Paul Pauli
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View article: Sustainability of treatment success five years after exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders
Sustainability of treatment success five years after exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders Open
Introduction: Achieving sustainable success in the treatment of anxiety disorders remains a central objective in mental health care. Although research has demonstrated the short-term efficacy of psychotherapy, evidence regarding long-term …
View article: Neural Substrates of Approach–Avoidance Control in Motivational Conflict
Neural Substrates of Approach–Avoidance Control in Motivational Conflict Open
Adaptive behavior requires control over automatic tendencies to approach reward and avoid threat. Dysregulation of this control characterizes disorders such as anxiety or addiction, yet the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here…
View article: Clinical and Surgical Outcome After Oncovascular Surgery of Soft Tissue and Osteogenic Sarcomas of the Limbs
Clinical and Surgical Outcome After Oncovascular Surgery of Soft Tissue and Osteogenic Sarcomas of the Limbs Open
Background Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and osteogenic sarcomas (OGS) of the limbs are rare diseases. Nowadays, most patients with STS or OGS undergo tumor resection and subsequent vascular reconstruction for potential limb preservation. Aim…
View article: Joy beyond fear: Positive emotions after exposure in patients with anxiety disorders and their link to threat expectancy and treatment outcome
Joy beyond fear: Positive emotions after exposure in patients with anxiety disorders and their link to threat expectancy and treatment outcome Open
Exposure-based CBT is effective in treating anxiety disorders, but individual responses vary substantially, underlining the need to identify and boost mechanisms underlying exposure. In this study, the role of positive emotions occurring a…
View article: Same same but different: Threat expectancy change and fear reduction as readouts of exposure rationales are only weakly associated and contribute differentially to treatment outcome in anxiety disorders
Same same but different: Threat expectancy change and fear reduction as readouts of exposure rationales are only weakly associated and contribute differentially to treatment outcome in anxiety disorders Open
Responses to exposure therapy vary across individuals, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of its underlying mechanisms. This study examined two key processes during exposure that serve as readouts of different clinical rationa…
View article: Psychometric Considerations in Assessing Fear Generalization as a Predictor of Anxiety
Psychometric Considerations in Assessing Fear Generalization as a Predictor of Anxiety Open
View article: Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach‐Avoidance Conflict Decisions
Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach‐Avoidance Conflict Decisions Open
Adequate control over automatic responses to affective stimuli is crucial for adaptive goal‐oriented behavior. However, it remains unclear how individuals overcome automatic approach‐avoidance tendencies to appetitive and aversive stimuli.…
View article: Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions
Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions Open
Adequate control over automatic responses to affective stimuli is crucial for adaptive goal-oriented behavior. However, it remains unclear how individuals overcome automatic approach-avoidance tendencies to appetitive and aversive stimuli.…
View article: Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions
Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions Open
Adequate control over automatic responses to affective stimuli is crucial for adaptive goal-oriented behavior. However, it remains unclear how individuals overcome automatic approach-avoidance tendencies to appetitive and aversive stimuli.…
View article: Epigenetic markers of disease risk and psychotherapy response in anxiety disorders – a longitudinal analysis of the DNA methylome
Epigenetic markers of disease risk and psychotherapy response in anxiety disorders – a longitudinal analysis of the DNA methylome Open
Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation are hypothesized to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of anxiety disorders and to predict as well as relate to treatment response. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) (Illumina Met…
View article: Thalamic Nuclei Volumes Across Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: A Multi-Site Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Thalamic Nuclei Volumes Across Psychiatric and Neurological Disorders: A Multi-Site Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study Open
The human thalamus is an integrative hub for multiple cortical and subcortical circuits involved in both sensory processing and higher cognitive functions. Group-level thalamic volume differences have been reported for multiple psychiatric…
View article: The Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27): reliability of the German translation, factor structure, and concurrent validity with anxiety sensitivity and agoraphobic cognition
The Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA-27): reliability of the German translation, factor structure, and concurrent validity with anxiety sensitivity and agoraphobic cognition Open
Background Separation anxiety disorder (SEPAD) is characterized by pronounced fear or anxiety concerning separation from attachment figures. Despite its high lifetime prevalence, adult SEPAD often remains undetected due to a lack of diagno…
View article: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults
Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults Open
Childhood adversity is a strong predictor of developing psychopathological conditions. Multiple theories on the mechanisms underlying this association have been suggested which, however, differ in the operationalization of ‘exposure.’ Alte…
View article: Author response: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults
Author response: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults Open
View article: Advancing the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI): a Systematic Review and Application in Two Large Multi-Site Samples in Anxiety Disorders – ERRATUM
