Paul Lehmann
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View article: A Comparison of Flow Cytometry-based versus ImmunoSpot- or Supernatant-based Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific Memory B Cells in Peripheral Blood
A Comparison of Flow Cytometry-based versus ImmunoSpot- or Supernatant-based Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific Memory B Cells in Peripheral Blood Open
Background: Memory B cells (Bmem) facilitate the generation of renewed and rapid antigen-specific antibody responses long after the initial antigen exposure, at a time when circulating serum antibodies may have declined. As the generation …
View article: SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-induced Spike-specific memory B cells: frequencies, Ig class and subclass usage, cross-reactivities, and affinity distributions 9044
SARS-CoV-2 infection versus COVID-19 mRNA vaccination-induced Spike-specific memory B cells: frequencies, Ig class and subclass usage, cross-reactivities, and affinity distributions 9044 Open
Description Owing to differences in exposure route, memory B cells (Bmem) generated following infection of upper airway mucosa with SARS-CoV-2 virus or intramuscular injection of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine may differ in their Ig class/subclass …
View article: Optimizing PBMC utilization and cryopreservation for B cell ImmunoSpot® analysis 9043
Optimizing PBMC utilization and cryopreservation for B cell ImmunoSpot® analysis 9043 Open
Description Measuring frequencies of antigen-specific memory B cells (Bmem), their immunoglobulin (Ig) class and subclass usage, cross-reactivity and affinity can provide insights into the efficacy of future antibody responses in case of a…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Elicits Partially Different Spike-Reactive Memory B Cell Responses in Naïve Individuals
SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Elicits Partially Different Spike-Reactive Memory B Cell Responses in Naïve Individuals Open
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to evaluate how the human immune system responded to a novel pathogen and to determine whether immune responses initiated through natural infection differ from those elicited …
View article: SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Elicit Similar Spike-Reactive Memory B Cell Responses in Naïve Individuals
SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination Elicit Similar Spike-Reactive Memory B Cell Responses in Naïve Individuals Open
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic provided a unique opportunity to evaluate how the human immune system responded to a novel pathogen, and to determine whether immune responses initiated through natural infection differ from those elicited…
View article: Optimizing PBMC Cryopreservation and Utilization for ImmunoSpot® Analysis of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells
Optimizing PBMC Cryopreservation and Utilization for ImmunoSpot® Analysis of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells Open
Background: Measuring frequencies of antigen-specific memory B cells (Bmem), their immunoglobulin (Ig) class and subclass usage, cross-reactivity, and affinity can provide insights into the efficacy of future antibody responses in case of …
View article: Optimizing PBMC Cryopreservation and Utilization for ImmunoSpot Analysis of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells
Optimizing PBMC Cryopreservation and Utilization for ImmunoSpot Analysis of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells Open
Background: Measuring frequencies of antigen-specific memory B cells (Bmem), their immunoglobulin (Ig) class and subclass usage, cross-reactivity and affinity can provide insights into the efficacy of future antibody responses in case of a…
View article: Measuring Human Memory B Cells in Autoimmunity Using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot
Measuring Human Memory B Cells in Autoimmunity Using Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSpot Open
The measurement of serum antibodies that specifically recognize self-antigens is a critical diagnostic in autoimmunity. A limitation of such an approach is sensitivity to detect the antibody, particularly when abundant self-antigens in the…
View article: Disentangling effects of the DR and DQ isomers encoded by the HLA class II haplotype DRB1*15:01/DQB1*06:02 to help establish the true risk allele for FVIII inhibitor development in Hemophilia A
Disentangling effects of the DR and DQ isomers encoded by the HLA class II haplotype DRB1*15:01/DQB1*06:02 to help establish the true risk allele for FVIII inhibitor development in Hemophilia A Open
Introduction Hemophilia A (HA) patients (HAPs) with the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-class-II (HLAII) haplotype DRB1*15:01/DQB1*06:02, and thus antigen presenting cells which express HLAII β-polypeptide chains that form heterodimers of DR…
