Peter J. Eng
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View article: Crystal Structure Evolution of Nanohematite during Dissolution: Evidence for Partitioning of Iron Vacancies in Nanoparticle Shells
Crystal Structure Evolution of Nanohematite during Dissolution: Evidence for Partitioning of Iron Vacancies in Nanoparticle Shells Open
Changes in the crystal structure of hematite (Fe2O3) during dissolution were analyzed using in situ, time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) of synthetic hematite powders in 3 M HCl solutions. The refined Fe occupancy in hematite increased…
View article: Time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of mineral transformations in aqueous solutions
Time-resolved X-ray diffraction studies of mineral transformations in aqueous solutions Open
The time-resolved X-ray diffraction (TRXRD) technique enables in-situ studies of mineral transformations in aqueous solutions with a time resolution of ∼30 seconds. Rietveld analysis of sequential XRD data reveals the real-time evolution o…
View article: In Situ Diffraction and Ex Situ Transmission X‐Ray Microscopy Studies of Solid‐State Upcycling for NMC Cathodes
In Situ Diffraction and Ex Situ Transmission X‐Ray Microscopy Studies of Solid‐State Upcycling for NMC Cathodes Open
Upcycling of recycled LiNi 0.6 Mn 0.2 Co 0.2 O 2 (NMC622) cathodes offers an economical route to produce cathode materials with increased energy density (i.e., LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 , NMC811) that meet the performance needs of present…
View article: Complex Adsorption Behavior of Neodymium and Ytterbium on Structurally-Distinct Alumina Surfaces
Complex Adsorption Behavior of Neodymium and Ytterbium on Structurally-Distinct Alumina Surfaces Open
New sources of rare earth elements (REEs) are needed to support a green energy transition. REEs adsorbed to aluminum-rich clays in weathering deposits represent important resources, but the mechanisms responsible for their retention and ea…
View article: Inhibition of Reaction Layer Formation on MgO(100) by Doping with Trace Amounts of Iron
Inhibition of Reaction Layer Formation on MgO(100) by Doping with Trace Amounts of Iron Open
Despite extensive research on MgO's reactivity in the presence of CO2 under various conditions, little is known about whether impurities incorporated into the solid, such as iron, enhance or impede hydroxylation and carbonation reactions. …
View article: Carbonation of MgO Single Crystals: Implications for Direct Air Capture of CO<sub>2</sub>
Carbonation of MgO Single Crystals: Implications for Direct Air Capture of CO<sub>2</sub> Open
Direct air capture (DAC) may be feasible to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere at the gigaton scale, holding promise to become a major contributor to climate change mitigation. Mineral looping using magnesium oxide (MgO) is po…
View article: Lead Adsorption and Desorption at the Barite (001) Surface in the Presence of EDTA
Lead Adsorption and Desorption at the Barite (001) Surface in the Presence of EDTA Open
Scaling minerals, such as barite, can cause detrimental consequences for oil/gas pipelines and water systems, but their formation can be inhibited by organic chelators such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Here, we resolve how ED…
View article: Identifying critical features of iron phosphate particle for lithium preference
Identifying critical features of iron phosphate particle for lithium preference Open
One-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO 4 ) is widely proposed for electrochemical lithium (Li) extraction from dilute water sources, however, significant variations in Li selectivity were observed for particles with different ph…
View article: Real-Time Atomic-Scale Structural Analysis Resolves the Amorphous to Crystalline CaCO<sub>3</sub> Mechanism Controversy
Real-Time Atomic-Scale Structural Analysis Resolves the Amorphous to Crystalline CaCO<sub>3</sub> Mechanism Controversy Open
Amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) occurs as a precursor to geological and biogenic calcium carbonate (CaCO3), yet its transformation pathways and reaction mechanisms remain inconsistent and controversial. In this study, we investigated the…
View article: Reaction Layer Formation on MgO in the Presence of Humidity
Reaction Layer Formation on MgO in the Presence of Humidity Open
