Nizar Ibrahim
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View article: Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a gold standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems
Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a gold standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems Open
Natural language descriptions of organismal phenotypes, a principal object of study in biology, are abundant in the biological literature. Expressing these phenotypes as logical statements using ontologies would enable large-scale analysis…
View article: Comparative taphonomy of Kem Kem Group (Cretaceous) pterosaurs of southeast Morocco
Comparative taphonomy of Kem Kem Group (Cretaceous) pterosaurs of southeast Morocco Open
Although diverse, disparate, widespread, and long-lived, our understanding of the Mesozoic pterosaurs is heavily biased by specimens from Konservat-Lagerstätten. Here we consider the pterosaur assemblage of the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group…
View article: Sexual dimorphism in dinosaurs
Sexual dimorphism in dinosaurs Open
Studying fossils from a mass-mortality event reveals evidence for sexual dimorphism and, unusually, equal numbers of males and females in a herd of dinosaurs.
View article: The pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco
The pterosaurs of the Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco Open
The pterosaur assemblage of the mid-Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of Morocco is reviewed. This analysis examines their taxonomy, palaeoecology and palaeobiology with comments on taphonomy. New material permits the rediagnosis of the azhdarchoid…
View article: Editor's evaluation: An armoured marine reptile from the Early Triassic of South China and its phylogenetic and evolutionary implications
Editor's evaluation: An armoured marine reptile from the Early Triassic of South China and its phylogenetic and evolutionary implications Open
Editor's evaluation eLife digest Introduction Results Discussion Materials and methods Data availability References Decision letter Author response Article and author information Metrics
View article: Editor's evaluation: Neurovascular anatomy of dwarf dinosaur implies precociality in sauropods
Editor's evaluation: Neurovascular anatomy of dwarf dinosaur implies precociality in sauropods Open
Article Figures and data Abstract Editor's evaluation eLife digest Introduction Results Discussion Materials and methods Data availability References Decision letter Author response Article and author information Metrics Abstract Macronari…
View article: Sinking a giant: quantitative macroevolutionary comparative methods debunk qualitative assumptions
Sinking a giant: quantitative macroevolutionary comparative methods debunk qualitative assumptions Open
Myhrvold et al. 1 suggest that our inference of subaqueous foraging among spinosaurids 2 is undermined by selective bone sampling, inadequate statistical procedures, and use of inaccurate ecological categorizations. Myhrvold et al. 1 ignor…
View article: Unification of multi-species vertebrate anatomy ontologies for comparative biology in Uberon
Unification of multi-species vertebrate anatomy ontologies for comparative biology in Uberon Open
BackgroundElucidating disease and developmental dysfunction requires understanding variation in phenotype. Single-species model organism anatomy ontologies (ssAOs) have been established to represent this variation. Multi-species anatomy on…
View article: Geology and paleontology of the Upper Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of eastern Morocco
Geology and paleontology of the Upper Cretaceous Kem Kem Group of eastern Morocco Open
The geological and paleoenvironmental setting and the vertebrate taxonomy of the fossiliferous, Cenomanian-age deltaic sediments in eastern Morocco, generally referred to as the “Kem Kem beds”, are reviewed. These strata are recognized her…
View article: The vertebrate taxonomy ontology: a framework for reasoning across model organism and species phenotypes
The vertebrate taxonomy ontology: a framework for reasoning across model organism and species phenotypes Open
Background A hierarchical taxonomy of organisms is a prerequisite for semantic integration of biodiversity data. Ideally, there would be a single, expansive, authoritative taxonomy that includes extinct and extant taxa, information on syno…
View article: Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes
Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes Open
This data set includes a gold-standard corpus of evolutionary phenotype descriptions (in the form of character state descriptions pulled from a variety of phylogenetic systematics studies), and their corresponding expert-curated annotation…
View article: Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes
Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes Open
This data set includes a gold-standard corpus of evolutionary phenotype descriptions (in the form of character state descriptions pulled from a variety of phylogenetic systematics studies), and their corresponding expert-curated annotation…
View article: Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a Gold Standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems
Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a Gold Standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems Open
Natural language descriptions of organismal phenotypes - a principal object of study in biology, are abundant in biological literature. Expressing these phenotypes as logical statements using formal ontologies would enable large-scale anal…
View article: Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes
Gold Standard Corpus, Ontologies, And Entity-Quality Ontology Annotations For Evolutionary Phenotypes Open
This data set includes a gold-standard corpus of evolutionary phenotype descriptions (in the form of character state descriptions pulled from a variety of phylogenetic systematics studies), and their corresponding expert-curated annotation…
View article: Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a gold standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems
Annotation of phenotypes using ontologies: a gold standard for the training and evaluation of natural language processing systems Open
Natural language descriptions of organismal phenotypes, a principal object of study in biology, are abundant in the biological literature. Expressing these phenotypes as logical statements using ontologies would enable large-scale analysis…