Explanipedia

Implausible Effects of Psychological Interventions Meta-Epidemiological Study and Development of a Simple Flagging Tool Open

Wouter van Ballegooijen, Yingying Wang, Paula P. Schnurr, Toshi A. Furukawa, Davide Papola · 2025

In meta-analyses of psychological interventions, trials occasionally report effects that appear implausibly large. While such results are unlikely to reflect genuine treatment effects, this is rarely verifiable, and studies are often retai…

A psychometric examination of computerized adaptive measures of posttraumatic stress disorder among military veterans. Open

Daniel J. Lee, Michael L Crowe, Frank W. Weathers, Michelle J. Bovin, Ron Acierno , et al. · 2025

Brenner et al. (2021) developed and initially tested two computerized adaptive measures of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), one that provides a provisional diagnosis (PTSD computerized adaptive diagnostic screen [CAD-PTSD]) and one th…

Addressing pandemic-related guilt and shame in U.S. military veterans: A pilot randomized controlled trial of trauma-informed guilt reduction and supportive care therapy. Open

Matthew L. McCue, Christy Capone, Jennifer Schuster Wachen, Katia M. Harlé, Brittany Davis , et al. · 2025

Findings suggest that veterans with PTSD and guilt may benefit more from trauma- or morally injurious event-focused interventions like TrIGR, while veterans without PTSD may be adequately supported by SCT. Larger, more diverse samples are …

Effectiveness of digital interventions for eight mental disorders: A meta-analytic synthesis Open

Mathias Harrer, Clara Miguel, Lingyao Tong, Paula Kuper, Antonia A Sprenger , et al. · 2025

Digital interventions can be effective across a wide range of diagnosed mental disorders. For some indications, more high-quality trials and comparisons against care-as-usual are needed to confirm the robustness of the effect, particularly…

Harnessing psychedelics for treating posttraumatic stress disorder: Does the science support all the hype? Open

Mark Creamer, Richard A. Bryant, Amy Lehrner, Barbara O. Rothbaum, Josef I. Ruzek , et al. · 2025

This paper is an edited transcript of a plenary panel held at the 2024 Annual Meeting of the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The panel comprised Drs. Mark Creamer (moderat…

Camaraderie Among US Veterans and Their Preferences for Health Care Systems and Practitioners Open

Kevin Vigilante, Sonja V. Batten, Qingkun Shang, Shiping Zhang, Wenshu Li , et al. · 2025

Importance Unlike convenience, cost, and quality, camaraderie with other similar patients has not been reported as a prominent patient consideration when choosing a health care system or practitioner. As the Veterans Affairs (VA) Health Sy…

Diagnostic accuracy and psychometric performance of two self‐report measures of posttraumatic stress disorder in older veterans Open

Joan M. Cook, Rachel Kimerling, Rachel Kimerling, Paula P. Schnurr, Michelle J. Bovin · 2025

The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM‐5 (PC‐PTSD‐5) and PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 (PCL‐5) have demonstrated high levels of diagnostic accuracy and strong psychometric properties across various samples and settings. However, the impact of age…

Gender and ethnoracial disparities in Veterans’ trauma exposure prevalence across differing life phases Open

Fernanda S. Rossi, Yael I. Nillni, Alexandria N. Miller, Annie B. Fox, Johanne Eliacin , et al. · 2025

Background Veterans show increased vulnerability to trauma exposure. Yet, there is limited research examining Veterans’ prevalence of experiencing different trauma exposure types by race, gender, and ethnicity and across unique phases of l…

Psychosocial Well-Being at the Time of Trauma Exposure and Risk of PTSD Open

Dawne Vogt, Shelby Borowski, Shaina A. Kumar, Lewina O. Lee, Paula P. Schnurr · 2024

This cohort study examines whether 3 well-being domains—vocational, financial, and social—are associated with the risk of developing subsequent posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a traumatic event.

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Type 2 Diabetes Outcomes in Veterans Open

Jeffrey F. Scherrer, Joanne Salas, Wenjin Wang, Kenneth E. Freedland, Patrick J. Lustman , et al. · 2024

Importance Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom reduction is linked with lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), but little is known about the association between PTSD and comorbid T2D outcomes. Whether PTSD is a modifiable r…

Absolute and relative outcomes of psychotherapies for eight mental disorders: a systematic review and meta‐analysis Open

Pim Cuijpers, Clara Miguel, Markéta Čihařová, Mathias Harrer, Djordje Basic , et al. · 2024

Psychotherapies are first‐line treatments for most mental disorders, but their absolute outcomes (i.e., response and remission rates) are not well studied, despite the relevance of such information for health care users, providers and poli…

Testing an Intervention to Improve Health Care Worker Well-Being During the COVID-19 Pandemic Open

Lisa S. Meredith, Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia, Peggy G. Chen, Lu Dong, Carrie M. Farmer , et al. · 2024

Importance Stress First Aid is an evidence-informed peer-to-peer support intervention to mitigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the well-being of health care workers (HCWs). Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a tailored pe…

Session-level effects of cognitive processing therapy and prolonged exposure on individual symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder among U.S. veterans. Open

Samantha J. Moshier, Colin T. Mahoney, Michelle J. Bovin, Brian P. Marx, Paula P. Schnurr · 2024

Findings may facilitate the shared decision-making process for patients choosing between CPT and PE. Session-level results provide direction for future research on the specific intervention components of CPT and PE. (PsycInfo Database Reco…

Sex Differences in Psychopathology Following Potentially Traumatic Experiences Open

