P. D. Archer
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View article: VIPER’s Mass Spectrometer Observing Lunar Operations (MSolo)
VIPER’s Mass Spectrometer Observing Lunar Operations (MSolo) Open
The Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER) is a lunar volatiles detection and measurement mission that will land on Mons Mouton near Nobile crater, close to the Moon’s south pole. One of the analytical instruments embedded…
View article: Oxygen isotopic evidence that Gale crater, Mars, was home to an Early Hesperian water reservoir that underwent significant evaporation
Oxygen isotopic evidence that Gale crater, Mars, was home to an Early Hesperian water reservoir that underwent significant evaporation Open
Simultaneous measurements of HDO, H 2 18 O, and H 2 16 O in water evolved during pyrolysis of powdered rock samples acquired by the Curiosity rover within Gale crater’s clay-bearing units indicate extreme and variable heavy-isotope enrichm…
View article: Long-chain alkanes preserved in a Martian mudstone
Long-chain alkanes preserved in a Martian mudstone Open
Organic molecules preserved in ancient Martian rocks provide a critical record of the past habitability of Mars and could be chemical biosignatures. Experiments conducted by the Sample Analysis at Mars instrument onboard the Curiosity rove…
View article: Environmental Changes Recorded in Sedimentary Rocks in the Clay‐Sulfate Transition Region in Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Sample Analysis at Mars‐Evolved Gas Analysis Instrument Onboard the Mars Science Laboratory <i>Curiosity</i> Rover
Environmental Changes Recorded in Sedimentary Rocks in the Clay‐Sulfate Transition Region in Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Sample Analysis at Mars‐Evolved Gas Analysis Instrument Onboard the Mars Science Laboratory <i>Curiosity</i> Rover Open
The Curiosity rover explored the region between the orbitally defined phyllosilicate‐bearing Glen Torridon trough and the overlying layered sulfate‐bearing unit, called the “clay‐sulfate transition region.” Samples were drilled from the to…
View article: Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfur Dioxide Gas Evolutions from the Reaction between Mg Sulfate and NaCl: Implications for the Sample Analysis at the Mars Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars
Hydrogen Chloride and Sulfur Dioxide Gas Evolutions from the Reaction between Mg Sulfate and NaCl: Implications for the Sample Analysis at the Mars Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars Open
The Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analyzer (SAM-EGA) on the Curiosity rover detected hydrogen chloride (HCl) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas evolutions above 600 °C and 700 °C, respectively, from several drilled rock and soil samples co…
View article: Salvage Stereotactic Reirradiation for Local Recurrence in the Prostatic Bed After Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Multicenter Study
Salvage Stereotactic Reirradiation for Local Recurrence in the Prostatic Bed After Prostatectomy: A Retrospective Multicenter Study Open
View article: Organic carbon concentrations in 3.5-billion-year-old lacustrine mudstones of Mars
Organic carbon concentrations in 3.5-billion-year-old lacustrine mudstones of Mars Open
The Sample Analysis at Mars instrument stepped combustion experiment on a Yellowknife Bay mudstone at Gale crater, Mars revealed the presence of organic carbon of Martian and meteoritic origins. The combustion experiment was designed to ac…
View article: Evolved Gas Analyses of Sedimentary Rocks From the Glen Torridon Clay‐Bearing Unit, Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Mars Science Laboratory Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite
Evolved Gas Analyses of Sedimentary Rocks From the Glen Torridon Clay‐Bearing Unit, Gale Crater, Mars: Results From the Mars Science Laboratory Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite Open
Evolved gas analysis (EGA) data from the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument suite indicated Fe‐rich smectite, carbonate, oxidized organics, Fe/Mg sulfate, and chloride in sedimentary rocks from the Glen Torridon (GT) region of Gale c…
View article: Detection of organic carbon in Mars-analog paleosols with thermal and evolved gas analysis
Detection of organic carbon in Mars-analog paleosols with thermal and evolved gas analysis Open
Ancient, buried soils, or paleosols, may have been preserved in the geological record on Mars, and are considered high-priority targets for biosignature investigation. Studies of paleosols on Earth that are similar in composition to putati…
