Peter J. Dodd
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View article: Decomposing wealth-based inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health in Kenya
Decomposing wealth-based inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health in Kenya Open
Background This study examined wealth-related inequalities in ideal cardiovascular health (iCVH), as defined by the 2010 American Heart Association guideline, among Kenyan adults. Methods The study analysed data from 3816 adults who partic…
View article: Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a priority pathogen for enhanced public health research and practice
Drug-resistant tuberculosis: a priority pathogen for enhanced public health research and practice Open
SUMMARY Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) causes substantial morbidity and mortality and has hindered progress toward TB elimination. This slowed progress toward the WHO End TB Strategy’s targets was exacerbated by lower TB detection dur…
View article: A global analysis of patterns of tuberculosis exposure and transmission
A global analysis of patterns of tuberculosis exposure and transmission Open
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern and the leading infectious cause of mortality globally. The disease exhibits strong prevalence patterns by age and sex, but the implications of these patterns for likely TB exposure and tr…
View article: Barriers and facilitators of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Kenya: A qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives
Barriers and facilitators of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Kenya: A qualitative exploration of stakeholder perspectives Open
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of non-communicable disease (NCD) deaths in Kenya. Since 1990, Kenya has seen a significant rise in CVD risk factors, coupled with low levels of public awareness regarding thes…
View article: Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of WHO-recommended treatment decision algorithms for childhood tuberculosis using an individual person dataset: a study protocol
Evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of WHO-recommended treatment decision algorithms for childhood tuberculosis using an individual person dataset: a study protocol Open
Introduction In 2022, the WHO conditionally recommended the use of treatment decision algorithms (TDAs) for treatment decision-making in children <10 years with presumptive tuberculosis (TB), aiming to decrease the substantial case detecti…
View article: Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence averted by eliminating undernutrition in adults: a modelling study
Global, regional, and national estimates of tuberculosis incidence averted by eliminating undernutrition in adults: a modelling study Open
Background Current efforts to reduce global tuberculosis incidence have proved insufficient, highlighting that urgent action is needed to address underlying modifiable risk factors such as undernutrition. We aimed to estimate the global im…
View article: Community-wide annual tuberculosis screening over four years: Findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial
Community-wide annual tuberculosis screening over four years: Findings from the HPTN 071 (PopART) trial Open
Background The World Health Organization suggest that systematic tuberculosis (TB) screening may be conducted in high prevalence settings (>0.5%), though supporting evidence is limited. Methods Between January-2014 to December-2017, the HP…
View article: Stakeholder perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary care in Kenya
Stakeholder perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary care in Kenya Open
Integrated care is increasingly recognised as a key strategy for the management of multimorbidity. However, evidence on the factors associated with the implementation of integrated care models in low- and middle-income countries remains li…
View article: Sex differences in the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based immunoreactivity surveys
Sex differences in the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based immunoreactivity surveys Open
Wellcome Trust and UK Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office.
View article: Evaluating the health impact, health-system costs and cost-effectiveness of using TrueNat on stool samples compared to usual care for the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings: A modelling analysis
Evaluating the health impact, health-system costs and cost-effectiveness of using TrueNat on stool samples compared to usual care for the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings: A modelling analysis Open
The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends rapid molecular diagnostics to improve bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis in children. TrueNat MTB, MTB Plus and MTB-RIF Dx assays (Molbio Diagnostics, India), recommended by WHO, ho…
View article: Global estimates of tuberculosis incidence during pregnancy and postpartum: a rapid review and modelling analysis
Global estimates of tuberculosis incidence during pregnancy and postpartum: a rapid review and modelling analysis Open
Introduction Despite known maternal, perinatal and infant health risks of tuberculosis during pregnancy, global estimates of incidence remain limited. Existing estimates are outdated, and do not include the postpartum period, HIV co-infect…
View article: Potential pediatric tuberculosis incidence and deaths resulting from interruption in programmes supported by international health aid, 2025-2034: a mathematical modelling study
Potential pediatric tuberculosis incidence and deaths resulting from interruption in programmes supported by international health aid, 2025-2034: a mathematical modelling study Open
Introduction Children experience elevated risks of developing and dying from tuberculosis (TB). We estimated the additional pediatric TB cases and deaths that could occur over 2025-2034 if programmes supported by United States bilateral he…
View article: The<i>global TB portfolio model</i>: a tool for projecting the epidemiological impact of TB policy options
The<i>global TB portfolio model</i>: a tool for projecting the epidemiological impact of TB policy options Open
Background Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the deadliest infectious diseases globally. Despite the World Health Organization’s (WHO) End TB Strategy targets for 2035, progress has been hindered by structural, financial, and implementation…
View article: Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis infection screening at first reception into English prisons: a model-based analysis
Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis infection screening at first reception into English prisons: a model-based analysis Open
UKHSA from 9/2023 to 12/2024.