Yasmin B. Kofman, Sophie Selbe, Péter Szentkúti, Erzsébet Horváth–Puhó, Anthony J. Rosellini , et al. · 2024

Importance Various psychopathology may follow trauma; however, sex differences in these ranging manifestations of posttraumatic psychopathology remain understudied. Objective To investigate sex-specific incidence of posttraumatic psychopat…

Protecting the Well-Being of Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic -- The COVER-HCW Project Open

Lisa S. Meredith, Courtney A. Gidengil, Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia, Peggy G. Chen, Lu Dong , et al. · 2024

Adaptation of Stress First Aid for Health Care Workers During COVID-19 Open

Tara Blagg, Lu Dong, Carrie M. Farmer, Nabeel Qureshi, Paula P. Schnurr , et al. · 2024

Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) have experienced increased levels of stress and burnout during and after the pandemic, resulting in healthcare worker shortages and diminished quality of care for patients. Originally piloted in combat e…

Enhancing Representation of Special Populations: An Approach to the Inclusion of Women Veterans in Va Clinical Trials Open

Karen M. Goldstein, Elizabeth M. Yano, Paula P. Schnurr, Lori A. Bastian, Susan Alton Dailey , et al. · 2024

Implementing precision methods in personalizing psychological therapies: Barriers and possible ways forward Open

Anne‐Katharina Deisenhofer, Michael Barkham, Esther T. Beierl, Brian Schwartz, Katie Aafjes‐van Doorn , et al. · 2023

Severity of posttraumatic stress disorder, type 2 diabetes outcomes and all-cause mortality: A retrospective cohort study Open

Joanne Salas, Wenjin Wang, Paula P. Schnurr, Beth E. Cohen, Kenneth E. Freedland , et al. · 2023

Antihypertensive Medications and PTSD Incidence in a Trauma Cohort Open

Jaimie L. Gradus, Meghan L. Smith, Péter Szentkúti, Anthony J. Rosellini, Erzsébet Horváth–Puhó , et al. · 2023

Conclusions: These findings lay a foundation for additional research focusing on antihypertensive medications that appear most effective in reducing PTSD incidence following trauma and for additional replication work aimed at…

Early Predictors of Chronic PTSD Symptom Trajectories in US Army Soldiers Deployed to the Iraq War Open

Jennifer J. Vasterling, Molly R. Franz, Lewina O. Lee, Anica Pless Kaiser, Susan P. Proctor , et al. · 2022

Purpose The course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms varies among veterans of warzones, but sources of variation in long-term course remain poorly understood. Modeling of symptom growth trajectories facilitates understanding…

Tools to Detect Risk of Death by Suicide Open

Natalie Riblet, Sarah Matsunaga, Younji Lee, Yinong Young‐Xu, Brian Shiner , et al. · 2022

Registration: PROSPERO: CRD42021285528.

Comparative effectiveness of trauma-focused and non-trauma-focused psychotherapy for PTSD among veterans with comorbid substance use disorders: Protocol & rationale for a randomized clinical trial Open

Shannon Kehle‐Forbes, David Nelson, Sonya B. Norman, Paula P. Schnurr, M. Tracie Shea , et al. · 2022

gov Identifier: NCT04581434.

Divergent experiences of U.S. veterans who did and did not complete trauma-focused therapies for PTSD: A national qualitative study of treatment dropout Open

Shannon Kehle‐Forbes, Princess E. Ackland, Michele Spoont, Laura A. Meis, Robert J. Orazem , et al. · 2022

Protecting the mental and physical well-being of frontline health care workers during COVID-19: Study protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial Open

Lu Dong, Lisa S. Meredith, Carrie M. Farmer, Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia, Peggy G. Chen , et al. · 2022

Does screening for PTSD lead to VA mental health care? Identifying the spectrum of initial VA screening actions. Open

Michelle J. Bovin, Jack Resnik, Amy M. Linsky, Kelly Stolzmann, Hillary J. Mull , et al. · 2022

Despite the active posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening program in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) primary care clinics and the availability of empirically supported treatments for PTSD at VA, many veterans for whom screening…

PTSD symptom improvement and smoking cessation among a sample of veterans Open

Joanne Salas, Auston Gillis, David Schneider, Jeffrey F. Scherrer, Carissa van den Berk‐Clark , et al. · 2022

Context: Poor health behaviors are common in persons with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD symptom improvement has been followed by better health behaviors such as medication adherence and use of nutrition, weight loss, and subst…

Deploying a telemedicine collaborative care intervention for posttraumatic stress disorder in the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs: A stepped wedge evaluation of an adaptive implementation strategy Open

John C. Fortney, Suparna Rajan, Heather Schacht Reisinger, Jane Moeckli, John P. Nolan , et al. · 2022

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02737098.

The mental health of Vietnam theater veterans—the lasting effects of the war: 2016–2017 Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study Open

Yasmin Cypel, Paula P. Schnurr, Aaron Schneiderman, William J. Culpepper, Fatema Z. Akhtar , et al. · 2022

Mental health data from the 2016–2017 Vietnam Era Health Retrospective Observational Study (VE‐HEROeS) were analyzed by cohort, represented by United States Vietnam theater veterans (VTs) who served in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos; nontheat…

Using Danish national registry data to understand psychopathology following potentially traumatic experiences Open

Jaimie L. Gradus, Anthony J. Rosellini, Péter Szentkúti, Erzsébet Horváth–Puhó, Meghan L. Smith , et al. · 2022

Research on posttraumatic psychopathology has focused primarily on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); other posttraumatic psychiatric diagnoses are less well documented. The present study aimed to (a) develop a methodology to derive a c…

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