View article: A Review of Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis Laboratory Analog Work Supporting the Presence of Perchlorates and Chlorates in Gale Crater, Mars
A Review of Sample Analysis at Mars-Evolved Gas Analysis Laboratory Analog Work Supporting the Presence of Perchlorates and Chlorates in Gale Crater, Mars Open
The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument on the Curiosity rover has detected evidence of oxychlorine compounds (i.e., perchlorates and chlorates) in Gale crater, which has implications for past habitability, diagenesis, aqueous process…
View article: Pyrolysis of Oxalate, Acetate, and Perchlorate Mixtures and the Implications for Organic Salts on Mars
Pyrolysis of Oxalate, Acetate, and Perchlorate Mixtures and the Implications for Organic Salts on Mars Open
Organic salts, such as Fe, Ca, and Mg oxalates and acetates, may be widespread radiolysis and oxidation products of organic matter in Martian surface sediments. Such organic salts are challenging to identify by evolved gas analysis but the…
View article: Search of Phosphine in the Evolved Gases from Hypophosphite/Phosphite Minerals in Lacustrine Sedimentary Rocks at Gale Crater by the Sample Analysis at Mars
Search of Phosphine in the Evolved Gases from Hypophosphite/Phosphite Minerals in Lacustrine Sedimentary Rocks at Gale Crater by the Sample Analysis at Mars Open
International audience
View article: Abiotic Input of Fixed Nitrogen by Bolide Impacts in CH4+CO2+N2 and H2+CH4+CO2+N2 Atmospheres. Comparison with Nitrate Levels Measured by the Curiosity Rover's Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument
Abiotic Input of Fixed Nitrogen by Bolide Impacts in CH4+CO2+N2 and H2+CH4+CO2+N2 Atmospheres. Comparison with Nitrate Levels Measured by the Curiosity Rover's Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Open
International audience
View article: Investigation of the Glen Torridon Clay-Bearing Unit and Overlying Greenheugh Pediment by the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite
Investigation of the Glen Torridon Clay-Bearing Unit and Overlying Greenheugh Pediment by the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument Suite Open
International audience
View article: JSC-Rocknest: A large-scale Mojave Mars Simulant (MMS) based soil simulant for in-situ resource utilization water-extraction studies
JSC-Rocknest: A large-scale Mojave Mars Simulant (MMS) based soil simulant for in-situ resource utilization water-extraction studies Open
The Johnson Space Center-Rocknest (JSC-RN) simulant was developed in response to a need by NASA's Advanced Exploration Systems (AES) In-Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) project for a simulant to be used in component and system testing for …
View article: Constraints on the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars, From Mars Science Laboratory Sample Analysis at Mars Evolved Gas Analyses
Constraints on the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Vera Rubin Ridge, Gale Crater, Mars, From Mars Science Laboratory Sample Analysis at Mars Evolved Gas Analyses Open
Vera Rubin ridge (VRR) is a topographic high within the layers of Mount Sharp, Gale crater, that exhibits a strong hematite spectral signature from orbit. The Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover carried out a comprehensive investigatio…
View article: Changes in Soil Cohesion Due to Water Vapor Exchange: A Proposed Dry‐Flow Trigger Mechanism for Recurring Slope Lineae on Mars
Changes in Soil Cohesion Due to Water Vapor Exchange: A Proposed Dry‐Flow Trigger Mechanism for Recurring Slope Lineae on Mars Open
Recurring slope lineae (RSL) are seasonal flows on steep slopes on Mars. Their formation mechanism is unknown, but dry granular flows are a likely explanation. Any proposed trigger for these flows must be consistent with the observed tempe…
View article: Reevaluation of Perchlorate in Gale Crater Rocks Suggests Geologically Recent Perchlorate Addition
Reevaluation of Perchlorate in Gale Crater Rocks Suggests Geologically Recent Perchlorate Addition Open
Perchlorate (ClO 4 − ) was discovered in Martian soil by the Phoenix lander, with important implications for potential Martian biology, photochemistry, aqueous chemistry, and the chlorine cycle on Mars. Perchlorate was subsequently reporte…
View article: Indigenous and exogenous organics and surface–atmosphere cycling inferred from carbon and oxygen isotopes at Gale crater
Indigenous and exogenous organics and surface–atmosphere cycling inferred from carbon and oxygen isotopes at Gale crater Open
View article: High‐Temperature HCl Evolutions From Mixtures of Perchlorates and Chlorides With Water‐Bearing Phases: Implications for the SAM Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars
