Paul D. Baxter
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View article: Why NHS hospital co-morbidity research may be wrong: how clinical coding fails to identify the impact of diabetes mellitus on cancer survival
Why NHS hospital co-morbidity research may be wrong: how clinical coding fails to identify the impact of diabetes mellitus on cancer survival Open
View article: Quality of life, healthcare usage and finances of UK cancer survivors five years post-diagnosis: a matched controlled study
Quality of life, healthcare usage and finances of UK cancer survivors five years post-diagnosis: a matched controlled study Open
Purpose Assessing the long-term impact of cancer on people’s lives is challenging due to confounding issues such as aging and comorbidities. We aimed to investigate this impact by comparing the outcomes of cancer survivors with a matched c…
View article: CONTENT VALIDITY OF SELECTED ITEMS FROM THE <i>SPEECH, SPATIAL AND QUALITIES OF HEARING SCALE FOR PARENTS</i> (SSQ-P) AS MEASURED BY A SURVEY OF EXPERT OPINION
CONTENT VALIDITY OF SELECTED ITEMS FROM THE <i>SPEECH, SPATIAL AND QUALITIES OF HEARING SCALE FOR PARENTS</i> (SSQ-P) AS MEASURED BY A SURVEY OF EXPERT OPINION Open
Introduction The purpose of this small-scale study was to assess the content validity of a modified subset of ten items from the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale for Parents (SSQ-P) via a survey of expert opinion. Mate…
View article: PIEZO1 and PECAM1 interact at cell-cell junctions and partner in endothelial force sensing
PIEZO1 and PECAM1 interact at cell-cell junctions and partner in endothelial force sensing Open
Two prominent concepts for the sensing of shear stress by endothelium are the PIEZO1 channel as a mediator of mechanically activated calcium ion entry and the PECAM1 cell adhesion molecule as the apex of a triad with CDH5 and VGFR2. Here, …
View article: Association between operator volume and mortality in primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Association between operator volume and mortality in primary percutaneous coronary intervention Open
Background There is a paucity of real-world data assessing the association of operator volumes and mortality specific to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods Demographic, clinical and outcome data for all patients und…
View article: The Effect of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome on All-cause and Cause-specific Mortality
The Effect of Endogenous Cushing Syndrome on All-cause and Cause-specific Mortality Open
Objective We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all-cause and cause-specific mortality of patients with benign endogenous Cushing syndrome (CS). Methods The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017067530). PubMe…
View article: Collection of cancer Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to link with primary and secondary electronic care records to understand and improve long term cancer outcomes: A protocol paper
Collection of cancer Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS) to link with primary and secondary electronic care records to understand and improve long term cancer outcomes: A protocol paper Open
Introduction More people are living with and beyond a cancer diagnosis. There is limited understanding of the long-term effects of cancer and cancer treatment on quality of life and personal and household finances when compared to people w…
View article: A data flow process for confidential data and its application in a health research project
A data flow process for confidential data and its application in a health research project Open
Background The use of linked healthcare data in research has the potential to make major contributions to knowledge generation and service improvement. However, using healthcare data for secondary purposes raises legal and ethical concerns…
View article: Supplementary_The effect of endogenous Cushing's syndrome on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis.docx
Supplementary_The effect of endogenous Cushing's syndrome on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis.docx Open
The supplementary data generated during and/or analyzed during the current study for "The effect of endogenous Cushing's syndrome on all-cause and cause-specific mortality. A systematic review and meta-analysis".
View article: Latent class regression improves the predictive acuity and clinical utility of survival prognostication amongst chronic heart failure patients
Latent class regression improves the predictive acuity and clinical utility of survival prognostication amongst chronic heart failure patients Open
The present study aimed to compare the predictive acuity of latent class regression (LCR) modelling with: standard generalised linear modelling (GLM); and GLMs that include the membership of subgroups/classes (identified through prior late…
View article: Mortality and Specific Causes of Death in Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Mortality and Specific Causes of Death in Endogenous Cushing’s Syndrome: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Open
Background: Endogenous Cushing’s syndrome (CS) refers to an inappropriate hypercortisolism usually caused by either Cushing’s disease (CD) or adrenal CS (ACS). CS results in significant morbidity and excess mortality if untreated. Even in …
View article: Real World Mortality and Specific Causes of Death in Chronic Oral Glucocorticoid Use: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression
Real World Mortality and Specific Causes of Death in Chronic Oral Glucocorticoid Use: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression Open
Background: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are widely used as therapeutic agents with prevalence 0.9–3.7%, but they are associated with significant side effects. Understanding of mortality ratios and causes of death from GC use is poorly appreciate…
View article: Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance to define mechanisms of comorbidity and to measure the effect of biological therapy: the CADERA observational study
Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance to define mechanisms of comorbidity and to measure the effect of biological therapy: the CADERA observational study Open
Background The VEDERA (Very Early vs. Delayed Etanercept in Rheumatoid Arthritis) randomised controlled trial compared the effect of conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (csDMARD) therapy with biologic DMARD (bDMARD…
View article: Changes in the pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis over two decades
Changes in the pharmacological management of rheumatoid arthritis over two decades Open
Objectives To assess whether modern management of RA has reduced the prescription of oral corticosteroids and NSAIDs and to evaluate use of pharmacological prophylaxis strategies. Methods Using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we e…
View article: Latent class regression improves the predictive acuity and clinical utility of survival prognostication amongst chronic heart failure patients
