Explanipedia

Collective Violence, Strengths, and Perceived Posttraumatic Growth: A Scoping Review Open

Matthew Brooks, Raymond C. O’Brien, Maria Livanou, Martin J. Turner, Kate Whittenbury · 2025

Collective violence—such as armed conflict, state-sponsored violence, and terrorism—represents a profound form of trauma, which can harm individuals, communities, and societies. Existing research has largely examined risk factors and negat…

Child Support and Joint Physical Custody Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2021

Child custody has evolved to the point where, at a minimum, states provide a mediated process by which parents may formulate parenting plans with court-appointed assistance. At a maximum state legislatures and courts increasingly consider …

Church and State and Child Endangerment Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2020

As media in the United States revealed the number of minors sexually abused by clergy, the gravity of the offenses, and the inability to prosecute the offenders, a second offense was revealed. Gradually it was illustrated that bishops and …

Marital Versus Nonmarital Entitlements Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2020

The percentage of adult couples living in intimate nonmarital cohabitation continues to increase. The period of cohabitation is most often for a short period of time and entered into for several reasons. But for a small percentage of these…

The Immediacy of Genome Editing and Mitochondrial Replacement Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2019

After human DNA was first defined in 1953, the parallel science of assisted reproductive technology achieved a successful human birth through in vitro fertilization in 1978. Science then went on to facilitate gestational surrogacy, banking…

Equitable Relief for ERISA Benefit Plan Designation Mistakes Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2018

Since its enactment in 1974, the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) and related insurance and disability programs provided retirement security for employees and employers, amassing more than $9 trillion in protected assets. Co…

Assessing Assisted Reproductive Technology Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2018

Technological innovation possesses both opportunity and challenge. Because assisted reproductive technology (ART) involves sexual intimacy, parenthood, personhood, gender identity, privacy, legacy, and a plethora of religious, historical, …

Obergefell ’s Impact on Functional Families Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2017

More than forty percent of children born in America are born to unmarried parents and only half of all cohabitating adults in America are currently married. While many children are born to single parents, others are part of the two-person …

The Legal Dilemma of Partner Notification During the HIV Epidemic Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2016

On a specific level this article addresses the issue of whether states should mandate HIV testing and notification of prospective or current marital partners, or non-marital partners with whom the testing-positive person is involved in a s…

Selective Issues in Effective Medicaid Estate Recovery Statutes Open

Raymond C. O’Brien · 2015

Medicaid is a joint federal-state partnership program that provides medical care to the elderly, blind, and disabled poor. Unlike Medicare, Medicaid will pay for long-term care, leading millions of persons in need of such care to “spend-do…

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