High‐Temperature HCl Evolutions From Mixtures of Perchlorates and Chlorides With Water‐Bearing Phases: Implications for the SAM Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars Open
Evolved hydrogen chloride (HCl) detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument's evolved gas analysis (EGA) mode on board the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover has been attributed to oxychlorines (i.e., perchlorates and chl…
View article: Detection of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons on Mars with the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument
Detection of Long-Chain Hydrocarbons on Mars with the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument Open
View article: The Characterization and Development of a Mineralogical Analog of the MSL Cumberland Drill Sample for Organic Molecule Identification in SAM-Like Experiments
The Characterization and Development of a Mineralogical Analog of the MSL Cumberland Drill Sample for Organic Molecule Identification in SAM-Like Experiments Open
International audience
View article: Abiotic Input of Fixed Nitrogen by Bolide Impacts to Gale Crater During the Hesperian: Insights From the Mars Science Laboratory
Abiotic Input of Fixed Nitrogen by Bolide Impacts to Gale Crater During the Hesperian: Insights From the Mars Science Laboratory Open
Molecular hydrogen (H 2 ) from volcanic emissions is suggested to warm the Martian surface when carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels dropped from the Noachian (4100 to 3700 Myr) to the Hesperian (3700 to 3000 Myr). Its presence is expected to shi…
View article: Chlorate/Fe‐Bearing Phase Mixtures as a Possible Source of Oxygen and Chlorine Detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars
Chlorate/Fe‐Bearing Phase Mixtures as a Possible Source of Oxygen and Chlorine Detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars Instrument in Gale Crater, Mars Open
Oxygen and HCl gas releases detected by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument on board the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover in several Gale Crater samples have been attributed to the thermal decomposition of perchlorates and/…
View article: Major Volatiles Evolved From Eolian Materials in Gale Crater
Major Volatiles Evolved From Eolian Materials in Gale Crater Open
The Sample Analysis at Mars on the Curiosity rover analyzed the major volatile content of four eolian samples at three locations in Gale crater. The Rocknest sample was taken from an inactive sand shadow with a significant component of dus…
View article: Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars
Organic matter preserved in 3-billion-year-old mudstones at Gale crater, Mars Open
Measuring martian organics and methane The Curiosity rover has been sampling on Mars for the past 5 years (see the Perspective by ten Kate). Eigenbrode et al. used two instruments in the SAM (Sample Analysis at Mars) suite to catch traces …
View article: Detection of Nitrites by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument. Implications for the Oxidation State of the Atmosphere
Detection of Nitrites by the Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) Instrument. Implications for the Oxidation State of the Atmosphere Open
International audience
View article: Disintegration of lunar samples over time: A test
Disintegration of lunar samples over time: A test Open
Lunar samples provide ground‐truth for all planetary exploration. Lunar soils, especially their <1 mm fraction, constitute the only primary standards for remotely sensing the composition of small airless planetary bodies. Therefore, mainta…
View article: Effects of Martian Surface Materials on the Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide
Effects of Martian Surface Materials on the Thermal Decomposition of Hydrogen Peroxide Open
While hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been detected in the martian atmosphere, it has not been detected in surface materials. Since the Viking lander mission, we have sent instruments to Mars with the capability to detect H2O2. The Sample Ana…
View article: Evolved gas analyses of sedimentary rocks and eolian sediment in Gale Crater, Mars: Results of the Curiosity rover's sample analysis at Mars instrument from Yellowknife Bay to the Namib Dune
Evolved gas analyses of sedimentary rocks and eolian sediment in Gale Crater, Mars: Results of the Curiosity rover's sample analysis at Mars instrument from Yellowknife Bay to the Namib Dune Open
The sample analysis at Mars instrument evolved gas analyzer (SAM‐EGA) has detected evolved water, H 2 , SO 2 , H 2 S, NO, CO 2 , CO, O 2 , and HCl from two eolian sediments and nine sedimentary rocks from Gale Crater, Mars. These evolved g…