Latent class regression improves the predictive acuity and clinical utility of survival prognostication amongst chronic heart failure patients Open
The present study aimed to compare the predictive acuity of latent class regression (LCR) modelling with: standard generalised linear modelling (GLM); and GLMs that include the membership of subgroups/classes (identified through prior late…
View article: Cardiovascular effects of biological versus conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in treatment-naïve, early rheumatoid arthritis
Cardiovascular effects of biological versus conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drug therapy in treatment-naïve, early rheumatoid arthritis Open
View article: Face and content validity analysis of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale for Parents (SSQ-P) when used in a clinical service without interviews or week-long observation periods
Face and content validity analysis of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale for Parents (SSQ-P) when used in a clinical service without interviews or week-long observation periods Open
View article: Variation in methods, results and reporting in electronic health record-based studies evaluating routine care in gout: A systematic review
Variation in methods, results and reporting in electronic health record-based studies evaluating routine care in gout: A systematic review Open
The wide variation in case definitions and medication-related analysis among EHR-based studies has implications for reported medication use. This is amplified by variable reporting comprehensiveness and the limited consideration of EHR-rel…
View article: Multilevel latent class (MLC) modelling of healthcare provider causal effects on patient outcomes: Evaluation via simulation
Multilevel latent class (MLC) modelling of healthcare provider causal effects on patient outcomes: Evaluation via simulation Open
Where performance comparison of healthcare providers is of interest, characteristics of both patients and the health condition of interest must be balanced across providers for a fair comparison. This is unlikely to be feasible within obse…
View article: P18 Multilevel latent class modelling of simulated healthcare provider-level causal effects in observational data
P18 Multilevel latent class modelling of simulated healthcare provider-level causal effects in observational data Open
Background Healthcare provider performance is commonly assessed using patient outcomes, e.g. survival rates. Patient characteristics that may affect outcomes in the absence of genuine provider-level differences must therefore be balanced a…
View article: Application of Cox Model to predict the survival of patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A latent class regression approach
Application of Cox Model to predict the survival of patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A latent class regression approach Open
Most prediction models that are used in medical research fail to accurately predict health outcomes due to methodological limitations. Using routinely collected patient data, we explore the use of a Cox proportional hazard (PH) model withi…
View article: Real-world comparison of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Real-world comparison of clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention Open
Background There is a paucity of real-world outcome data comparing clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor in primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We sought to assess the a…
View article: Dose Dependency of Iatrogenic Glucocorticoid Excess and Adrenal Insufficiency and Mortality: A Cohort Study in England
Dose Dependency of Iatrogenic Glucocorticoid Excess and Adrenal Insufficiency and Mortality: A Cohort Study in England Open
Context Adrenal insufficiency and Cushing syndrome are known adverse events of glucocorticoids. However, no population estimates of dose-related risks are available. Objective To investigate dose-related risks of adrenal dysfunction and de…
View article: Cell adhesion molecule interaction with Piezo1 channels is a mechanism for sub cellular regulation of mechanical sensitivity
Cell adhesion molecule interaction with Piezo1 channels is a mechanism for sub cellular regulation of mechanical sensitivity Open
The discovery of Piezo1 channels as force sensors with roles in the endothelial response to fluid flow has appeared contradictory to earlier work suggesting mediation by a triad of cell adhesion molecules (CD31 and VE-cadherin) and vascula…
View article: TRPC5 ion channel permeation promotes weight gain in hypercholesterolaemic mice
TRPC5 ion channel permeation promotes weight gain in hypercholesterolaemic mice Open
View article: Supplemental material of manuscript entitled: Dose dependency of iatrogenic glucocorticoid excess and adrenal insufficiency and mortality: a cohort study in England
Supplemental material of manuscript entitled: Dose dependency of iatrogenic glucocorticoid excess and adrenal insufficiency and mortality: a cohort study in England Open
We conducted a population-based, record-linkage, open-cohort study to quantify dose-related risks of adrenal insufficiency, Cushing's syndrome and death in adults with six chronic inflammatory diseases commonly treated with oral glucocorti…
View article: The Association Between Childhood Leukemia and Population Mixing
The Association Between Childhood Leukemia and Population Mixing Open
Background: Studies investigating the population-mixing hypothesis in childhood leukemia principally use two analytical approaches: (1) nonrandom selection of areas according to specific characteristics, followed by comparisons of their in…
View article: P11 Mathematical coupling and causal inference through example
P11 Mathematical coupling and causal inference through example Open
Background In health studies, proportions and percentages can often seem more informative than raw counts and therefore appear to be of more interest to analysts. However, it has long been acknowledged that their use is problematic in corr…
View article: P15 Latent class regression modelling: a novel approach to predict survival in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF)
P15 Latent class regression modelling: a novel approach to predict survival in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) Open
Background Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) is one of the leading cause of hospitalizations and deaths, more especially in old people, and this causes a substantial clinical and economic burden to the government. Using risk prediction models to…
View article: Methods for the evaluation of biomarkers in patients with kidney and liver diseases: multicentre research programme including ELUCIDATE RCT
Methods for the evaluation of biomarkers in patients with kidney and liver diseases: multicentre research programme including ELUCIDATE RCT Open
Background Protein biomarkers with associations with the activity and outcomes of diseases are being identified by modern proteomic technologies. They may be simple, accessible, cheap and safe tests that can inform diagnosis, prognosis, tr…