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View article: Characterizing trade‐wind shallow convection regimes in the open sea with a synergy of ship‐based vertical profiling observations
Characterizing trade‐wind shallow convection regimes in the open sea with a synergy of ship‐based vertical profiling observations Open
Precipitation occurs frequently in observed shallow convection across the Northern Atlantic Trades. Despite its central role in shaping the water cycle, it remains challenging to quantify how much and when precipitation occurs, and how pre…
View article: Cloud liquid water path detectability and retrieval accuracy from airborne passive microwave observations over Arctic sea ice
Cloud liquid water path detectability and retrieval accuracy from airborne passive microwave observations over Arctic sea ice Open
Clouds are critical in the Arctic’s water balance and energy budget. Especially, the cloud liquid water path (CLWP) modifies the cloud radiative properties and affects the surface energy balance. Spaceborne microwave radiometers provide a …
View article: Airborne observations of cloud properties during their evolution from organized streets to isotropic cloud structures along an Arctic cold-air outbreak
Airborne observations of cloud properties during their evolution from organized streets to isotropic cloud structures along an Arctic cold-air outbreak Open
This case study explores the evolution of clouds during an Arctic cold-air outbreak in the Fram Strait region observed during the HALO–(𝒜𝒞)3 aircraft campaign. Our research provides information about the formation, structure, microphysical…
View article: A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign
A comprehensive in situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign Open
The HALO–(𝒜𝒞)3 aircraft campaign was carried out in March and April 2022 over the Norwegian and Greenland seas, the Fram Strait, and the central Arctic Ocean. Three research aircraft – the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HA…
View article: Properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds explored by multi-frequency radars
Properties of Arctic mixed-phase clouds explored by multi-frequency radars Open
Arctic mixed-phase low-level clouds pose a large challenge to weather and climate models. The new G-band radar GRaWAC (G-band Radar Water vapor profiling and Arctic Clouds) is a frequency-modulated continuous wave radar with two frequencie…
View article: Long-term Analysis of Vertically Resolved Cloud Observations at Ny-&#197;lesund (Svalbard) using Self-Supervised Deep Learning
Long-term Analysis of Vertically Resolved Cloud Observations at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) using Self-Supervised Deep Learning Open
Climate change is particularly evident in the Arctic, where warming between 1979 and 2021 was almost four times faster than the global average (Rantanen et al., 2022). However, this temperature increase is not uniform across the region. Fo…
View article: Airborne observations of cloud properties during their evolution from organized streets to isotropic cloud structures along an Arctic cold air outbreak
Airborne observations of cloud properties during their evolution from organized streets to isotropic cloud structures along an Arctic cold air outbreak Open
This case study explores the evolution of clouds during an Arctic cold air outbreak in the Fram Strait region observed during the HALO-(𝒜𝒞)3 aircraft campaign. Our research provides information about the formation, structure, micro- and ma…
View article: Orbital-Radar v1.0.0: a tool to transform suborbital radar observations to synthetic EarthCARE cloud radar data
Orbital-Radar v1.0.0: a tool to transform suborbital radar observations to synthetic EarthCARE cloud radar data Open
The Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) launched in May 2024 carries a novel 94 GHz cloud profiling radar (CPR) wi…
View article: Microwave sea ice and ocean brightness temperature and emissivity between 22 and 243 GHz from ship-based radiometers
Microwave sea ice and ocean brightness temperature and emissivity between 22 and 243 GHz from ship-based radiometers Open
Passive microwave measurements of Arctic sea ice have been conducted over the last 50 years from space and during airborne, ship- and ground-based measurement campaigns. The different radiometric signatures of distinct surface types have l…
View article: Assessing sea ice microwave emissivity up to submillimeter waves from airborne and satellite observations
Assessing sea ice microwave emissivity up to submillimeter waves from airborne and satellite observations Open
Upcoming submillimeter wave satellite missions require an improved understanding of sea ice emissivity to separate atmospheric and surface microwave signals under dry polar conditions. This work investigates hectometer-scale observations o…
View article: Orbital-Radar v1.0.0: A tool to transform suborbital radar observations to synthetic EarthCARE cloud radar data
Orbital-Radar v1.0.0: A tool to transform suborbital radar observations to synthetic EarthCARE cloud radar data Open
The Earth Cloud, Aerosol and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) satellite developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) launched in May 2024 carries a novel 94-GHz Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) wi…
View article: Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign
Overview: quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – introduction and initial results of the HALO–(𝒜 𝒞) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign Open
Global warming is amplified in the Arctic. However, numerical models struggle to represent key processes that determine Arctic weather and climate. To collect data that help to constrain the models, the HALO–(𝒜𝒞)3 aircraft campaign was con…
View article: A comprehensive in-situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(AC) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign
A comprehensive in-situ and remote sensing data set collected during the HALO–(AC) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign Open
The HALO–(AC)3 aircraft campaign was carried out in March and April 2022 over the Norwegian and Greenland Seas, the Fram Strait, and the central Arctic Ocean. Three research aircraft, the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HAL…
View article: Reply on RC1
Reply on RC1 Open
