Paul A. Bingham
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View article: A comparison of ceramic and carbon‐based reductants for vitrification of low‐activity waste
A comparison of ceramic and carbon‐based reductants for vitrification of low‐activity waste Open
Sucrose is the current baseline additive at the Hanford Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant in Washington to control foaming during waste feed to glass transitions and the redox state of the glass melt. Alternative reductants are bein…
View article: Raman gas sensing technology: A new horizon?
Raman gas sensing technology: A new horizon? Open
The question in the title alludes to the importance of comprehending the relevance and manner of operation in the field of gas sensors, which is undeniably one of the most important scientific and economic interests. Despite being superior…
View article: Deciphering the Origin of Higher Shell Coordination on Single Iron Catalysts for Resilient Modulating Persulfate Oxidation Into Singlet Oxygen Pathway
Deciphering the Origin of Higher Shell Coordination on Single Iron Catalysts for Resilient Modulating Persulfate Oxidation Into Singlet Oxygen Pathway Open
Precise manipulation of coordination structure of single‐atom sites and establishment of schematic microenvironment‐oxidation pathway relations remain significant challenges in Fenton‐like chemistry. Herein, incorporating sulfur heteroatom…
View article: Thermodynamics and transport in molten chloride salts and their mixtures
Thermodynamics and transport in molten chloride salts and their mixtures Open
Relationship between thermophysical properties and phonon mean free path. Heat capacity, viscosity, and thermal conductivity in ionic liquids decrease as mean free path decreases and dynamics become less “solid-like” and collect motion dim…
View article: Boron nitride: Novel ceramic reductant for low‐activity waste vitrification
Boron nitride: Novel ceramic reductant for low‐activity waste vitrification Open
During vitrification of radioactive wastes, excessive foaming reduces processing rates within melters by hindering heat transfer from the molten glass pool to the reacting melter feed. Formulations of low‐activity waste (LAW) melter feeds,…
View article: A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities I—Compositions, properties and theoretical energy requirements
A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities I—Compositions, properties and theoretical energy requirements Open
This research aimed to investigate the compositions of commercial soda–lime–silica glasses currently present in the UK market, as there is a lack of recent research on the subject, with the most recent studies now being over 20 years old. …
View article: Effect of lithium concentration on the network connectivity of nuclear waste glasses
Effect of lithium concentration on the network connectivity of nuclear waste glasses Open
Structure of borosilicate glasses with varying Li2O contents were investigated using Magic Angle Spinning (MAS) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), employing 6Li, 11B, 23Na, 27Al and 29Si nuclei. 11B MAS NMR revealed that increasing Li2O con…
View article: A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities II—Principal component analysis (PCA) of glass compositions
A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities II—Principal component analysis (PCA) of glass compositions Open
In the first part of the study, we sampled and investigated the composition of commercial glasses in the UK market from 2022 to 2023, as well as property data provided by various models. In this part, we utilize principal component analysi…
View article: Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of molten salts: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and fundamental bounds
Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of molten salts: insights from molecular dynamics simulations and fundamental bounds Open
We use extensive molecular dynamics simulations to calculate thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity in two common molten salts, LiF and KCl. Our analysis includes the total thermal conductivity and intrinsic conductivity involving ma…
View article: Atom Probe Tomography Investigation of Clustering in Model P2O5-Doped Borosilicate Glasses for Nuclear Waste Vitrification
Atom Probe Tomography Investigation of Clustering in Model P2O5-Doped Borosilicate Glasses for Nuclear Waste Vitrification Open
Atom probe tomography (APT) has been utilized to investigate the microstructure of two model borosilicate glasses designed to understand the solubility limits of phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5). This component is found in certain high-level r…