Mineralization by MgO is an attractive potential strategy for direct air capture (DAC) of CO2 due to its tendency to form carbonate phases upon exposure to water and CO2. Hydration of MgO during this process is typically assumed to not be …
View article: Identifying critical features of iron phosphate particle for lithium preference
Identifying critical features of iron phosphate particle for lithium preference Open
One-dimensional (1D) olivine iron phosphate (FePO4) is widely proposed for selective electrochemical lithium (Li) extraction from dilute water sources, however, significant variations in Li selectivity were observed for particles with diff…
View article: Structure of the Bastnäsite (001) Surface by Crystal Truncation Rod X-ray Diffraction and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics: Implications for Separations of a Rare Earth Ore Mineral
Structure of the Bastnäsite (001) Surface by Crystal Truncation Rod X-ray Diffraction and Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics: Implications for Separations of a Rare Earth Ore Mineral Open
Bastnäsite ((Ce,La)FCO3) is the primary mineral source of light rare earth elements, but its surface structure is not well understood. This presents a major challenge in improving beneficiation strategies. In this work, a synergistic combi…
View article: Imaging of the electronic bonding of diamond at pressures up to 2 million atmospheres
Imaging of the electronic bonding of diamond at pressures up to 2 million atmospheres Open
Diamond shows unprecedented hardness. Because hardness is a measure of resistance of chemical bonds in a material to external indentation, the electronic bonding nature of diamond beyond several million atmospheres is key to understanding …
View article: Underground replacement of a 100 year old tunnel using the sequential demolition method
Underground replacement of a 100 year old tunnel using the sequential demolition method Open
The Réseau Express Métropolitain (REM) by la Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec (CDPQ) is a major transit project in Montréal, Canada. The automated LRT system will include 26 stations connected by 67 km of track. A section of the REM …
View article: Y(III) Sorption at the Orthoclase (001) Surface Measured by X-ray Reflectivity
Y(III) Sorption at the Orthoclase (001) Surface Measured by X-ray Reflectivity Open
Interactions of heavy metals with charged mineral surfaces control their mobility in the environment. Here, we investigate the adsorption of Y(III) onto the orthoclase (001) basal plane, the former as a representative of rare earth element…
View article: The Importance of Surface Oxygen for Lithiation and Morphology Evolution during Calcination of High‐Nickel NMC Cathodes
The Importance of Surface Oxygen for Lithiation and Morphology Evolution during Calcination of High‐Nickel NMC Cathodes Open
Nanoscale morphology has a direct impact on the performance of materials for electrochemical energy storage. Despite this importance, little is known about the evolution of primary particle morphology nor its effect on chemical pathways du…
View article: Impact of Ion–Ion Correlations on the Adsorption of M(III) (M = Am, Eu, Y) onto Muscovite (001) in the Presence of Sulfate
Impact of Ion–Ion Correlations on the Adsorption of M(III) (M = Am, Eu, Y) onto Muscovite (001) in the Presence of Sulfate Open
The environmental fate of metal ions is influenced by their interactions with natural organic and inorganic ligands, which modify the ions’ structure and charge and thus influence their interactions with mineral phases. We investigate the …
View article: Co-intercalation-free ether electrolytes for graphitic anodes in lithium-ion batteries
Co-intercalation-free ether electrolytes for graphitic anodes in lithium-ion batteries Open
Fluorination of ether solvents suppresses solvent co-intercalation into graphite. The fluoroether electrolytes enable a wider working temperature window of Li-ion batteries and support silicon–graphite composite anodes.
View article: Interfacial X-Ray Scattering From Small Surfaces: Adapting Mineral-Fluid Structure Methods for Microcrystalline Materials
Interfacial X-Ray Scattering From Small Surfaces: Adapting Mineral-Fluid Structure Methods for Microcrystalline Materials Open
Crystal truncation rod (CTR) X-ray diffraction is an invaluable tool for measuring mineral surface and adsorbate structures, and has been applied to several environmentally and geochemically important systems. Traditionally, the method has…