Abstract. Upcoming submillimeter wave satellite missions require an improved understanding of the sea ice emissivity to separate atmospheric and surface microwave signals under dry polar conditions. This work investigates hectometer-scale …
View article: Reply on RC2
Reply on RC2 Open
Abstract. Upcoming submillimeter wave satellite missions require an improved understanding of the sea ice emissivity to separate atmospheric and surface microwave signals under dry polar conditions. This work investigates hectometer-scale …
View article: Comment on egusphere-2024-783
Comment on egusphere-2024-783 Open
Abstract. The global warming is amplified in the Arctic. To collect data that help to constrain weather and climate models, which often do not realistically represent the enhanced Arctic warming, the HALO-(AC)³ aircraft campaign was conduc…
View article: Overview: Quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – Introduction and initial results of the HALO–(AC) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign
Overview: Quasi-Lagrangian observations of Arctic air mass transformations – Introduction and initial results of the HALO–(AC) <sup>3</sup> aircraft campaign Open
The global warming is amplified in the Arctic. To collect data that help to constrain weather and climate models, which often do not realistically represent the enhanced Arctic warming, the HALO-(AC)³ aircraft campaign was conducted in Mar…
View article: Quantifying riming from airborne data during the HALO-(AC) <sup>3</sup> campaign
Quantifying riming from airborne data during the HALO-(AC) <sup>3</sup> campaign Open
Riming is a key precipitation formation process in mixed-phase clouds which efficiently converts cloud liquid to ice water. Here, we present two methods to quantify riming of ice particles from airborne observations with the normalized rim…
View article: Liquid water path derived from airborne observations over the sea-ice-free Arctic ocean
Liquid water path derived from airborne observations over the sea-ice-free Arctic ocean Open
Arctic Amplification is most evident in the rise of the near-surface air temperature observed in the last decades, which has been at least twice as strong as the global average. The mechanisms behind that are widely discussed. Many process…
View article: Investigating Arctic Clouds and Water Vapor over Sea Ice: Airborne Passive Microwave Observations during HALO-(AC)3
Investigating Arctic Clouds and Water Vapor over Sea Ice: Airborne Passive Microwave Observations during HALO-(AC)3 Open
Clouds and water vapor play a critical role in the water and energy balance of the Arctic. However, few field observations of these quantities over sea ice exist. Passive microwave observations provide high sensitivity to clouds and water …
View article: A detailed statistics of cloud and precipitation processes in the trades from the RV M.S. Merian
A detailed statistics of cloud and precipitation processes in the trades from the RV M.S. Merian Open
Shallow cumulus clouds always played an essential role in the uncertainties in climate predictions. The EUREC4A campaign was conceived to tackle the problem of how such clouds will respond to climate change. Recent studies showed that alth…
View article: Using synthetic EarthCARE Cloud Profiling Radar data to develop validation methodologies for ground-based cloud radar sites
Using synthetic EarthCARE Cloud Profiling Radar data to develop validation methodologies for ground-based cloud radar sites Open
The value of permanent, multi-sensor surface-based observatories that collect continuous long-term observations for satellite L2 data products has grown significantly over the last 10-15 years. Examples of such established surface-based ne…
View article: Characterizing the influence of riming on the spatial variability of ice water content in mixed-phase clouds using airborne data
Characterizing the influence of riming on the spatial variability of ice water content in mixed-phase clouds using airborne data Open
Observations show that ice water content (IWC) is not distributed homogeneously in mixed-phase clouds (MPC). Instead, high IWC tends to occur in clusters. However, it is not sufficiently understood, which ice crystal formation and growth p…
View article: Assessing the sea ice microwave emissivity up to submillimeter waves from airborne and satellite observations
Assessing the sea ice microwave emissivity up to submillimeter waves from airborne and satellite observations Open
Upcoming submillimeter wave satellite missions require an improved understanding of the sea ice emissivity to separate atmospheric and surface microwave signals under dry polar conditions. This work investigates hectometer-scale airborne s…
View article: Variability and properties of liquid-dominated clouds over the ice-free and sea-ice-covered Arctic Ocean
Variability and properties of liquid-dominated clouds over the ice-free and sea-ice-covered Arctic Ocean Open
Due to their potential to either warm or cool the surface, liquid-phase clouds and their interaction with the ice-free and sea-ice-covered ocean largely determine the energy budget and surface temperature in the Arctic. Here, we use airbor…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-1118
Comment on egusphere-2023-1118 Open
Abstract. Riming is a key precipitation formation process in mixed-phase clouds by efficiently converting cloud liquid to ice water. Here, we present two methods to quantify riming of ice particles from airborne observations with the norma…
View article: Quantifying riming from airborne data during HALO-(AC) <sup>3</sup>
Quantifying riming from airborne data during HALO-(AC) <sup>3</sup> Open
Riming is a key precipitation formation process in mixed-phase clouds by efficiently converting cloud liquid to ice water. Here, we present two methods to quantify riming of ice particles from airborne observations with the normalized rime…
View article: Comment on acp-2022-848
Comment on acp-2022-848 Open
Abstract. Due to their potential to either warm or cool the surface, liquid-phase clouds and their interaction with the ice-free and sea-ice-covered ocean largely determine the energy budget and surface temperature in the Arctic. Here, we …
View article: Comment on acp-2022-848
Comment on acp-2022-848 Open
Abstract. Due to their potential to either warm or cool the surface, liquid-phase clouds and their interaction with the ice-free and sea-ice-covered ocean largely determine the energy budget and surface temperature in the Arctic. Here, we …