Patrick C. Tobin
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View article: Patterns and drivers of biotic disturbance hotspots in western United States coniferous forests
Patterns and drivers of biotic disturbance hotspots in western United States coniferous forests Open
Globally, forest disturbances caused by herbivorous insects and plant pathogens (i.e. biotic disturbances) have increased since the 1990s, a trend linked in part to climate warming. With increases in biotic disturbance activity, an emergin…
View article: Citizen science data reveals winter warming delays cherry bloom in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Citizen science data reveals winter warming delays cherry bloom in the Pacific Northwest, USA Open
Societal Impact Statement Climate change is altering ecological systems, including the phenology of flowering plants. Shifts in the bloom date of cherry trees are a global concern considering their cultural, agricultural, and horticultural…
View article: First records of eight native bee species (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) in Washington, USA
First records of eight native bee species (Hymenoptera, Anthophila) in Washington, USA Open
Pollinators are an essential component of ecosystem function, and declining bee populations are a global conservation concern. Despite this importance, there is a lack of understanding regarding the distribution of native bee species acros…
View article: Spatial distribution, sampling efficiency and Taylor's power law: 3. Density‐dependent efficiency in emerald ash borer sampling schemes
Spatial distribution, sampling efficiency and Taylor's power law: 3. Density‐dependent efficiency in emerald ash borer sampling schemes Open
Data of emerald ash borer caught in six trapping systems at 16 site‐years were compared to assess their relative sampling efficiency. One sample scheme was chosen against which the other five were compared, and their relative efficiencies …
View article: Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought
Tree diversity reduces variability in sapling survival under drought Open
Enhancing tree diversity may be important to fostering resilience to drought‐related climate extremes. So far, little attention has been given to whether tree diversity can increase the survival of trees and reduce its variability in young…
View article: Spatial Dynamics of Forest Insects
Spatial Dynamics of Forest Insects Open
The study of the spatial dynamics of forest insects has a long history, and many forest insect species have served as model systems for studying conceptual processes of population biology and ecology. Because forest insect population data …
View article: Quantifying nitrogen-fixation in Acer macrophyllum canopy bryophytes in the Pacific Northwest, USA
Quantifying nitrogen-fixation in Acer macrophyllum canopy bryophytes in the Pacific Northwest, USA Open
Purpose : Old-growth forests in the Pacific Northwest host a variety of epiphytes on their branches and stem. Given the common and often large epiphytic biomass associated with Acer macrophyllum (Pursh ) in this region, we evaluated how se…
View article: More Than Just Plants: Botanical Gardens Are an Untapped Source of Fungal Diversity
More Than Just Plants: Botanical Gardens Are an Untapped Source of Fungal Diversity Open
Botanical gardens have extensive spatial databases of their plant specimens; however, the fungi occurring in them are generally unstudied. Botanical gardens, with their great plant diversity, undoubtedly harbor a wide range of symbiotic fu…
View article: Susceptibility of Rhododendron to Azalea Lace Bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott)1
Susceptibility of Rhododendron to Azalea Lace Bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott)1 Open
The invasive azalea lace bug, Stephanitis pyrioides (Scott), is one of the most damaging insect pests of the genus Rhododendron , especially azaleas. Feeding by nymphs and adults reduces the aesthetic value of infested plants. Rhododendron…
View article: Comparison of Pollen Grain Treatments Without Mechanical Fracturation Prior to Protein Quantification
Comparison of Pollen Grain Treatments Without Mechanical Fracturation Prior to Protein Quantification Open
Protein and amino acids in pollen are important nutritional components for larval development in several insect species, especially in Apoidea. The Bradford assay is a widely used method to measure relative protein content of pollen, which…
View article: Evolution of Disease Severity and Susceptibility in the Asteraceae to the Powdery Mildew <i>Golovinomyces latisporus</i>: Major Phylogenetic Structure Coupled With Highly Variable Disease Severity at Fine Scales
Evolution of Disease Severity and Susceptibility in the Asteraceae to the Powdery Mildew <i>Golovinomyces latisporus</i>: Major Phylogenetic Structure Coupled With Highly Variable Disease Severity at Fine Scales Open
Pathogen host range and pathogen severity are dependent on interactions with their hosts and are hypothesized to have evolved as products of a coevolutionary arms race. An understanding of the factors that affect host range and pathogen se…
View article: Sequencing Herbarium Specimens of a Common Detrimental Plant Disease (Powdery Mildew)
Sequencing Herbarium Specimens of a Common Detrimental Plant Disease (Powdery Mildew) Open
Powdery mildew (Erysiphaceae) is a detrimental plant disease that occurs on a variety of economically important crops. Powdery mildew consists of over 873 species of fungal pathogens that affect over 10,000 plant species. Genetic identific…
View article: The impact is in the details: evaluating a standardized protocol and scale for determining non-native insect impact
The impact is in the details: evaluating a standardized protocol and scale for determining non-native insect impact Open
