Oliver M. Shannon
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View article: Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and associations with markers of adiposity: A prospective analysis within the UK Biobank cohort
Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and associations with markers of adiposity: A prospective analysis within the UK Biobank cohort Open
Background: Obesity remains a major public health concern in the UK, contributing towards increased disease risk and premature mortality. The Eatwell Guide - the UK's health eating model - is widely applied in policy and practice, yet evid…
View article: Awareness, facilitators, barriers, and behaviours surrounding brain health: a large-scale cross-sectional survey of adults across UK and Ireland
Awareness, facilitators, barriers, and behaviours surrounding brain health: a large-scale cross-sectional survey of adults across UK and Ireland Open
Background Almost half of all dementia cases could theoretically be delayed or prevented by addressing risk factors at the population level. However, dementia risk reduction requires awareness of, and action on, modifiable risk factors. Th…
View article: Adherence to four dietary indices and the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific dementia: Findings from the <scp>UK</scp> Biobank study
Adherence to four dietary indices and the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific dementia: Findings from the <span>UK</span> Biobank study Open
Aims Despite several modifiable risk factors for dementia being identified, diet is often excluded from consideration due to insufficient evidence. Although various healthy dietary indices have been associated with improved health outcomes…
View article: White Paper on Nutrition Sensing and Ageing
White Paper on Nutrition Sensing and Ageing Open
Ageing, which is defined as the progressive deterioration of physiological functions, is an inevitable part of the lifecycle. Nevertheless, its progress is believed to be influenced by modifiable factors, one of the most important being di…
View article: Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists
Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists Open
Crossover randomised controlled trials (RCT) are common in exercise and nutrition sciences. Since researchers randomise participants to different sequences of the treatment and comparator/control conditions, crossover RCTs are powerful for…
View article: Socio-demographic variation in adherence to The Eatwell Guide within the UK Biobank prospective cohort study
Socio-demographic variation in adherence to The Eatwell Guide within the UK Biobank prospective cohort study Open
The Eatwell Guide depicts the UK Government’s healthy eating recommendations and is widely used in clinical practice and public health settings. There is limited evidence on whether adherence to the Eatwell Guide differs by socio-demograph…
View article: Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists
Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists Open
Crossover randomised controlled trials (RCT) are common in exercise and nutrition sciences. Since researchers randomise participants to different sequences of the treatment and comparator/control conditions, crossover RCTs are powerful for…
View article: Healthy dietary patterns, cognition and dementia risk: current evidence and context
Healthy dietary patterns, cognition and dementia risk: current evidence and context Open
Approximately 60 million individuals worldwide are currently living with dementia. As the median age of the world’s population rises, the number of dementia cases is expected to increase markedly, and to affect ∼150 million individuals by …
View article: Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists
Understanding treatment response heterogeneity using randomised crossover trials: A primer for exercise and nutrition scientists Open
Crossover randomised controlled trials (RCT) are common in exercise/nutrition sciences. Since researchers randomise participants to different sequences of the treatment and comparator/control conditions, crossover RCTs are powerful for det…
View article: Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial
Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial Open
View article: Effectiveness and feasibility of a theory-informed intervention to improve Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity and cognition in older adults at risk of dementia: the MedEx-UK randomised controlled trial
Effectiveness and feasibility of a theory-informed intervention to improve Mediterranean diet adherence, physical activity and cognition in older adults at risk of dementia: the MedEx-UK randomised controlled trial Open
Background Despite an urgent need for multi-domain lifestyle interventions to reduce dementia risk, there is a lack of interventions which are informed by theory- and evidence-based behaviour change strategies, and no interventions in this…
View article: An Expert Consensus Statement on Biomarkers of Aging for Use in Intervention Studies
An Expert Consensus Statement on Biomarkers of Aging for Use in Intervention Studies Open
Biomarkers of aging serve as important outcome measures in longevity-promoting interventions. However, there is limited consensus on which specific biomarkers are most appropriate for human intervention studies. This work aimed to address …
View article: Foods, dietary patterns, and risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review
Foods, dietary patterns, and risk of vascular dementia: a systematic review Open
View article: Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial
Inter-individual differences in the blood pressure lowering effects of dietary nitrate: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled replicate crossover trial Open
Purpose Dietary nitrate supplementation increases nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reduces blood pressure (BP). Inter-individual differences in these responses are suspected but have not been investigated using robust designs, e.g., r…
View article: Next generation brain health: transforming global research and public health to promote prevention of dementia and reduce its risk in young adult populations
Next generation brain health: transforming global research and public health to promote prevention of dementia and reduce its risk in young adult populations Open
Efforts to prevent dementia can benefit from precision interventions delivered to the right population at the right time; that is, when the potential to reduce risk is the highest. Young adults (aged 18-39 years) are a neglected population…
View article: The daily experience of hunger in UK females with and without food insecurity
The daily experience of hunger in UK females with and without food insecurity Open