View article: Benchtop Zone Refinement of Simulated Future Spent Nuclear Fuel Pyroprocessing Waste
Benchtop Zone Refinement of Simulated Future Spent Nuclear Fuel Pyroprocessing Waste Open
The UK’s adoption of pyroprocessing of spent nuclear fuel as an alternative to the current aqueous processing routes requires a robust scientific underpinning of all relevant processes. One key process is the clean-up of the contaminated s…
View article: Viscosity bounds in liquids with different structure and bonding types
Viscosity bounds in liquids with different structure and bonding types Open
Recently, it was realized that liquid viscosity has a lower bound which is nearly constant for all liquids and is governed by fundamental physical constants. This was supported by experimental data in noble and molecular liquids. Here, we …
View article: Viscosity bounds in liquids with different structure and bonding types
Viscosity bounds in liquids with different structure and bonding types Open
Recently, it was realised that liquid viscosity has a lower bound which is nearly constant for all liquids and is governed by fundamental physical constants. This was supported by experimental data in noble and molecular liquids. Here, we …
View article: Study of the normal force and velocity influence on the fused silica scratching mechanisms with α-alumina grit at atomic scale via Reaxff reactive molecular dynamic simulations
Study of the normal force and velocity influence on the fused silica scratching mechanisms with α-alumina grit at atomic scale via Reaxff reactive molecular dynamic simulations Open
Fused silica is an optical glass employed in several industries, which is grinded and polished to obtain ultra-smooth surface by using α-alumina abrasives. Scratch testing is a powerful technique to assess the process conditions that provo…
View article: Dynamic high‐temperature crystallization and processing properties of industrial soda–lime–silica glasses
Dynamic high‐temperature crystallization and processing properties of industrial soda–lime–silica glasses Open
In situ dynamic crystallization properties of industrial soda–lime–silica glasses at realistic processing temperatures have not yet been explored. Hence, we collected in situ high‐temperature X‐ray diffraction patterns for 10 different ind…
View article: Antimicrobial Fe2O3-CuO-P2O5 glasses
Antimicrobial Fe2O3-CuO-P2O5 glasses Open
Glasses with high antimicrobial efficacy were developed in the Fe 2 O 3 -CuO-P 2 O 5 ternary system to mitigate fomite-mediated transmission of infectious diseases in high-risk settings such as hospitals, daycares, and nursing homes. Binar…
View article: Structural changes in borosilicate glasses as a function of Fe2O3 content: A multi-technique approach
Structural changes in borosilicate glasses as a function of Fe2O3 content: A multi-technique approach Open
Three series of borosilicate glasses were prepared, ranging from simple ternary sodium borosilicate glasses (SCFe series), to complex borosilicate glasses (CCFe Series), to high-level radioactive waste analogue glasses (HAFe series). 57Fe …
View article: Alternative raw material research for decarbonization of UK glass manufacture
Alternative raw material research for decarbonization of UK glass manufacture Open
Based on the current UK decarbonization policy, a general outlook on potential routes for the glass industry to achieve net‐zero is discussed and the differentiation during decarbonization is specified. Biomass ash is considered a potentia…
View article: Suppression of Fe-Cation Migration by Indium Substitution in LiFe<sub>2–<i>x</i></sub>In<i><sub>x</sub></i>SbO<sub>6</sub> Cathode Materials
Suppression of Fe-Cation Migration by Indium Substitution in LiFe<sub>2–<i>x</i></sub>In<i><sub>x</sub></i>SbO<sub>6</sub> Cathode Materials Open
Cation migration on electrochemical cycling can significantly influence the performance of li-ion cathode materials. Phases of composition LiFe2-xInxSbO6 (0 < x <1) adopt crystal structures described in space group Pnnm, consisting of a he…
View article: The effects of phosphorus pentoxide additions on the thermal, rheological, and structural properties of sodium borosilicate glass
The effects of phosphorus pentoxide additions on the thermal, rheological, and structural properties of sodium borosilicate glass Open
This research has characterized the effects of P2O5 additions on the physical, chemical, thermal, rheological properties and the structure of SiO2-B2O3-Na2O glasses relevant to radioactive waste immobilization. Properties analysed include …