Assessing the ecological and economic impacts of non-native species is crucial to providing managers and policymakers with the information necessary to respond effectively. Most non-native species have minimal impacts on the environment in…
View article: Phenology of Douglas-Fir Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Its Role in Douglas-Fir Mortality in Western Washington
Phenology of Douglas-Fir Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and Its Role in Douglas-Fir Mortality in Western Washington Open
Douglas-fir dominated forests are an integral part of the Pacific Northwest. In the Cedar River Municipal Watershed, Washington, these forests provide erosion control and ecosystem buffering for the Cedar River system that supplies high-qu…
View article: Evolutionary history predicts high‐impact invasions by herbivorous insects
Evolutionary history predicts high‐impact invasions by herbivorous insects Open
A long‐standing goal of invasion biology is to identify factors driving highly variable impacts of non‐native species. Although hypotheses exist that emphasize the role of evolutionary history (e.g., enemy release hypothesis & defense‐free…
View article: Ground application of mating disruption against the gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)
Ground application of mating disruption against the gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) Open
The gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae), is a non‐native defoliating insect that continues to expand its range in North America and undergo periodic outbreaks. In management efforts to suppress outbreaks, slow its spr…
View article: Range expansion of<i>Lymantria dispar dispar</i>(L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) along its north‐western margin in North America despite low predicted climatic suitability
Range expansion of<i>Lymantria dispar dispar</i>(L.) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) along its north‐western margin in North America despite low predicted climatic suitability Open
Aim The European gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar dispar (L.), (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) is an invasive defoliator that has been expanding its range in North America following its introduction in 1869. Here, we investigate recent range expansion…
View article: Managing invasive species
Managing invasive species Open
Invasive species pose considerable harm to native ecosystems and biodiversity and frustrate and at times fascinate the invasive species management and scientific communities. Of the numerous non-native species established around the world,…
View article: Faculty Opinions recommendation of Global threat to agriculture from invasive species.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Global threat to agriculture from invasive species. Open
Invasive species present significant threats to global agriculture, although how the magnitude and distribution of the threats vary between countries and regions remains unclear. Here, we present an analysis of almost 1,300 known invasive …
View article: Faculty Opinions recommendation of Alien species as a driver of recent extinctions.
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Alien species as a driver of recent extinctions. Open
We assessed the prevalence of alien species as a driver of recent extinctions in five major taxa (plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals), using data from the IUCN Red List. Our results show that alien species are the second most …
View article: Relationship between efficacy of mating disruption and gypsy moth density
Relationship between efficacy of mating disruption and gypsy moth density Open
Mating disruption tactics involve the deployment of pheromones to interfere with mate finding behaviors in insect populations. This management strategy is the dominant one used against expanding gypsy moth populations in the United States,…
View article: Symbionts mediate oviposition behaviour in invasive and native woodwasps
Symbionts mediate oviposition behaviour in invasive and native woodwasps Open
Globalization leads to the introduction of invasive species that are often accompanied by associated microorganisms, and this can lead to homogenization of both introduced hosts and microbes with the native biota. One such example is the i…
View article: Variation in growth and developmental responses to supraoptimal temperatures near latitudinal range limits of gypsy moth <i>Lymantria dispar</i> (L.), an expanding invasive species
Variation in growth and developmental responses to supraoptimal temperatures near latitudinal range limits of gypsy moth <i>Lymantria dispar</i> (L.), an expanding invasive species Open
Variation in thermal performance within and between populations provides the potential for adaptive responses to increasing temperatures associated with climate change. Organisms experiencing temperatures above their optimum on a thermal p…
View article: Forensic Analysis of Virtual Hard Drives
Forensic Analysis of Virtual Hard Drives Open
The issue of the volatility of virtual machines is perhaps the most pressing concern in any digital investigation involving a virtual machine. Current digital forensics tools do not fully address the complexities of data recovery that are …
View article: A lightweight software write-blocker for virtual machine forensics
A lightweight software write-blocker for virtual machine forensics Open
The Sixth International Conference on Innovative Computing Technology (INTECH 2016), Irish Computer Society, Dublin, Ireland, 24-26 August 2016
View article: Teaching Undergraduate Mathematics using CAS Technology: Issues and Prospects
Teaching Undergraduate Mathematics using CAS Technology: Issues and Prospects Open
The use of handheld CAS technology in undergraduate mathematics courses in Australia is paradoxically shrinking under sustained disapproval or disdain from the professional mathematics community. Mathematics education specialists argue wit…