View article: The Importance of Monitoring Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells, and How ImmunoSpot Assays Are Suitable for This Task
The Importance of Monitoring Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells, and How ImmunoSpot Assays Are Suitable for This Task Open
Determining an individual’s humoral immune reactivity to a pathogen, autoantigen, or environmental agent is traditionally accomplished through the assessment of specific antibody levels in blood. However, in many instances, titers of speci…
View article: Theoretical and practical considerations for validating antigen-specific B cell ImmunoSpot assays
Theoretical and practical considerations for validating antigen-specific B cell ImmunoSpot assays Open
Owing to their ability to reliably detect even very rare antigen-specific B cells in cellular isolates such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and doing so robustly in a high throughput-compatible manner, B cell ELISPOT/FluoroSp…
View article: Investigating skyrmion stability and core polarity reversal in NdMn2Ge2
Investigating skyrmion stability and core polarity reversal in NdMn2Ge2 Open
We present a study on nanoscale skyrmionic spin textures in $$\hbox {NdMn}_{{2}}\hbox {Ge}_{{2}}$$ , a rare-earth complex noncollinear ferromagnet. We confirm, using X-ray microscopy, that $$\hbox {NdMn}_{{2}}\hbox {Ge}_{{2}}$$ can host la…
View article: Enhanced motivated behavior mediated by pharmacological targeting of the FGF14/Nav1.6 complex in nucleus accumbens neurons
Enhanced motivated behavior mediated by pharmacological targeting of the FGF14/Nav1.6 complex in nucleus accumbens neurons Open
Protein/protein interactions (PPI) play crucial roles in neuronal functions. Yet, their potential as drug targets for brain disorders remains underexplored. The fibroblast growth factor 14 (FGF14)/voltage-gated Na+ channel 1.6 (Nav1.6) com…
View article: Information That Cannot Be Gained by Studies of Serum Antibodies: ImmunoSpot Assays Permit Detailed Assessment of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells Through Defining Their Frequency, Affinity, Cross-Reactivity Profile, and Antibody Class/Subclass Utilization
Information That Cannot Be Gained by Studies of Serum Antibodies: ImmunoSpot Assays Permit Detailed Assessment of Antigen-Specific Memory B Cells Through Defining Their Frequency, Affinity, Cross-Reactivity Profile, and Antibody Class/Subclass Utilization Open
Determining an individual’s humoral immune reactivity to a pathogen, autoantigen, or environmental agent is traditionally accomplished through assessment of specific antibody levels in blood. However, in many instances, titers of specific …
View article: Antiferromagnetic Nanoscale Bit Arrays of Magnetoelectric Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Thin Films
Antiferromagnetic Nanoscale Bit Arrays of Magnetoelectric Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Thin Films Open
Magnetism of oxide antiferromagnets (AFMs) has been studied in single crystals and extended thin films. The properties of AFM nanostructures still remain underexplored. Here, we report on the fabrication and magnetic imaging of granular 10…
View article: Antiferromagnetic nanoscale bit arrays of magnetoelectric Cr$_2$O$_3$ thin films
Antiferromagnetic nanoscale bit arrays of magnetoelectric Cr$_2$O$_3$ thin films Open
Magnetism of oxide antiferromagnets (AFMs) has been studied in single crystals and extended thin films. The properties of AFM nanostructures still remain underexplored. Here, we report on the fabrication and magnetic imaging of granular 10…
View article: How Reliable Are Predictions of CD8+ T Cell Epitope Recognition? Lessons for Cancer
How Reliable Are Predictions of CD8+ T Cell Epitope Recognition? Lessons for Cancer Open
Synthetic peptides derived from antigen sequences are essential reagents for the detection of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), in assays such as ELISPOT/ImmunoSpot®. Indeed, the combination of peptides and ImmunoSpot® has been widely u…
View article: Theoretical and practical considerations for validating antigen-specific B cell ImmunoSpot assays
Theoretical and practical considerations for validating antigen-specific B cell ImmunoSpot assays Open
Owing to their ability to reliably detect even very rare antigen-specific B cells in cellular isolates such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and doing so robustly in a high throughput-compatible manner, B cell ELISPOT/FluoroSp…
View article: Four-Color ImmunoSpot® Assays Requiring Only 1–3 mL of Blood Permit Precise Frequency Measurements of Antigen-Specific B Cells-Secreting Immunoglobulins of All Four Classes and Subclasses
Four-Color ImmunoSpot® Assays Requiring Only 1–3 mL of Blood Permit Precise Frequency Measurements of Antigen-Specific B Cells-Secreting Immunoglobulins of All Four Classes and Subclasses Open
The B lymphocyte response can encompass four immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and four IgG subclasses, each contributing fundamentally different effector functions. Production of the appropriate Ig class/subclass is critical for both successful…
