Explanipedia

Dominance-based distributional cost-effectiveness analysis of cardiovascular disease risk screening in Sri Lanka Open

Nilmini Wijemunige, Pieter van Baal, Ravindra P. Rannan‐Eliya, Owen O’Donnell · 2025

Coping (more or less) with health shocks: A longitudinal perspective on financial protection from Nepal Open

Vishnu Prasad Sapkota, Owen O’Donnell · 2025

Writing about health inequality: recommendations for accurate and impactful presentation of evidence Open

Nicole Bergen, Katherine Kirkby, Aluísio J. D. Barros, Paula Braveman, Peter Goldblatt , et al. · 2025

Health and development agendas and programmes often prioritize the reduction of unfair and remediable health inequalities. There is a growing amount of data pertaining to health inequalities. Written outputs, including academic research pa…

Effect of pre-exposure prophylaxis on risky sexual behaviour of female sex workers in Dakar, Senegal: A randomised controlled trial Open

Wally Toh, Aurélia Lépine, Khady Gueye, Mame Mor Fall, Abdou Khoudia Diop , et al. · 2025

Background HIV prevention through pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may encourage riskier sexual behaviours that undermine the protection afforded by PrEP and generate negative spillovers through sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Tests…

Do social preferences explain health inequality aversion? Open

Matthew Robson, Tim Doran, Owen O’Donnell, Tom Van Ourti · 2025

Impartial-spectator experiments find strong average health inequality aversion with much variation that is unexplained. We examine whether social preferences over own and others’ health can partly explain this variation. We conduct an onli…

Responsibility-sensitive welfare weights for health Open

Matthew Robson, Owen O’Donnell, Tom Van Ourti · 2025

We estimate welfare weights for health to facilitate program evaluation allowing for aversion to health inequality and to health inequity by three non-health characteristics. In a UK general population sample, 569 online experiment partici…

Association of socioeconomic inequality in cardiovascular disease risk with economic development across 57 low- and middle-income countries: Cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative individual-level data Open

Callum Brindley, Tom Van Ourti, Igna Bonfrer, Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Economic development was associated with higher and more unequal CVD risk, which may warrant shifting targeting of CVD primary prevention to socially disadvantaged groups.

Healthcare inequity arising from unequal response to need in the older (45+ years) population of India: Analysis of nationally representative data Open

Sanjay K. Mohanty, Junaid Khan, Suraj Maiti, Fabrice Kämpfen, Jürgen Maurer , et al. · 2024

Given the large and growing number of older (45+ years) people in India, inequitable access to healthcare in this population would slow global progress toward universal health coverage. We used a 2017-18 nationally representative sample of…

Missed opportunities for hypertension screening of older people in the Philippines: cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative individual-level data Open

Aleli D. Kraft, Joseph J. Capuno, Kayleen Gene R Calicdan, Grace T. Cruz, Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia, Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation/Swiss National Science Foundation grant 400640_160374.

Effect of pre-exposure prophylaxis on risky sexual behaviour of female sex workers in Dakar, Senegal: A randomised controlled trial Open

Wally Toh, Aurélia Lépine, Khady Gueye, Mame Mor Fall, Abdou Khoudia Diop , et al. · 2024

Background HIV prevention through pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) may encourage riskier sexual behaviours that undermine the protection afforded by PrEP and generates negative spillovers on sexually transmitted diseases. Tests for such ris…

Ranking Age-at-Death Distributions Using Dominance: Robust Evaluation of United States Mortality Trends, 2006–2021 Open

Jawa Issa, Tom Van Ourti, Pieter van Baal, Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Diverging mortality trends at different ages motivate the monitoring of lifespan inequality alongside life expectancy. Conclusions are ambiguous when life expectancy and lifespan inequality move in the same direction or when inequality mea…

Health outcomes and healthcare utilization associated with four undiagnosed chronic conditions: evidence from nationally representative survey data in Sri Lanka Open

Nilmini Wijemunige, Pieter van Baal, Ravindra P. Rannan‐Eliya, Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Background Low awareness of chronic conditions raises the risk of poorer health outcomes and may result in healthcare utilization and spending in response to symptoms of undiagnosed conditions. Little evidence exists, particularly from low…

The Prevalence and Epidemiological Features of Ischaemic Heart Disease in Sri Lanka Open

Nilmini Wijemunige, Ravindra P. Rannan‐Eliya, H. M. M. Herath, Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Background: There is limited evidence on the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) and its association with risk factors and socioeconomic status (SES) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the relatively high levels of …

Health and health system effects on poverty: A narrative review of global evidence Open

Owen O’Donnell · 2024

Ill-health causes poverty. The effect runs through multiple mechanisms that span lifetimes and cross generations. Health systems can reduce poverty by improving health and weakening links from ill-health to poverty. This paper maps routes …

Aversion to health inequality — Pure, income-related and income-caused Open

Matthew Robson, Owen O’Donnell, Tom Van Ourti · 2024

We design a novel experiment to identify aversion to pure (univariate) health inequality separately from aversion to income-related and income-caused health inequality. Participants allocate resources to determine health of individuals. Id…