View article: Distribution and transmission of M. tuberculosis in a high-HIV prevalence city in Malawi: A genomic and spatial analysis
Distribution and transmission of M. tuberculosis in a high-HIV prevalence city in Malawi: A genomic and spatial analysis Open
Delays in identifying and treating individuals with infectious tuberculosis (TB) contribute to poor health outcomes and allow ongoing community transmission of M. tuberculosis ( Mtb ). Current recommendations for screening for tuberculosis…
View article: Quantifying Potential Immortal Time Bias in Observational Studies in Acute Severe Infection
Quantifying Potential Immortal Time Bias in Observational Studies in Acute Severe Infection Open
Background Immortal time bias is a spurious or exaggerated protective association that commonly arises in naive analyses of observational data. It occurs when people receive the intervention because they survive, rather than survive becaus…
View article: Factors driving adolescent tuberculosis incidence by age and sex in 30 high-tuberculosis burden countries: a mathematical modelling study
Factors driving adolescent tuberculosis incidence by age and sex in 30 high-tuberculosis burden countries: a mathematical modelling study Open
Introduction During adolescence, tuberculosis incidence rises, with a greater increase in males compared with females. Tuberculosis notifications and estimates infrequently disaggregate adolescent age groups. Moreover, the factors that dri…
View article: Application of decision analytic modelling to cardiovascular disease prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Application of decision analytic modelling to cardiovascular disease prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review Open
Background This systematic review sought to examine the application of decision analytic models (DAMs) to evaluate cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention interventions in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region that has experienced an increasi…
View article: Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis infection screening at first reception into English prisons: a model-based analysis
Cost-effectiveness of tuberculosis infection screening at first reception into English prisons: a model-based analysis Open
Background The World Health Organization recommends systematic screening for tuberculosis in incarcerated populations, which are consistently at high risk of tuberculosis relative to the general population. In England, new receptions into …
View article: Quantifying potential immortal time bias in observational studies in acute severe infection
Quantifying potential immortal time bias in observational studies in acute severe infection Open
KEY POINTS Immortal time bias exaggerates estimates of treatment efficacy in naïve analyses of observational data. We developed a tool to estimate the extent of this bias. The benefits of giving intravenous immunoglobulin in streptococcal …
View article: Stakeholder perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary care in Kenya
Stakeholder perspectives on the barriers and facilitators to integrating cardiovascular disease and diabetes management at primary care in Kenya Open
Integrated care is increasingly recognised as a key strategy for the management of multimorbidity. However, evidence on the factors associated with the implementation of integrated care models in low- and middle-income countries remains li…
View article: Global burden of tuberculous meningitis in children aged 0–14 years in 2019: a mathematical modelling study
Global burden of tuberculous meningitis in children aged 0–14 years in 2019: a mathematical modelling study Open
Fogarty International Center of the US National Institutes of Health.
View article: Cost-effectiveness of integrating paediatric tuberculosis services into child healthcare services in Africa: a modelling analysis of a cluster-randomised trial
Cost-effectiveness of integrating paediatric tuberculosis services into child healthcare services in Africa: a modelling analysis of a cluster-randomised trial Open
Background In 2021, over one million children developed tuberculosis, resulting in 214 000 deaths, largely due to inadequate diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis is limited in most high-burden countries beca…
View article: Evaluating the health impact, health-system costs and cost-effectiveness of using TrueNat on stool samples compared to usual care for the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings: a modelling analysis
Evaluating the health impact, health-system costs and cost-effectiveness of using TrueNat on stool samples compared to usual care for the diagnosis of paediatric tuberculosis in primary care settings: a modelling analysis Open
The World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends rapid molecular diagnostics to improve bacteriological confirmation of tuberculosis in children. TrueNat MTB, MTB Plus and MTB-RIF Dx assays (Molbio Diagnostics, India), recommended by WHO, ho…
View article: Treatment decision algorithms for tuberculosis screening and diagnosis in children below 5 years hospitalised with severe acute malnutrition: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Treatment decision algorithms for tuberculosis screening and diagnosis in children below 5 years hospitalised with severe acute malnutrition: a cost-effectiveness analysis Open
Background Children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) are an important risk group for underdiagnosis and death from tuberculosis. In 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended use of treatment decision algorithms (TDAs) for t…