Advancing the Personalized Advantage Index (PAI): a Systematic Review and Application in Two Large Multi-Site Samples in Anxiety Disorders – ERRATUM Open
View article: Advancing the personalized advantage index (PAI): a systematic review and application in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders
Advancing the personalized advantage index (PAI): a systematic review and application in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders Open
Background The Personalized Advantage Index (PAI) shows promise as a method for identifying the most effective treatment for individual patients. Previous studies have demonstrated its utility in retrospective evaluations across various se…
View article: Animal protein intake is associated with frailty but not with cognition: an ELSI‐Brazil preliminary study of food consumption
Animal protein intake is associated with frailty but not with cognition: an ELSI‐Brazil preliminary study of food consumption Open
Background Diet is considered a complex modifiable risk factor for dementia and frailty. Some dietary patterns such as the MIND diet have been associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline and dementia. Studies have shown mixed resul…
View article: Influence of Information and Instructions on Human Behavior in Tunnel Accidents: A Virtual Reality Study
Influence of Information and Instructions on Human Behavior in Tunnel Accidents: A Virtual Reality Study Open
Human behavior is a major factor modulating the consequences of road tunnel accidents. We investigated the effect of information and instruction on drivers' behavior as well as the usability of virtual environments to simulate such emergen…
View article: Intermittent theta burst stimulation over the left prefrontal cortex: no additional effect for virtual reality exposure therapy in acrophobia—a randomized trial
Intermittent theta burst stimulation over the left prefrontal cortex: no additional effect for virtual reality exposure therapy in acrophobia—a randomized trial Open
View article: Author response: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults
Author response: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults Open
View article: Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults
Reduced discrimination between signals of danger and safety but not overgeneralization is linked to exposure to childhood adversity in healthy adults Open
Childhood adversity is a strong predictor for developing psychopathological conditions. Exposure to threat-related childhood adversity has been suggested to be specifically linked to altered emotional learning as well as changes in neural …
View article: Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has no additional effect on the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for acrophobia. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study
Intermittent theta burst stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex has no additional effect on the efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for acrophobia. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study Open
Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental disorders. Treatment guidelines recommend pharmacotherapy and cognitive behavioral therapy as standard treatment. Although cognitive behavioral therapy is an effective therapeutic approach…
View article: Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions
Overcoming Automatic Behavioral Tendencies in Approach-Avoidance Conflict Decisions Open
Adequate control over automatic responses to affective stimuli is crucial for adaptive goal-oriented behavior. However, it remains unclear how individuals overcome automatic approach-avoidance tendencies to appetitive and aversive stimuli.…
View article: Elemental and configural representation of a conditioned context
Elemental and configural representation of a conditioned context Open
A context can be conceptualized as a stable arrangement of elements or as the sum of single elements. Both configural and elemental representations play a role in associative processes. This study aimed to explore the respective contributi…
View article: Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group
Cortical and Subcortical Brain Alterations in Specific Phobia and Its Animal and Blood-Injection-Injury Subtypes: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA Anxiety Working Group Open
Brain alterations associated with specific phobia exceeded those of other anxiety disorders in comparable analyses in extent and effect size and were not limited to reductions in brain structure. Moreover, phenomenological differences betw…
View article: Lack of evidence for predictive utility from resting state fMRI data for individual exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes: A machine learning study in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders
Lack of evidence for predictive utility from resting state fMRI data for individual exposure-based cognitive behavioral therapy outcomes: A machine learning study in two large multi-site samples in anxiety disorders Open
View article: Genome-wide association study of panic disorder reveals genetic overlap with neuroticism and depression
Genome-wide association study of panic disorder reveals genetic overlap with neuroticism and depression Open
View article: How to Measure Fear Generalization? Reliability and Validity of Commonly Used Indices
How to Measure Fear Generalization? Reliability and Validity of Commonly Used Indices Open
The ability to adaptively transfer acquired fear to novel situations is fundamental for survival in ever-changing environments and may contribute to the emergence and persistence of anxiety disorders. Consequently, research has focused on …
View article: Trauma history and course of therapy in a naturalistic cognitive behavior therapy outpatient sample: An archive data study
Trauma history and course of therapy in a naturalistic cognitive behavior therapy outpatient sample: An archive data study Open
Objective Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for anxiety and depression disorders. Nonetheless, nearly 50% of all patients do not respond. Besides other factors, nonresponse may be linked to traumatic life events. T…
View article: The ventromedial prefrontal cortex in response to threat omission is associated with subsequent explicit safety memory
The ventromedial prefrontal cortex in response to threat omission is associated with subsequent explicit safety memory Open