Explanipedia

Charge-dependent spectral softenings of primary cosmic-rays from proton to iron below the knee Open

DAMPE Collaboration, P. Azzarello, Henri Boutin, Mingsheng Cai, Elisabetta Casilli , et al. · 2025

In most particle acceleration mechanisms, the maximum energy of the cosmic rays can achieve is charge dependent. However, the observational verification of such a fundamental relation is still lack due to the difficulty of measuring the sp…

POLAR-2 – Latest Developments of the Next Generation GRB Polarimeter Open

J. Hulsman, Mariachiara Celato, Aaron Feder, P. Azzarello, J. Bayer , et al. · 2025

Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are among the most energetic events in the Universe. Despite over 50 years of research and measurements their prompt emission remains poorly understood, with key questions surrounding the structure of relativistic j…

Comprehensive Study of the Lunar Energetic Particle Environment with LunPAN Open

J. Hulsman, Elisa Maria Alessi, Leonardo Andreasi, P. Azzarello, B. Bergmann , et al. · 2025

LunPAN (Lunar Particle Analyzer Network) is a three-year mission proposal designed to comprehensively map the particle spectra in the lunar radiation field. It aims to provide precise measurements of Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR), Solar Energ…

Performance of the SiPMs and Beta ASIC in the FIT Scintillating Fiber Tracker Open

Keerthana Rajan Lathika, Giulio Lucchetta, J. Rico, J. Boix, Laia Cardiel Sas , et al. · 2025

Gamma-ray burst polarimetry with the POLAR and POLAR-2 missions Open

Nicolas De Angelis, P. Azzarello, F. Cadoux, Kurt Dittrich, Yannick Favre , et al. · 2025

Gamma-Ray Bursts are among the most powerful and violent events in the Universe. Despite over half a century of observations of these transient sources, many open questions remain about their nature and the physical emission mechanisms at …

The scintillating-fiber tracker (FIT) of the HERD space mission from design to performance Open

C. Perrina, Jennifer Maria Frieden, P. Azzarello, D. Sukhonos, Xin Wu , et al. · 2024

The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection facility (HERD) will be a calorimetric experiment on board the China Space Station. Starting from 2027, HERD will perform the first direct measurement of cosmic rays in the PeV region and the gamm…

Characterization of a Large Area Hybrid Pixel Detector of Timepix3 Technology for Space Applications Open

Martin Farkaš, B. Bergmann, P. Broulím, Petr Burian, G. Ambrosi , et al. · 2024

We present the characterization of a highly segmented “large area” hybrid pixel detector (Timepix3, 512 × 512 pixels, pixel pitch 55 µm) for application in space experiments. We demonstrate that the nominal power consumption of 6 W can be …

Relativistic particle measurement in jupiter’s magnetosphere with Pix.PAN Open

J. Hulsman, X. Wu, P. Azzarello, B. Bergmann, Michael Campbell , et al. · 2023

DArk Matter Particle Explorer: 7 years in Space Open

A. Tykhonov, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a pioneering calorimetric experiment that has been successfully operating in space since December 2015, designed to detect cosmic rays up to unprecedentedly high energies thanks to the fine-grai…

Opening new windows for SiPMs in space experiments with the BETA ASIC Open

Marina Orta, D. Guberman, Roger Catala, A. Comerma-Montells, A. Espinya , et al. · 2023

Compactness, robustness and low-voltage operation are some of the characteristics that make silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) attractive for space applications. Signals recorded by SiPMs on board satellites must be processed and digitized m…

Penetrating particle ANalyzer (PAN) Open

D. Sukhonos, G. Ambrosi, P. Azzarello, M. Barbanera, B. Bergmann , et al. · 2023

The Penetrating particle Analyzer (PAN) is a compact magnetic spectrometer with relatively low power budget allowing it to be used in deep space and interplanetary missions for cosmic rays, solar physics and space weather studies. It can p…

Measurements of the boron-to-carbon and boron-to-oxygen flux ratios in cosmic rays with DAMPE Open

Chuan Yue, Zhan Fang Chen, Dimitrios Kyratzis, A. Parenti, Yi Feng Wei , et al. · 2023

Boron nuclei in cosmic rays (CRs) are believed to be mainly produced by the fragmentation of heavier nuclei, such as carbon and oxygen, via collisions with the interstellar matter. Therefore, the boron-to-carbon flux ratio (B/C) and the bo…

A PCA-based Method for Electron-Proton Discrimination of the DAMPE Experiment Open

Maxwell Cui, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

Galactic cosmic rays are mostly made up of energetic nuclei, with less than 1% of electrons (and positrons). Precise measurement of the electron and positron component requires a very efficient method to reject the nuclei background, mainl…

Analysis of cosmic lithium, beryllium and boron with the DAMPE space mission Open

A. Parenti, Zhan Fang Chen, I. De Mitri, M. Stolpovskiy, Li Bo Wu , et al. · 2023

DAMPE (DArk Matter Particle Explorer) is a space-based particle detector that has been continuously taking data since its successful launch in December 2015. Its primary scientific goals include the indirect search of dark matter, the stud…

Latest results on searching for fractionally charged particles with the DAMPE experiment Open

Chengming Liu, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The existence of fractionally charged particles (FCP) is foreseen in extensions of or beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Most of the previously conducted searches for FCPs in cosmic rays were based on experiments underground or…