View article: Assessing the Affinity Spectrum of the Antigen-Specific B Cell Repertoire via ImmunoSpot®
Assessing the Affinity Spectrum of the Antigen-Specific B Cell Repertoire via ImmunoSpot® Open
The affinity distribution of the antigen-specific memory B cell (B mem ) repertoire in the body is a critical variable that defines an individual’s ability to rapidly generate high-affinity protective antibody specificities. Detailed measu…
View article: Reagent Tracker™ Platform Verifies and Provides Audit Trails for the Error-Free Implementation of T-Cell ImmunoSpot® Assays
Reagent Tracker™ Platform Verifies and Provides Audit Trails for the Error-Free Implementation of T-Cell ImmunoSpot® Assays Open
ELISPOT and FluoroSpot assays, collectively called ImmunoSpot assays, permit to reliable detection of rare antigen-specific T cells in freshly isolated cell material, such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Establishing their fr…
View article: Monitoring Memory B Cells by Next-Generation ImmunoSpot® Provides Insights into Humoral Immunity that Measurements of Circulating Antibodies Do Not Reveal
Monitoring Memory B Cells by Next-Generation ImmunoSpot® Provides Insights into Humoral Immunity that Measurements of Circulating Antibodies Do Not Reveal Open
Memory B cells (B mem ) provide the second wall of adaptive humoral host defense upon specific antigen rechallenge when the first wall, consisting of preformed antibodies originating from a preceding antibody response, fails. This is the c…
View article: Artificial Intelligence-Based Counting Algorithm Enables Accurate and Detailed Analysis of the Broad Spectrum of Spot Morphologies Observed in Antigen-Specific B-Cell ELISPOT and FluoroSpot Assays
Artificial Intelligence-Based Counting Algorithm Enables Accurate and Detailed Analysis of the Broad Spectrum of Spot Morphologies Observed in Antigen-Specific B-Cell ELISPOT and FluoroSpot Assays Open
Antigen-specific B-cell ELISPOT and multicolor FluoroSpot assays, in which the membrane-bound antigen itself serves as the capture reagent for the antibodies that B cells secrete, inherently result in a broad range of spot sizes and intens…
View article: Artificial intelligence-based counting algorithm enables accurate and detailed analysis of the broad spectrum of spot morphologies observed in antigen-specific B cell ELISPOT and FluoroSpot assays
Artificial intelligence-based counting algorithm enables accurate and detailed analysis of the broad spectrum of spot morphologies observed in antigen-specific B cell ELISPOT and FluoroSpot assays Open
Antigen-specific B cell ELISPOT and multicolor FluoroSpot assays, in which the membrane-bound antigen itself serves as the capture reagent for the antibodies that B cells secrete, inherently result in a broad range of spot sizes and intens…
View article: A Scan of Pleiotropic Immune Mediated Disease Genes Identifies Novel Determinants of Baseline FVIII Inhibitor Status in Hemophilia-A
A Scan of Pleiotropic Immune Mediated Disease Genes Identifies Novel Determinants of Baseline FVIII Inhibitor Status in Hemophilia-A Open
Hemophilia-A (HA) is caused by heterogeneous loss-of-function factor (F)VIII gene ( F8 )-mutations and deficiencies in plasma-FVIII-activity that impair intrinsic-pathway-mediated coagulation-amplification. The standard-of-care for severe-…
View article: Monitoring memory B cells by next generation ImmunoSpot® provides insights into humoral immunity that measurements of circulating antibodies do not reveal
Monitoring memory B cells by next generation ImmunoSpot® provides insights into humoral immunity that measurements of circulating antibodies do not reveal Open
Memory B cells (B mem ) provide the second wall of adaptive humoral host defense upon specific antigen rechallenge when the first wall, consisting of pre-formed antibodies originating from a preceding antibody response, fails. This is the …
View article: Four-color ImmunoSpot® assays requiring only 1-3 mL of blood permit precise frequency measurements of antigen-specific B cells secreting immunoglobulins of all four classes and subclasses
Four-color ImmunoSpot® assays requiring only 1-3 mL of blood permit precise frequency measurements of antigen-specific B cells secreting immunoglobulins of all four classes and subclasses Open
The B lymphocyte response can encompass four immunoglobulin (Ig) classes and four IgG subclasses, each contributing fundamentally different effector functions. Production of the appropriate Ig class/subclass is critical for both successful…
View article: Assessing the affinity spectrum of the antigen-specific B cell repertoire via ImmunoSpot®
Assessing the affinity spectrum of the antigen-specific B cell repertoire via ImmunoSpot® Open
The affinity distribution of the antigen-specific memory B cell (B mem ) repertoire in the body is a critical variable that defines an individual’s ability to rapidly generate high affinity protective antibody specificities. Detailed measu…