i>p</i>Net: A toolbox for personalized functional networks modeling Open
Personalized functional networks (FNs) derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data are useful for characterizing individual variations in the brain functional topography associated with the brain development, aging, and …
View article: Interleaved TMS/fMRI shows that threat decreases dlPFC-mediated top-down regulation of emotion processing
Interleaved TMS/fMRI shows that threat decreases dlPFC-mediated top-down regulation of emotion processing Open
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) is thought to be a key site in the brain’s cognitive control network, supporting cognitive processes like attention and working memory [1–7]. There is also evidence that the dlPFC is engaged durin…
View article: The ENIGMA Neuromodulation Working Group: Goals, Challenges, and Opportunities for the Field
The ENIGMA Neuromodulation Working Group: Goals, Challenges, and Opportunities for the Field Open
Since 2009, the ENIGMA Consortium has brought together neuroimaging researchers from over 45 countries to perform some of the largest international studies of over 30 major brain disorders. The ENIGMA working groups tackle the growing chal…
View article: A Double Blind Randomized Accelerated iTBS Trial in Bipolar Depression
A Double Blind Randomized Accelerated iTBS Trial in Bipolar Depression Open
View article: Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information
Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information Open
Elevated arousal in anxiety is thought to affect attention control. To test this, we designed a visual short-term memory (VSTM) task to examine distractor suppression during periods of threat and no-threat. We hypothesized that threat woul…
View article: Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information
Threat of shock increases distractor susceptibility during the short-term maintenance of visual information Open
BACKGROUND Work on anxiety related attention control deficits suggests that elevated arousal impacts the ability to filter out distractors. To test this, we designed a task to look at distractor suppression during periods of threat. We adm…
View article: The maintenance of complex visual scenes in working memory may require activation of working memory manipulation circuits in the dlPFC
The maintenance of complex visual scenes in working memory may require activation of working memory manipulation circuits in the dlPFC Open
Past research has shown that the bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (dlPFC) are implicated in both emotional processing as well as cognitive processing, 1,2,3 in addition to working memory 4, 5 . Exactly how these disparate process…
View article: Interleaved TMS/fMRI shows that threat decreases dlPFC-mediated top-down regulation of emotion processing
Interleaved TMS/fMRI shows that threat decreases dlPFC-mediated top-down regulation of emotion processing Open
Background The right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) has been indicated to be a key region in the cognitive regulation of emotion by many previous neuromodulation and neuroimaging studies. However, there is little direct causal evid…
View article: Toward personalized circuit-based closed-loop brain-interventions in psychiatry: using symptom provocation to extract EEG-markers of brain circuit activity
Toward personalized circuit-based closed-loop brain-interventions in psychiatry: using symptom provocation to extract EEG-markers of brain circuit activity Open
Symptom provocation is a well-established component of psychiatric research and therapy. It is hypothesized that specific activation of those brain circuits involved in the symptomatic expression of a brain pathology makes the relevant neu…
View article: The interactive effects of different facets of threat uncertainty and cognitive load in shaping fear and anxiety responses
The interactive effects of different facets of threat uncertainty and cognitive load in shaping fear and anxiety responses Open
A large body of research indicates that exaggerated response to uncertainty of a future threat is at the core of anxiety and related disorders, underscoring the need for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Although behavio…
View article: Functional connectomics in depression: insights into therapies
Functional connectomics in depression: insights into therapies Open
View article: Role of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in anxiety and cognition: Opportunities for intervention for anxiety-related disorders
Role of the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) in anxiety and cognition: Opportunities for intervention for anxiety-related disorders Open
View article: The effect of coil orientation on e-field magnitude, expressed as a percentage of motor threshold
The effect of coil orientation on e-field magnitude, expressed as a percentage of motor threshold Open
View article: The role of dlPFC laterality in the expression and regulation of anxiety
The role of dlPFC laterality in the expression and regulation of anxiety Open
View article: Cortical-subcortical structural connections support transcranial magnetic stimulation engagement of the amygdala
Cortical-subcortical structural connections support transcranial magnetic stimulation engagement of the amygdala Open
The amygdala processes valenced stimuli, influences emotion, and exhibits aberrant activity across anxiety disorders, depression, and PTSD. Interventions modulating amygdala activity hold promise as transdiagnostic psychiatric treatments. …
View article: Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation to the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex May Increase Potentiated Startle in Healthy Individuals
Continuous Theta-Burst Stimulation to the Right Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex May Increase Potentiated Startle in Healthy Individuals Open
View article: Acknowledgment of Ad Hoc Reviewers
Acknowledgment of Ad Hoc Reviewers Open
The editorial team of Emotion gratefully acknowledges the many individuals who