Recent progresses on the gamma-ray observations of DAMPE Open

Zhao-Qiang Shen, Kai-Kai Duan, Z. R. Xu, Wei Jiang, Xiang Li , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-borne high-energy particle detector launched on 17 December 2015. It can observe the $\gamma$-ray sky from $\sim 2$ GeV to 10 TeV with the acceptance at most $1800~\rm cm^2\,sr$. With ov…

Point-like Source Catalog Observed by DAMPE Open

Kai-Kai Duan, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a high-energy cosmic ray and gamma-ray detector located in space. Over a period of seven years since its launch on December 17, 2015, DAMPE has surveyed the entire sky and collected an extensive…

Convolutional Neural Network Measurement of Non-Fiducial Electrons Cosmic-Rays Using the DAMPE Experiment. Open

Enzo Putti-Garcia, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a space-based Cosmic Ray (CR) observatory with the aim, among others, to study Cosmic Ray Electrons (CREs) up to 10 TeV. Due to the low CRE rate at multi-TeV range, we aim at increasing the acce…

A study of Forbush Decreases effects with DAMPE experiment Open

Wenhao Li, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

Forbush Decrease (FD) is a rapid decrease and slow recover in the observed galactic cosmic ray intensity, caused by active solar events sweeping low energy galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) away from Earth. Differnet properties of FDs have been …

Study of hadronic cross-sections with cosmic ray Carbon from GeV to TeV by the DAMPE experiment Open

E. H. Xu, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne particle detector launched on December 17th, 2015, with different scientific objectives, looking for signatures of Dark Matter decay or annihilation, performing gamma-ray astro…

The response linearity of energy measurement up to TeV in the DAMPE experiment Open

Cong Zhao, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) space mission is designed to measure cosmic rays and gamma rays. The key sub-detector of DAMPE is the Bismuth Germanium Oxide (BGO) Electromagnetic CALorimeter (ECAL), which measures the energies o…

Carbon Flux with DAMPE Using Machine Learning Methods Open

M. Stolpovskiy, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

DAMPE space-borne cosmic ray experiment has been collecting data since December 2015. Many high-impact results on the ion, electron and photon fluxes were obtained. This submission presents the carbon flux analysis with DAMPE using machine…

Measurement of Heavy Nulei beyond Iron in Cosmic Rays with the DAMPE Experiment Open

Haoran Sun, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a calorimetric-type, satellite-borne detector. One important scientific object of DAMPE is to measure the flux of cosmic ray nuclei, which is fundamental for understanding the cosmic ray origin and …

Cosmic Ray Carbon and Oxygen Flux Measurements with the DAMPE Experiment Open

Yifeng Wei, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE), a space-based high-energy particle detector, has been operated in orbit for more than seven years. Thanks to its large geometric factor, good charge resolution and wide dynamic range in energy mea…

Direct measurement of Ne-Mg-Si nuclei in cosmic rays with DAMPE Open

Elisabetta Casilli, Francesca Alemanno, Qi An, P. Azzarello, Felicia Barbato , et al. · 2023

A precise measurement of the cosmic-ray spectra provides important information on their origin, acceleration and propagation processes in the Galaxy. The Dark Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-based cosmic-ray experiment that…

Measurement of the p+He energy spectrum with the DAMPE space mission Open

Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello, Felicia Barbato , et al. · 2023

It is currently well established that proton and helium constitute the main component of cosmic radiation in the energy range from tens of GeV to hundreds of TeV. Their direct detection and separation have been carried out in the past year…

Analysis of Individual Cosmic-Ray Proton and Helium Fluxes towards PeV Energies with DAMPE Open

Arshia Ruina, Paul Coppin, Andrii Kotenko, Peng-Xiong Ma, Mikhail Stolpovskiy , et al. · 2023

The DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) is a satellite-borne experiment, in operation since 2015, aimed at studying cosmic rays and high-energy gamma rays. Proton and helium are the first- and second-most abundant components in cosmic ra…

Probing hadronic cross sections in the TeV - PeV regime with DAMPE through machine learning techniques Open

Paul Coppin, Francesca Alemanno, Corrado Altomare, Qi An, P. Azzarello , et al. · 2023

Thanks to its large calorimeter, the DArk Matter Particle Explorer (DAMPE) satellite experiment is ideally suited for the direct detection of cosmic rays (CRs) up to the knee. At these TeV to PeV energies, the main uncertainty on the CR fl…

Relativistic Particle Measurements in Jupiter’s Magnetosphere with Pix.PAN Open

J. Hulsman, X. Wu, P. Azzarello, B. Bergmann, M. Campbell , et al. · 2023

Pix.PAN is a compact cylindrical magnetic spectrometer, intended to provide excellent high energy particle measurements under high rate and hostile operating conditions in space. Its principal design is composed of 2 Halbach-array magnetic…

High statistics measurement of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays of 0.5-500 GeV with the alpha magnetic spectrometer on the international space station Open

L. Accardo, M. Aguilar, D. Aisa, B. Alpat, A. Alvino , et al. · 2023

A precision measurement by AMS of the positron fraction in primary cosmic rays in the energy range from 0.5 to 500 GeV based on 10.9 million positron and electron events is presented. This measurement extends the energy range of our previo…

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