Patrick Freund
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View article: The Role of Electrophysiological Workup in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis (LSCS)
The Role of Electrophysiological Workup in Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis (LSCS) Open
Study Design. Systematic literature review. Objective. Update on diagnostic utility of electrophysiology in lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). Summary of Background. LSCS is a highly prevalent degenerative spine condition characterized b…
View article: Enhanced clinical trial stratification in spinal cord injury: the value of electrophysiology
Enhanced clinical trial stratification in spinal cord injury: the value of electrophysiology Open
There are no approved interventional therapies, aside from neurorehabilitation, that enhance neurological recovery after acute traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). A key challenge is the lack of biomarkers surpassing clinical standards for …
View article: TMS-Based Neurofeedback Training of Mental Finger Individuation Induces Neuroplastic Changes in the Sensorimotor System
TMS-Based Neurofeedback Training of Mental Finger Individuation Induces Neuroplastic Changes in the Sensorimotor System Open
Neurofeedback (NF) training based on motor imagery is increasingly used in neurorehabilitation with the aim to improve motor functions. However, the neuroplastic changes underpinning these improvements are poorly understood. Here, we used …
View article: Metabolic and Structural Alterations in the Motor System Following Spinal Cord Injury: An In‐Vivo <scp> <sup>1</sup> H </scp> ‐ <scp>MR</scp> Spectroscopy Investigation
Metabolic and Structural Alterations in the Motor System Following Spinal Cord Injury: An In‐Vivo <span> <sup>1</sup> H </span> ‐ <span>MR</span> Spectroscopy Investigation Open
Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts spinal tracts and neuronal pathways, including those in the primary motor cortex (M1) and the lumbar cord enlargement (LCE) involved in motor control. This study sought to determine whether metabolite conc…
View article: <scp>3D MRI</scp> Tract‐Specific Spinal Cord Lesion Pattern Improves Prediction of Distinct Neurological Recovery
<span>3D MRI</span> Tract‐Specific Spinal Cord Lesion Pattern Improves Prediction of Distinct Neurological Recovery Open
Objective To distinguish lateralized motor‐ and sensory‐tract damage after acute spinal cord injury (SCI) and explore its predictive power for motor and sensory recovery. Methods Thirty‐five SCI patients (two female) from a multi‐center da…
View article: Multi‐center benchmarking of cervical spinal cord <scp>RF</scp> coils for 7 T <scp>MRI</scp> : A traveling spines study
Multi‐center benchmarking of cervical spinal cord <span>RF</span> coils for 7 T <span>MRI</span> : A traveling spines study Open
Purpose The depth within the body, small diameter, long length, and varying tissue surrounding the spinal cord impose specific considerations when designing RF coils. The optimal coil configuration for 7 T cervical spinal cord MRI is unkno…
View article: Monitoring morphometric drift in lifelong learning segmentation of the spinal cord.
Monitoring morphometric drift in lifelong learning segmentation of the spinal cord. Open
Morphometric measures derived from spinal cord segmentations can serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in neurological diseases and injuries affecting the spinal cord. For instance, the spinal cord cross-sectional area can be used …
View article: Revisiting face-to-hand area remapping in the human primary somatosensory cortex after a cervical spinal cord injury
Revisiting face-to-hand area remapping in the human primary somatosensory cortex after a cervical spinal cord injury Open
Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to profound disruptions in sensorimotor processing. Seminal research in non-human primates suggests that this deprivation of sensory input causes functional remapping within the primary somatosensory cortex (…
View article: Remote neurodegeneration in the lumbosacral cord one month after spinal cord injury: a cross‐sectional <scp>MRI</scp> study
Remote neurodegeneration in the lumbosacral cord one month after spinal cord injury: a cross‐sectional <span>MRI</span> study Open
Objective To characterize structural integrity of the lumbosacral enlargement and conus medullaris within one month after spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods Lumbosacral cord MRI data were acquired in patients with sudden onset (<7 days) SCI…
View article: Multi-center benchmarking of cervical spinal cord RF coils for 7 T MRI: A traveling spines study
Multi-center benchmarking of cervical spinal cord RF coils for 7 T MRI: A traveling spines study Open
Purpose The depth within the body, small diameter, long length, and varying tissue surrounding the spinal cord impose specific considerations when designing radiofrequency coils. The optimal coil configuration for 7 T cervical spinal cord …
View article: EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data
EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data Open
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord is relevant for studying sensation, movement, and autonomic function. Preprocessing of spinal cord fMRI data involves segmentation of the spinal cord on gradient-echo echo pla…
View article: Progressive Remote Axonal Degeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Histological and MRI Study
Progressive Remote Axonal Degeneration Following Spinal Cord Injury: A Histological and MRI Study Open
In acute human spinal cord injury (SCI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals progressive neuroanatomical changes at the lesion site and in remote regions. Here, we aimed to elucidate the structural underpinnings of these neuroanatomic…
View article: Test-retest repeatability of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) measurements in the cervical cord
Test-retest repeatability of intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) measurements in the cervical cord Open
Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) measurements allow to probe tissue microcirculation non-invasively. Spinal cord perfusion has been shown to be altered following different neurological pathologies. A non-invasive imaging protocol to ass…
View article: EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data
EPISeg: Automated segmentation of the spinal cord on echo planar images using open-access multi-center data Open
