Peter G. Simmonds
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View article: A rise in HFC-23 emissions from eastern Asia since 2015
A rise in HFC-23 emissions from eastern Asia since 2015 Open
Trifluoromethane (CHF3, HFC-23), one of the most potent greenhouse gases among hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), is mainly emitted to the atmosphere as a by-product in the production of the ozone-depleting legacy refrigerant and chemical feedstoc…
View article: Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl <sub>4</sub> derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021
Western European emission estimates of CFC-11, CFC-12 and CCl <sub>4</sub> derived from atmospheric measurements from 2008 to 2021 Open
Production and consumption of CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane, CCl3F), CFC-12 (dichlorodifluoromethane, CCl2F2) and CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) are controlled under the regulations of the Montreal Protocol and have been phased out globally …
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-40
Comment on egusphere-2023-40 Open
Abstract. Production and consumption of CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane, CCl3F), CFC-12 dichlorodifluoromethane, CCl2F2) and CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) are controlled under the regulations of the Montreal Protocol and have been phased out …
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-6
Comment on egusphere-2023-6 Open
Abstract. Trifluoromethane (CHF3, HFC-23), one of the most potent greenhouse gases among HFCs, is mainly emitted to the atmosphere as a by-product in the production of the ozone depleting legacy refrigerant and chemical feedstock chlorodif…
View article: CFC-11 emissions are declining as expected in Western Europe
CFC-11 emissions are declining as expected in Western Europe Open
Production and consumption of CFC-11 (trichlorofluoromethane, CCl3F), CFC-12 dichlorodifluoromethane, CCl2F2) and CCl4 (carbon tetrachloride) are controlled under the regulations of the Montreal Protocol and have been phased out globally f…
View article: Comment on egusphere-2023-6
Comment on egusphere-2023-6 Open
Abstract. Trifluoromethane (CHF3, HFC-23), one of the most potent greenhouse gases among HFCs, is mainly emitted to the atmosphere as a by-product in the production of the ozone depleting legacy refrigerant and chemical feedstock chlorodif…
View article: Continuous increase in East Asia HFC-23 emissions inferred from high-frequency atmospheric observations from 2008 to 2019
Continuous increase in East Asia HFC-23 emissions inferred from high-frequency atmospheric observations from 2008 to 2019 Open
Trifluoromethane (CHF3, HFC-23), one of the most potent greenhouse gases among HFCs, is mainly emitted to the atmosphere as a by-product in the production of the ozone depleting legacy refrigerant and chemical feedstock chlorodifluorometha…
View article: Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of hydrofluorocarbons determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements
Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of hydrofluorocarbons determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements Open
National greenhouse gas inventories (GHGIs) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They are estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodological…
View article: Comment on acp-2021-261
Comment on acp-2021-261 Open
Abstract. National greenhouse gas inventories (GHGIs) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They are estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) meth…
View article: Comment on acp-2021-261
Comment on acp-2021-261 Open
Abstract. National greenhouse gas inventories (GHGIs) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They are estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) meth…
View article: Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of HFCs determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements
Evidence of a recent decline in UK emissions of HFCs determined by the InTEM inverse model and atmospheric measurements Open
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories (GHGI) are submitted annually to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). They are estimated in compliance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) methodological …
View article: Unexpected nascent atmospheric emissions of three ozone-depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Unexpected nascent atmospheric emissions of three ozone-depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbons Open
Significance We demonstrate the need to detect and track unexpected substances in the atmosphere and to locate their sources. Here, we report on three hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) that have no known end-uses. HCFC-132b ( …
View article: Natural greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting substance sources and sinks from the peat bogs of Connemara, Ireland from 1994–2020
Natural greenhouse gas and ozone-depleting substance sources and sinks from the peat bogs of Connemara, Ireland from 1994–2020 Open
New emissions of methane and chloroform, with concurrent depositions of ozone and hydrogen were determined from the peat bogs of Ireland.
View article: Unexpected nascent atmospheric emissions of three ozone-depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbons
Unexpected nascent atmospheric emissions of three ozone-depleting hydrochlorofluorocarbons Open
Atmospheric Measurement Data for the three halocarbons 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-132b), 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC-133a), and chlorofluoromethane (HCFC-31). Data are related to article in PNAS.
View article: The increasing atmospheric burden of the greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF <sub>6</sub> )
The increasing atmospheric burden of the greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF <sub>6</sub> ) Open
We report a 40-year history of SF6 atmospheric mole fractions measured at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) monitoring sites, combined with archived air samples, to determine emission estimates from 1978 to 2018. Pre…
View article: The increasing atmospheric burden of the greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF <sub>6</sub> )
The increasing atmospheric burden of the greenhouse gas sulfur hexafluoride (SF <sub>6</sub> ) Open
We report a 40-year history of SF6 atmospheric mole fractions measured at the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) monitoring sites, combined with archived air samples to determine emission estimates from 1978–2018. Previou…
View article: Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions
Increase in global emissions of HFC-23 despite near-total expected reductions Open
Under the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, new controls are being implemented to reduce emissions of HFC-23 (CHF $${}_{3}$$ ), a by-product during the manufacture of HCFC-22 (CHClF $${}_{2}$$ ). Starting in 2015, China and Indi…
View article: Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere
Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere Open
We reconstruct atmospheric abundances of the potent greenhouse gas c-C4F8 (perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorocarbon PFC-318) from measurements of in situ, archived, firn, and aircraft air samples with precisions of ∼1 %–2 % reported on the SI…
View article: Flexible approach for quantifying average long-term changes and seasonal cycles of tropospheric trace species
Flexible approach for quantifying average long-term changes and seasonal cycles of tropospheric trace species Open
We present an approach for deriving a systematic mathematical representation of the statistically significant features of the average long-term changes and seasonal cycle of concentrations of trace tropospheric species. The results for two…
View article: Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere
Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere Open
We reconstruct atmospheric abundances of the potent greenhouse gas c-C4F8 (perfluorocyclobutane, perfluorocarbon PFC-318) from measurements of in situ, archived, firn, and aircraft air samples with precisions of ~ 1–2 % reported on the SIO…
View article: Supplementary material to "Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere"
Supplementary material to "Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, <i>c</i> -C <sub>4</sub> F <sub>8</sub> ) in the global atmosphere" Open
Perfluorocyclobutane (PFC-318, c-C 4 F 8 ) in the global atmosphere
View article: Flexible approach for quantifying average long-term changes and seasonal cycles of tropospheric trace species
Flexible approach for quantifying average long-term changes and seasonal cycles of tropospheric trace species Open
We present an approach to derive a systematic mathematical representation of the statistically significant features of the average long-term changes and seasonal cycle of concentrations of trace tropospheric species. The results for two il…