Food insecurity (FI) is associated with increased mortality risk, depression, and obesity in females in high-income countries, but causal mechanisms remain unclear. FI is often assumed to lead to increased levels of hunger. However, quanti…
View article: No Effect of Hunger on the Memory of Food Images and Prices
No Effect of Hunger on the Memory of Food Images and Prices Open
Purpose Food acquisition is an adaptive problem resolved via both physiological and psychological processes. Hunger could serve as a coordinating mechanism for these processes. When hunger increases, it may be beneficial to shift cognitive…
View article: The association between selenium status and global and attention-specific cognition in very old adults in the Newcastle 85+ Study: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
The association between selenium status and global and attention-specific cognition in very old adults in the Newcastle 85+ Study: cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses Open
There were no associations between selenium status and cognitive decline. However, serum selenium, but not SELENOP or GPx3 activity, was positively associated nonlinearly with global cognition at baseline. Furthermore, these associations w…
View article: The association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes: An umbrella review
The association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes: An umbrella review Open
Summary This umbrella review assessed the association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outcomes. MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were systematically searched for reviews that assessed the association between excess weight and COVID‐19 outc…
View article: Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate in a representative sample of adults from the United Kingdom
Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate in a representative sample of adults from the United Kingdom Open
Objective Evaluate knowledge and beliefs about dietary nitrate among United Kingdom (UK)-based adults. Design An online questionnaire was administered to evaluate knowledge/beliefs about dietary nitrate. Overall knowledge of dietary nitrat…
View article: Interindividual Differences in the Blood Pressure Lowering Effects of Dietary Nitrate: A Replicate Crossover Trial
Interindividual Differences in the Blood Pressure Lowering Effects of Dietary Nitrate: A Replicate Crossover Trial Open
Objectives: Dietary nitrate supplementation increases nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reduces blood pressure (BP). Individual differences in these responses are suspected but have not yet been investigated using robust designs, e.g.,…
View article: The daily experience of hunger in UK females with and without food insecurity
The daily experience of hunger in UK females with and without food insecurity Open
Food insecurity (FI) is associated with obesity in women in high-income countries, but causal mechanisms remain unclear. FI is often assumed to lead to increased levels of hunger. However, quantitative evidence describing daily experiences…
View article: No effect of hunger on the memory of food images and prices
No effect of hunger on the memory of food images and prices Open
Food acquisition is an adaptive problem resolved via both physiological and psychological processes. Hunger could serve as a coordinating mechanism for these processes. When hunger increases, it may be beneficial to shift cognitive resourc…
View article: The Mediterranean diet is not associated with neuroimaging or cognition in middle‐aged adults: a cross‐sectional analysis of the <scp>PREVENT</scp> dementia programme
The Mediterranean diet is not associated with neuroimaging or cognition in middle‐aged adults: a cross‐sectional analysis of the <span>PREVENT</span> dementia programme Open
Background and purpose The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated with reduced dementia incidence in several studies. It is important to understand if diet is associated with brain health in midlife, when Alzheimer's disease and …
View article: Higher plant-derived nitrate intake is associated with lower odds of frailty in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older women
Higher plant-derived nitrate intake is associated with lower odds of frailty in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older women Open
View article: Associations between Vegetable Nitrate Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review
Associations between Vegetable Nitrate Intake and Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Mortality: A Systematic Review Open
Consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables increases nitric oxide bioavailability, lowers blood pressure, and improves endothelial function. These effects could also translate into reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and mortality. This …
View article: Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on oral health and associated markers of systemic health: a systematic review
Effects of dietary nitrate supplementation on oral health and associated markers of systemic health: a systematic review Open
Poor oral health can impact an individual's ability to eat and has been associated with an increased risk of non-communicable diseases. While the benefits of nitrate consumption on oral health were first proposed more than 20 years ago, no…
View article: Effects of the COVID-19 associated United Kingdom lockdown on physical activity in older adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a mixed methods perspective from the MedEx-UK multicenter trial
Effects of the COVID-19 associated United Kingdom lockdown on physical activity in older adults at high risk of cardiovascular disease: a mixed methods perspective from the MedEx-UK multicenter trial Open
Introduction Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviour are linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, infections and dementia, as well as placing a significant economic burden on healthcare systems. The implementation of COVID-1…
View article: Nutrition for dementia prevention: a state of the art update for clinicians
Nutrition for dementia prevention: a state of the art update for clinicians Open
Background and objectives Dementia prevalence continues to rise. It is therefore essential to provide feasible and effective recommendations to encourage healthy brain ageing and reduce dementia risk across the population. Appropriate nutr…
View article: Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and cardiometabolic, cognitive and neuroimaging parameters: an analysis from the PREVENT dementia study
Adherence to the Eatwell Guide and cardiometabolic, cognitive and neuroimaging parameters: an analysis from the PREVENT dementia study Open
Background The Eatwell guide reflects the UK government's recommendations for a healthy and balanced diet. Previous research has identified associations between healthy eating patterns and both cardiovascular and brain health, although the…