Selective exercise of discretion in disability insurance awards Open

Pilar García‐Gómez, Pierre Koning, Owen O’Donnell, Carlos Riumalló‐Herl · 2023

Variation in assessor stringency in awarding benefits leaves applicants exposed to uninsured risk that could be systematic if discretion were exercised selectively. Using administrative data on disability insurance (DI) applications in the…

Optimizing cardiovascular disease risk screening in a low-resource setting: cost-effectiveness of program modifications in Sri Lanka modelled with nationally representative survey data Open

Nilmini Wijemunige, Ravindra P. Rannan‐Eliya, Pieter van Baal, Owen O’Donnell · 2023

Background While screening for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk can help low-resource health systems deliver low-cost, effective prevention, evidence is needed to adapt international screening guidelines for maximal impact in local settin…

Public health insurance coverage in India before and after PM-JAY: repeated cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative survey data Open

Sanjay K. Mohanty, Ashish Kumar Upadhyay, Suraj Maiti, Radhe Shyam Mishra, Fabrice Kämpfen , et al. · 2023

Introduction The provision of non-contributory public health insurance (NPHI) to marginalised populations is a critical step along the path to universal health coverage. We aimed to assess the extent to which Ayushman Bharat-Pradhan Mantri…

Risk factor contributions to socioeconomic inequality in cardiovascular risk in the Philippines: a cross-sectional study of nationally representative survey data Open

Callum Brindley, Tom Van Ourti, Joseph J. Capuno, Aleli D. Kraft, Jenny Kudymowa , et al. · 2023

Sociodemographic and geographic inequalities in diagnosis and treatment of older adults’ chronic conditions in India: a nationally representative population-based study Open

Sanjay K. Mohanty, Abhilasha, Radhe Shyam Mishra, Ashish Kumar Upadhyay, Owen O’Donnell , et al. · 2023

Context Expeditious diagnosis and treatment of chronic conditions are critical to control the burden of non-communicable disease in low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to estimate sociodemographic and geographic inequalities in diag…

Selective Exercise of Discretion in Disability Insurance Awards Open

Pilar García‐Gómez, Pierre Koning, Owen O’Donnell, Carlos Riumalló‐Herl · 2023

Cost-Effectiveness and Distributional Impact of Opportunistic Screening for People at High-Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Sri Lanka: A Modelling Study Open

Nilmini Wijemunige, Ravindra P. Rannan‐Eliya, Jürgen Maurer, Owen O’Donnell · 2022

Opportunistic screening for cardiovascular diseases at outpatient clinics in Sri Lanka could be cost-effective and equitable.

Associations between health-related quality of life and measures of adiposity among Filipino adults Open

Joseph J. Capuno, Aleli D. Kraft, Kayleen Gene R Calicdan, Owen O’Donnell · 2022

Objective Estimate associations between the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adiposity in a low-income population. Methods In a cluster random sample of 3796 Filipinos aged 40–70 years in Nueva Ecija province, we measured body ma…

Do time preferences explain low health insurance take‐up? Open

Aurélien Baillon, Owen O’Donnell, Stella Quimbo, Kim van Wilgenburg · 2022

Low insurance take‐up in low‐income populations is not easily explained by the standard single‐period expected utility model of insurance that overlooks the relevance of time preference when liquidity is constrained. We design field survey…

Use of unclean cooking fuels and visual impairment of older adults in India: A nationally representative population-based study Open

Samarul Islam, Ashish Kumar Upadhyay, Sanjay K. Mohanty, Sarang Pedgaonkar, Jürgen Maurer , et al. · 2022

A behavioral decomposition of willingness to pay for health insurance Open

Aurélien Baillon, Aleli D. Kraft, Owen O’Donnell, Kim van Wilgenburg · 2022

Despite widespread exposure to substantial medical expenditure risk in low-income populations, health insurance enrollment is typically low. This is puzzling from the perspective of expected utility theory. To help explain it, this paper i…

Explaining probability judgment inaccuracy: A lens model extended decomposition of the Brier Score. Open

Teresa Bago d’Uva, Owen O’Donnell · 2022

Identifying sources of inaccuracy in probability judgments can help correct decision errors. We combine the lens model with the Brier Score to decompose this measure of inaccuracy into (a) difficulty of judgment task, (b) outcome predictab…

Persistent effects of temporary incentives: Evidence from a nationwide health insurance experiment Open

Aurélien Baillon, Joseph J. Capuno, Owen O’Donnell, Carlos Antonio R. Tan, Kim van Wilgenburg · 2021

Prevalence and inequality in persistent undiagnosed, untreated, and uncontrolled hypertension: Evidence from a cohort of older Mexicans Open

Charlotte Dieteren, Owen O’Donnell, Igna Bonfrer · 2021

Hypertension is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and substantial gaps in diagnosis, treatment and control signal failure to avert premature deaths. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence and assess the socioeconom…

Awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in adults aged 45 years and over and their spouses in India: A nationally representative cross-sectional study Open

Sanjay K. Mohanty, Sarang Pedgaonkar, Ashish Kumar Upadhyay, Fabrice Kämpfen, Prashant Shekhar , et al. · 2021

Background Lack of nationwide evidence on awareness, treatment, and control (ATC) of hypertension among older adults in India impeded targeted management of this condition. We aimed to estimate rates of hypertension ATC in the older popula…

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