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of the spinal cord is relevant for studying sensation, movement, and autonomic function. Preprocessing of spinal cord fMRI data involves segmentation of the spinal cord on gradient-echo echo pla…
View article: Distinguishing the activity of adjacent somatosensory nuclei within the brainstem using 3T fMRI
Distinguishing the activity of adjacent somatosensory nuclei within the brainstem using 3T fMRI Open
Experimental evidence in animal models indicates that the brainstem plays a major role in sensory modulation. However, mapping functional activity within the human brainstem presents many methodological challenges. These constraints have d…
View article: Lessons Learned and Recommendations from a SCOPE Spinal Cord Injury Neurorestorative Clinical Trials Update
Lessons Learned and Recommendations from a SCOPE Spinal Cord Injury Neurorestorative Clinical Trials Update Open
The Spinal Cord Outcomes Partnership Endeavors presented a clinical trials update (CTU) in collaboration with the International Spinal Research Trust as a precourse to their annual meeting. Selected trials adhered to a priori consideration…
View article: Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study
Body size and intracranial volume interact with the structure of the central nervous system: A multi-center in vivo neuroimaging study Open
Clinical research emphasizes the implementation of rigorous and reproducible study designs that rely on between-group matching or controlling for sources of biological variation such as subject’s sex and age. However, corrections for body …
View article: Contact heat evoked potentials reveal distinct patterns of spinal cord impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond <scp>MRI</scp> lesions
Contact heat evoked potentials reveal distinct patterns of spinal cord impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond <span>MRI</span> lesions Open
Background Magnetic resonance imaging may suggest spinal cord compression and structural lesions in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) but cannot reveal functional impairments in spinal pathways. We aimed to assess the value of contact…
View article: Motor imagery and execution activate similar finger representations that are spatially consistent over time
Motor imagery and execution activate similar finger representations that are spatially consistent over time Open
Finger representations in the sensorimotor cortex can be activated even in the absence of somatosensory input or motor output through mere top-down processes, such as motor imagery. While executed finger movements activate finger represent…
View article: Distinguishing the activity of adjacent somatosensory nuclei within the brainstem using 3T fMRI
Distinguishing the activity of adjacent somatosensory nuclei within the brainstem using 3T fMRI Open
Experimental evidence in animal models indicates that the brainstem plays a major role in sensory modulation. However, mapping functional activity within the human brainstem presents many methodological challenges. These constraints have d…
View article: SCIseg: Automatic Segmentation of Intramedullary Lesions in Spinal Cord Injury on T2-weighted MRI Scans
SCIseg: Automatic Segmentation of Intramedullary Lesions in Spinal Cord Injury on T2-weighted MRI Scans Open
The proposed deep learning model accurately segmented the spinal cord and spinal cord injury lesions in a diverse, multicenter dataset of T2-weighted MRI scans.
View article: Progressive cervical cord atrophy parallels cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease
Progressive cervical cord atrophy parallels cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease Open
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive episodic memory dysfunction. A prominent hallmark of AD is gradual brain atrophy. Despite extensive research on brain pathology, the understanding of spinal cord pathology in AD and …
View article: Temporal dynamics of white and gray matter plasticity during motor skill acquisition: a comparative diffusion tensor imaging and multiparametric mapping analysis
Temporal dynamics of white and gray matter plasticity during motor skill acquisition: a comparative diffusion tensor imaging and multiparametric mapping analysis Open
Learning new motor skills relies on neural plasticity within motor and limbic systems. This study uniquely combined diffusion tensor imaging and multiparametric mapping MRI to detail these neuroplasticity processes. We recruited 18 healthy…
View article: Extent of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Is Lesion Level Dependent and Predictive of Recovery: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study
Extent of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury Is Lesion Level Dependent and Predictive of Recovery: A Multicenter Neuroimaging Study Open
Assessing the extent of the intramedullary lesion after spinal cord injury (SCI) might help to improve prognostication. However, because the neurological level of injury impacts the recovery potential of SCI patients, the question arises w…
View article: Potential thresholds of critically increased cardiac-related spinal cord motion in degenerative cervical myelopathy
Potential thresholds of critically increased cardiac-related spinal cord motion in degenerative cervical myelopathy Open
Introduction New diagnostic techniques are a substantial research focus in degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM). This cross-sectional study determined the significance of cardiac-related spinal cord motion and the extent of spinal stenos…
View article: TMS-based neurofeedback training of mental finger individuation induces neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex
TMS-based neurofeedback training of mental finger individuation induces neuroplastic changes in the sensorimotor cortex Open
Neurofeedback (NF) training based on motor imagery is increasingly used in neurorehabilitation with the aim to improve motor functions. However, the neuroplastic changes underpinning these improvements are poorly understood. Here, we used …
View article: Quantifying neurodegeneration of the cervical cord and brain in degenerative cervical myelopathy: A multicentre study using quantitative <scp>magnetic resonance imaging</scp>
Quantifying neurodegeneration of the cervical cord and brain in degenerative cervical myelopathy: A multicentre study using quantitative <span>magnetic resonance imaging</span> Open
Background and purpose Simultaneous assessment of neurodegeneration in both the cervical cord and brain across multiple centres can enhance the effectiveness of clinical trials. Thus, this study aims to simultaneously assess microstructura…